caliga

călĭga, ae, f. [cf. calceus, from calx], a shoe of leather, esp. that worn by the Roman soldiers (cf. Dio, 48, 12; Smith, Antiq., and Becker, Gall. III. p. 134, 2d ed.), a half-boot, a soldier’s boot.

• I Lit., *Cic. Att. 2, 3, 1; Just. 38, 10, 3; * Suet. Calig. 52; * Juv. 16, 24; Edict. Diocl. p. 241.—
• II Meton., military service, Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 135; Sen. Brev. Vit. 17, 6; id. Ben. 5, 16, 2; Inscr. Grut. 445, 9.

caliga, ae, f., der bis an das Ende des Schienbeins reichende Stiefel, der Halbstiefel, dessen Sohle bei gemeinen Leuten mit Nägeln beschlagen war (dah. clavus caligaris), a) übh., Cic. ad Att. 2, 3, 1: c. mulionica, eines Maultiertreibers (Fuhrmanns), Edict. Diocl. 9, 5: rustica, eines Bauern, ibid.: muliebris, einer Frau, ibid. 9, 10: stridor (das Knarren) caligae, Hieron. ep. 117, 2: dono tibi caligas, Petr. 69, 5. – b) bes. der Stiefel der röm. Soldaten, der Soldatenstiefel (vollst. cal. militaris, Plin. 7, 135. Edict. Diocl. 9, 6), Iuven. 16, 24. Iustin. 38, 10, 3: c. speculatoria, eines von der Leibwache, Suet. Cal. 52. – dah. meton. = Dienst eines gemeinen Soldaten, Gamaschendienst, Marium caliga dimisit (M. ist den G. los); consulatus exercet, Sen. de brev. vit. 17, 3: a caliga (von der Pike) ad consulatum perduci, Sen. de ben. 5, 16, 2, od. usque septimum consulatum pervenire, Ampel. 18, 15: in caliga (als gemeiner Soldat) militare, Corp. inscr. Lat. 3, 7108 (vgl. 6, 33061).

caliga [CL = military boot] 1 footwear, esp. hose. b (mon. or eccl.). c (dist. from hosa). d knitted stocking. e (w. ferrea or sim.) greave. f (cor in caligis, fig. expr. fear). g measure of nuts, hoseful; cf. caligata. ~a, scoh GlC C 141; facio ‥ subtalares et ficones, †coligas [AS: leperhosa] et utres Ælf. Coll. 97; habebat rubeas ~as Mir. Crisp. 6. 740B; cum calciaretur [Willelmus II] novas ~as, interrogavit cubicularium quanti constitissent cum ille respondebat “tres solidos”, indignabundus ‥ ait ‥: “ex quo habet rex ~as tam exilis pretii? ” W. Malm. GR IV 313; 1155 ~as de scarlato FormA 178; ~is [gl.: chances] tibie muniantur Neckam Ut. 99; 1287 j par de †caligaris de canobo (St. Ives) Law Merch. I 31; s1365 ~is tibiis longioribus ad curta vestimenta colligulatis ligulis quas harlotes ‥ vocabant J. Reading f. 186; 1392 iiij ~arum rubei scarleti somellatarum SelPlAdm I 15; 1403 pro panno empto pro calagis datis diversis laborantibus Ac. Durh. 219; 1408 pro pare galigarum CourtR Ottery St. M. r. 92 (cf. ib. 90d.: calegarum); 1423 loco botarum ‥ uti valeas ‥ calligis secularibus Reg. Heref. 33; neque ~is [utuntur Gallici] nisi ad genua, discooperto residuo tibiarum Fortescue LLA 35; ~a, hoose WW; 1460 plures ‥ presbyteri utuntur ‥~is clausis Conc. III 579b; 1463 pro ‥ pannis deliberatis ‥ tam ad tunicas quam ad galigas et alia vestimenta ExchScot 220; 1494 quod omnes ‥ pannarii ‥ †erint liberi ad faciendum ~as rotundas, ~as pro mulieribus et le soks ‥; et, si aliquis ‥ pannariorum faciat ~as clausure, solvet annuatim aldermanno ‥ cissorum ‥ viij d. Doc. Bev. 103; 1565 nullus ‥ ad ~as suas ‥ plus panni habebit quam j integram ulnam StatOx 386.  b exempto homine ‥ corpus ‥ induitur mundis vestimentis, id est interula, cuculla, ~is, calceis RegulC 66; [corpus] vestiatur staminia ‥ noviter lota ‥ et cuculla ‥ ; calcietur ~is de supra dicto panno factis, usque ad genua attingentibus, et nocturnalibus Lanfr. Const. 184; [pontificis] calige calles sermonis habentur Garl. Myst. Eccl. 451; vestiti staminis, femoralibus et ~is ‥ dormire debent Cust. Westm. 141; 1287 pro lij ulnis de blanketis pro ~is et peduliis Comp. Worc. I 6; 1429 factura froccorum, ‥ cucullorum, galigarum, capiciorum Ac. Obed. Abingd. 109.  c 1200 tria paria hosarum et duo paria ~arum Liberate RC 2.  d 1539 ij doz’ par’ ~arum de garnesey Augm. Bk. 456 f. 33v; 1555 ~ae nexatae KR Ac 428/5 f. 19; 1588 j par calligarum A. vocatum a payre of knytte stockinges ad valenciam ij s. Pat 1320 m. 2.  e 1184 pro j lorica et ~is ferreis Pipe 135; 1201 recepit de patre suo ‥ j loricam et j par ~arum ferrearum ‥ et j mantellum de scarlata ut ipse portaret crucem patris sui ‥ in Jerosolim’ (JustIt) Pl. K. or J. II 248; 1213 pro j sacco de lineo panno ad inponendum ‥ ~as [regis] de ferro Misae 257; 1266 ij haubergelle, j par calligarum ferrearum ExchScot 30.  f s1190 expediantur ‥ ad ijm equitum ‥ electorum, qui non habeant corda in ~is Devizes 30v; s1066 (13c) dux W. ‥ gentis multitudine congregata, virorum quidem quorum corda minime latitabant in ~is Ann. Wint. 27.  g 1252 si nuces fuerint abundantes in bosco abbatis colliget unam calligam mediocris quantitatis Cart. Rams. I 300. 2 barrel or drum (of clock). longitudo ~e dialis cum capite continet cordam 11 dencium Wallingf. (Horol.) I 474 (cf. ib. 476: longitudo tocius ~e sonitus continet cordam 10 dencium). 3 mesh (of net). 1269 quod ~a retis sit ita larga quod salmunculi salvum transitum per medium possint habere AssizeR Northumb 208.

călĭga, (14) æ, f. (calx), calige [sorte de soulier, chaussure de soldat romain] : Cic. Att. 2, 3, 1 || [fig.] profession de soldat : Plin. 7, 135.

caliga , ae. f.
兵鞋。當兵。A caliga ad consulatum perduci 兵出身陞總官。

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caliga ae, f

• 1 CEL-, CALC-, a shoe of leather, half-boot, soldier's boot, C.: offendere tot caligas, i. e. booted soldiers, Iu.

CALIGA

CA´LIGAa strong and heavy shoe, or rather sandal, worn by the Roman soldiers. Although the use of this species of calceamentum extended to the centurions, it was not worn by the superior officers. Hence the common soldiers, including centurions, were distinguished by the name of caligati (Suet. Aug. 25, Vitell. 7; οἱ ἀπὸ κάλεγος, Dig. 27, 1, 10). Service in the ranks was also designated after this article of attire. Thus Marius was said to have risen to the consulship a caliga, i.e. from the ranks (Sen. de Benef. 5.16), and Ventidius juventam inopem in caliga militari tolerasse (Plin. Nat.7.135). The Emperor Caligula received that cognomen when a boy, in consequence of wearing the caliga, which his father Germanicus put on his son in order to please the soldiers. (Tac. Ann. 1.41; manipularis habitus, Suet. Calig. 9.) The triumphal monuments of Rome show most distinctly the difference between the caliga of the common soldier and the calceus worn by men of higher rank. When Cicero says of Epicrates, i. e. Pompey, mihi caligae ejus non placebant (ad Att. 2.3), a breach of the convenances is implied. The caliga exhibits a number of straps, through which the foot is partially seen, as in the figure of the Roman soldier from the Arch of Severus, engraved under ARMA; while the CALCEUSis an ordinary closed shoe. The sole of the caliga was thickly studded with hobnails (clavi caligarii, Plin. Nat.34.143; caligares, id. 9.69: cf. Juv. Sat. 3.248, 322, 16.24; ἧλοι, Jos. B. J. 6.1, 8).

The caliga speculatoria (Suet. Calig. 52), made for the use of couriers [SPECULATOR ], was probably much lighter than the ordinary shoe worn by the soldiers.

[J.Y] [W.W]

Calĭga

A strong and heavy shoe, or rather sandal, worn by the Roman soldiers. Although the use of this species of calceamentum extended to the centurions, it was not worn by the superior officers. Hence the common soldiers, including centurions, were distinguished by the name of caligati (Suet. Aug. 25). Service in the ranks was also designated after this article of attire. Thus Marius was said to have risen to the consulship a caliga, i. e. from the ranks. The emperor Caligula (q. v.) received that cognomen when a boy, in consequence of wearing the caliga, which his father, Germanicus, put upon his son in order to please the soldiers (Tac. Ann. i. 41). The triumphal monuments of Rome show most distinctly the difference between the caliga of the common soldier and the calceus worn by men of higher rank. (See Calceus). The caliga exhibits a number of straps, through which the foot is partially seen; while the calceus (q. v.) is an ordinary closed shoe. The sole of the caliga was thickly studded with hobnails.

The caliga speculatoria ( Calig. 52), made for the use of couriers, was probably much lighter than the ordinary shoe worn by the soldiers. See speculator.