Pasiteles

• a famous Greek carver in relief, who came to Rome: hanc speciem Pasiteles caelavit argento, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79; Plin. 35, 12, 45, § 156; 36, 5, 4, § 39.

(Πασιτέλης).

1. A statuary, who flourished about (Ol. 78, B. C. 468, and was the teacher of Colotes (Pass. 1.20.2). We know nothing further of him; and, in fact, we should be unable to distinguish him from the younger Pasiteles were it not for the almost decisive evidence that the Colotes here referred to was the same as the Colotes who was contemporary with Pheidias (see Colotes, and Sillig, Catal. Artif. s. v. Colotes). Some writers, as Heyne, Hirt, andd Müller, imagine only one Pasiteles, and two artists named Colotes, but Thiersch (Epochen, p. 295) attempts to get over the difficulty by reading Πραξιτέλου and -η for Πασιτέλου, &c., in the passage of Pausanias. It is true that the names are often confounded; but the emendation does not remove the difficulty, which lies in the fact that Colotes was contemporary with Pheidias; besides, it is opposed to the critical canon, Lectio insolentior, &c.

2. A statuary, sculptor, and silver-chaser, of the highest distinction (in omnibas his summus, Plin. Nat. 35.12. s. 45), flourished at Rome, in the last years of the republic. He was a native of Magna Gr.iecia, and obtained the Itoman franchise, with his couitrymen, in B. C. 90, when he must have been very young, since he made statues for the temple of Juno, in the portico of Octavia, which was built out of the Dalmatic spoils, in B. C. 33; so that he must have flourished from about B. C. 60 to about B. C. 30 (Plin. H. N. xxxvi. .5. s. 4. §§ 10, 12). This agrees very well with Pliny's statement, in another place, that he flourished about the time of Pompey the Great (H. N. 33.12. s. 55).

Pasiteles was evidently one of the most distinguished of the Greek artists who flourished at Rome during the period of the revival of art. It is recorded of him, by his contemporary Varro, that he never executed any work of which he had not previously made a complete model, and that he called the plastic art the mother of statuary in all its branches (Latntdut [M. Varro] et Pasitelem, qui plasticem matrem caelaturae et slatuariac scalpturaeque esse dixit, et cum esset inr oni/in, lihs as sosomis, nihil unquam feeit antequam funxit : Pliny, Plin. Nat. 35.12. s. 45). Plity tells us of an incident which proves the care with which Pasiteles studied from nature : as he swas sitting in front of the cagfe of a lion, which he was copying on silver, he was nearly killed by ai panthl ir, which trokei loose from a neighbouring cage (H. N. 36.5. s. 4.12). He is mentioned with distinction, in the lists of the silver-chasers and sculptors, by Pliny, who says that he executed very many works, but that the names of them were not recorded. The only work of his which Pliny mentions by name is the ivory statne of Jupiter, in the temple of Marcellus (l. o § 10).

Pasiteles occupies also an important place among the writers on art. He was the author of five books upon the celebrated works of sculpture and chasing in the whole world (quinque volumnina nobilium operum in toto orbe; Plin. l. e. § 12), which Pliny calls mirabilia opera, and which he used as one of his chief authorities Elench. lib. xxxiii. xxxvi.). He stood also at the head of a school of artists, as we find from extant inscriptions, which mention Stephanus, the disciple of Pasiteles, and Menelaus the disciple of Stephanus. [Stephanus.]

The MSS. of Pliny vary between the readings Pasiteles and Praxiteles in the passages quoted, in consequence of the well-known habit of writing x for s. (See Oberlin, Praef ad Tac. vol. i. p. xv.) Sillig has shown that Pasitelesis the true reading, in some excellent remarks upon this artist, in the Amralthea, vol. iii. pp. 293-297. This correction being made also in a passage of Cicero (de Diann. 1.36), we obtain another important testimony respecting our artist; and we learn that in one of his silver-chasings he represented the prodigy which indicated the future renown of the infant Roscius as an actor. The true reading of this passage was first pointed out by Winckelmann (Gesch. d. Kunst, B. 9.3.18). [P.S]

(Πασιτέλης). A Greek artist of the first century B.C., a native of southern Italy. He was actively engaged at Rome on important works in marble, ivory, silver, and bronze, and was also an author. He originated a new school, which was not immediately connected with any of the existing tendencies of art, but was founded on a careful study of nature and the masterpieces of earlier sculptors. It aimed above all things at correctness of form, combined with elegance of representation and a mastery of technique. Pasiteles chased in silver a representation of the infant Roscius ( De Div. i. 79), and executed an ivory statue of Iupiter for the temple dedicated by Metellus (Pliny , Pliny H. N. xxxvi. 40). According to his contemporary Varro, he never executed any work without modelling it first (ib. xxxv. 156). Among his pupils was Stephanus, who in his turn was the master of Menelaüs.

• Paus. 5.20.2