Procles
- the twinbrother of Eurysthenes, king of the Lacedaemonians, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 90; Nep. Ages. 1, 2.
(Προκλῆς).
1. One of the twin sons of Aristodemus, who, according to the tradition respecting the Dorian conquest of Peloponnesus, on the death of their father, inherited jointly his share of the conquered territory, and became the ancestor of the two royal families of Sparta. Procles was usually regarded as the younger of the two brothers. The line of kings descended from him was called, after his son or grandson Eurypon, the Eurypontidae. (Hdt. 8.131, 6.51, &c.; Paus. 4.1.7.)
2. Tyrant of Epidaurus, the father of Lysis or Melissa, the wife of Periander. Having revealed to the son of the latter the secret of his mother's death [Periander], he incurred the implacable resentment of Periander, who attacked and captured Epidaurus, and took Procles prisoner. (Hdt. 3.50-52; Paus. 2.28.8.)
3. The son of Pityreus, was the leader of the Ionians who settled in the island of Sanos. He was an Epidaurian by birth, and led with him a considerable number of Epidaurian exiles. Androclus and the Ephesians attacked Procles and his son Leogorus, who shared the royal power with him and expelled them. (Paus. 7.4.2.)
4. A descendant of Demaratus, king of Sparta, from whom, together with Eurysthenes, who was apparently his brother, he inherited the dominion of Eliserne and Teuthrania, in Asia Minor. He was among the Greeks who accompanied the younger Cyrus in his expedition against his brother, and is mentioned more than once by Xenophon (Xen. Anab. 2.1.3, 2.1, 7, 8, 10.). He returned safe home; for at the time of the expedition of Thimbron into Asia Minor (B. C. 399) he and Eurysthenes were still governing their little principality, and readily attached themselves to the Lacedaemonian commander. (Xen. Hell. 3.1.6.) [C.P.M]
a distinguished Greek medallist, whose name appears on the coins of Naxos and of Catana. The name was first discovered on an extremely rare coin of Naxos, where it is engraved on the plinth of a statue of Silenus, which forms the reverse of the coin, in characters so fine as to require a strong lens to decipher them. There remained, however, a possibility of doubt whether the name was that of the engraver of the medal, or that of the maker of the original statue itself This doubt has been fully set at rest by the discovery of the same name on a splendid medal of Catana, in the collection of the Duc de Luynes. (R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, p. 95, with an engraving at the head of M. Raoul-Rochette's Preface.) [P.S]
- son of Lycastidas, Olympic victor: Paus. 6.14.13
- father-in-law of Periander of Corinth: Hdt. 3.50-52
- tyrant of Epidaurus, father of Melissa: Paus. 2.28.8
- his tomb: Paus. 2.28.8
- Hdt. 4.147, Hdt. 6.52, Hdt. 8.131
- twin son of Aristodemus by Argia: Apollod. 2.8.2
- with his twin brother Eurysthenes he obtains by lot the kingdom of Lacedaemon: Apollod. 2.8.3
- son of Aristodemus, ancestor of one of the Royal houses of Sparta: Paus. 3.1.5-9, Paus. 3.7.1
- a Carthaginian, rationalised story of Perseus and Medusa: Paus. 2.21.6
- esteemed Pyrrhus a better general than Alexander: Paus. 4.35.4
- leader of Ionians: Paus. 7.4.2