Tubero

Tūbĕro, ōnis, m., a surname in the gens Aelia; e. g.

• I Q. Aelius Tubero, a Stoic, an opponent of Tiberius Gracchus, Cic. Brut. 31, 117; id. Lael. 11, 37; 27, 101; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87.—
• II L. Tubero, lieutenant of Q. Cicern in Asia, an historian, Caes. B. C. 1, 31; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 10; Gell. 6, 3, 4.—
• III Q. Aelius Tubero, son of the preceding, a relative (according to some, the brother-in-law) of Cicero, and the accuser of Ligarius, Cic. Lig. 1, 1; 3, 9 al.; Quint. 11, 1, 80; Suet. Caes. 83.

2. Tūbero, ōnis, m. (v. tuber, wie Cicero v. cicer; eig. der Höckerige), Name eines Zweiges der gen. Aelia. Bes. bekannt sind a) Q. Aelius Tubero, Enkel des L. Ämilius Paulus, Stoiker, Gegner des Tib. Gracchus (vgl. Seyff. Cic. Lael. 37. p. 262²), Cic. de or. 3, 87; Brut. 117; Mur. 75; de off. 3, 63; de amic. 37 u. 101. Val. Max. 7, 5, 1: Plur. Tuberones, Männer wie Tubero, Tac. ann. 16, 22. – b) L. Tubero, Legat des O. Cicero in Asien, Geschichtschreiber, Caes. b.c. 1, 31. Cic. ad Q. fr. 1, 1, 3. § 10. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 1 u. 4, 2. – c) Q. Aelius Tubero, Sohn des L. Tubero, Ankläger des Ligarius, Cic. Lig. 1 sqq.; Geschichtschreiber, Liv. 4, 23, 2 sq. Quint. 5, 13, 31; 11, 1, 80. Suet. Caes. 83, 1.

1 Tūbĕrō, (10) ōnis, m. , surnom dans la gens Ælia ; not^t  : Q. Ælius Tubéron [adversaire de Tiberius Gracchus] : Cic. Br. 117 ; Læl. 37 || L. Ælius Tubéron [historien] : Cic. Q. 1, 1, 10 ; Cæs. C. 1, 31 ; Gell. 6, 3, 4 || Q. Ælius Tubéron [accusateur de Ligarius] : Cic. Lig. 1 ; 9 ; Quint. 11, 1, 80.

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

1. P. Aelius Tubero, was elected plebeian aedile B. C. 202, but resigned his office, together with his colleague L. Laetorius, because there had been some fault in the auspices at their election. He was praetor the following year, B. C. 201, when he obtained Sicily as his province. In B. C. 189 he was one of the tell commissioners sent into Asia after the conquest of Antiochus; and in B. C. 177 he was again elected praetor. (Liv. 30.39, 40, 37.55, 41.8.)

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

2. Q. Aelius Tubero, tribune of the plebs B. C. 194, proposed a plebiscitum, in accordance with a decree of the senate, for founding two Latin colonies in southern Italy; one among the Bruttii, and the other in the territory of Thurii. He was appointed. one of the three commissioners for the foundation of the latter colony. (Liv. 34.53, 35.9.)

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

3. Q. Aelius Tubero, the son-in-law of L. Aemilius Paulus, served under the latter in his war against Perseus, king of Macedonia. After Perseus had been taken prisoner, he was committed by Aemilius to the custody of Tubero. This Tubero, like the rest of his family, was so poor that he had not an ounce of silver plate, till his father-in-law gave him five pounds of plate from the spoils of the Macedonian monarch. (Liv. 45.7, 8; V. Max. 4.4.9; Plin. H. N.. 33.11 ; Plut. Aemil. Paul. 28.)

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

4. Q. Aelius Tubero, the son of No. 3, the jurist. See below Tubero, jurists, No. 1.

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

5. L. Aelius Tubero, an intimate friend of Cicero. He was a relation and a schoolfellow of the orator, had served with him in the Marsic war, and had afterwards served under his brother Quintus as legate in Asia. It is uncertain in what way he was related to Cicero. The Scholiast on the oration for Ligarius says (pp. 415, 417, ed. Orelli) that Tubero married the soror of Cicero. We know that Cicero had not a sister; but the brother of the orator's father may have had a daughter, who was married to Tubero; and hence we may understand soror to signify in this passage, as it frequently does, a first cousin, and not a sister. (Drumann, Geschichte Roms, vol. vi. p. 273.) On the breaking out of the civil war, Tubero, who had espoused the Pompeian party, received from the senate the province of Africa; but as Atius Varus and Q. Ligarius, who likewise belonged to the aristocratical party, would not surrender it to him, he passed over to Pompey in Greece. He was afterwards 'pardoned by Caesar and returned with his son Quintus to Rome. (Cic. pro Lig. 4, 7, 8, ad Q. Fr. 1.1.3, pro Planc. 41.) Tubero cultivated literature and philosophy. He wrote a history (Cic. ad Q. Fr. l.c.), and the philosopher Aenesidemus dedicated to him his work on the sceptical philosophy of Pyrrhon. (Phot. Bibl. 212.)

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

6. Q. Aelius Tubero, the son of No. 5, the jurist. See below, No. 2.

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

jurists.

1. Q. Aelius Tubero, called the Stoic, was a pupil of Panaetius ; and one of the scholars of Panaetius dedicated to Tubero a treatise De Officiis (Cic. de Off. 3.15). He was the son of Q. Aelius Tubero, who was the son-in-law of L. Aemilius Paulus. [See above, No. 3.] Tubero the son had a reputation for talent and legal knowledge. (Cic. Brut. 31, pro Muren. 100.36; Tac. Ann. 16.2; Gel. 1.22.) Plutarch (Plut. Luc. 100.39) attributes to this Tubero the saying that Lucullus was " Xerxes in a toga ;" but this is a mistake, for Tubero the Stoic was a contemporary of the Gracchi and tribunus plebis in B. C. 133, the year in which Tiberius was also tribunus plebis. Lucullus could not play the part of Xerxes in a toga earlier than B. C. 63. In B. C. 129 Tubero failed in his candidateship for the praetorship, but in B. C. 123 he was praetor. Pomponius says that he was also consul, but it has been inferred from the passage in the Brutus (100.31) that he never obtained the consulship. He appears however to have been consul suffectus in B. C. 118. He was an opponent of C. Gracchus as well as of Tiberius, and delivered some speeches against him B. C. 123. Tubero is one of the speakers in Cicero's dialogue de Republica. The passages in the Pandect in which Tubero is cited do not refer to this Tubero, but to the son of Lucius. (Cic. Brut. ed. H. Meyer, 100.31, and the note; H. Meyer, Oratorum Romanorum Frag. p. 251, 2d ed.)

Tu'bero, Ae'lius

2. Q. Aelius Tubero, the son of Lucius [see above, No. 5], was born probably about B. C. 74. When he was a young man, he made a speech (B. C. 46) before C. Julius Caesar against Q. Ligarius, who was defended by Cicero in a speech which is extant (Pro Q. Ligario). When L. Tubero, who had been appointed governor of Africa by the senate, attempted to land there, Ligarius, who held Africa in the capacity of legatus, prevented Lucius from landing with his son Quintus, who accompanied him; and this was the main cause of the enmity of Tubero against Ligarius. The oration of Tubero is mentioned by Quintilian (Instit. Orat. 10.1.23, 11.1.78). After his failure on this occasion Tubero applied to the study of the Jus Civile under Ofilius; and he obtained considerable reputation. He had a great knowledge both of Jus Publicum and Privatum, and he wrote several works on both these divisions of law; but he affected an antiquated mode of expression, which made his writings less agreeable to read (Pomponius, Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2.46) : from this remark of Pomponius we may infer that Tubero's works were extant when he wrote. Tubero married a daughter of Servius Sulpicius, and the daughter of Tubero was the mother of the jurist C. Cassius Longinus. It is uncertain if this Tubero was consul under Augustus B. C. 11, with P. Fabius Maximus, for his consulship is not mentioned by Pomponius, but that omission is not decisive against the evidence of the Fasti Capitolini and Plinius (H. N. 8.17). A work by Tubero, " De Officio Judicis" is mentioned by Gellius (14.2); and another " Ad C. Oppium" is mentioned by Gellius (7.19). Like his father Q. Tubero wrote a history ( Liv. 4.23; Suet. Caes. 83), but whether the quotations of A. Gellius (6.3, 4) are taken from the history of the father or the son cannot be determined. Tubero the Jurist, who is often cited in the Digest, is this Tubero; but there is no excerpt from his writings. [G.L]

Tu'bero, L. Seius

a legatus of Germanicus in his campaign in Germany in A. D. 16, was consul with the latter in A. D. 18. Tubero was falsely accused of majestas in A. D. 24. (Tac. Ann. 2.20, 4.29; Fasti.)

Tubĕro

Aelius. (1) Quintus, son-in-law of L. Aemilius Paulus, served under the latter in his war against Perseus, king of Macedonia.

(2) Q., son of the preceding, was a pupil of Panaetius, and is called “the Stoic. ” He had a reputation for talent and legal knowledge. He was praetor in 123, and consul suffectus in 118. He was an opponent of Tib. Gracchus, as well as of C. Gracchus, and delivered some speeches against the latter, 123. Tubero is one of the speakers in Cicero's dialogue De Republica.

(3) Lucius, an intimate friend of Cicero. On the breaking out of the Civil War, Tubero espoused the party of Pompey, under whom he served in Greece. He was afterwards pardoned by Caesar, and returned with his son Quintus to Rome. Tubero cultivated literature and philosophy.

(4) Q., son of the preceding, obtained considerable reputation as a jurist, and is often quoted in the Digest.