Sabinus

1. Sabīnus, s. Sabīnī.

2. Sabīnus, ī, m. (eig. der Sabiner, s. 1. Sabīnusunter Sabini), ein röm. Familienname, wie beim Dichter Sabinus, Freund des Ovid. Ov. am. 8, 18, 27: u. bes. der Jurist Massurius Sabinus, wov. Sabīnianus, a, um, sabinianisch, des (Massur.) Sabinus, libri, Cod. Iust. 3, 33, 17 u.a.: u. subst., Sabīniānī, ōrum, m., die Schüler u. Nachfolger des (Massur.) Sabinus, die Sabinianer, Ulp. dig. 24, 1, 11 u.a. ICt.

1 Sabinus [CL] 1 of the Sabines or their country, Sabine. b (as sb. m. or f.) a Sabine. c (as sb. f. as personal name) Sabina. consualibus ludis ~ae raptae, anno ab urbe condita tertio Bede Chr. 479; quadrimus, -a, -um, i. quattuor annorum, unde Horatius in odis ‘deprome quadrimum Sabina merum diota’ Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 14.  b septima divisio ‥ vadit super ‥ Marsos, Peligros, ~os, Umbriam Bede TR 33; urbis matrone ipse ~e sunt W. Fitzst. Thom. prol. 8.  c sancta ~a ora (Litania) HBS CVI 96; sancta Savina [ora] (Ib.) Ib. CVI 169; 1260 domino H. titulo sancte ~e presbitero cardinali Cl 265; 1275 ~a que fuit uxor Roberti H. ‥ et Johannes P. fuerunt attachiati SelPlJews 85; 1430 de illis xlviij acris terre quondam Roberti filii ~e Feod. Durh. 63. 2 (bot.), (herba ~a) savin (Juniperus sabina); b (ellipt. as sb. f.). herba ~a, þæt is safinæ Leechdoms I 34; herbum, i. sagina [? l. herba sabina] Gl. Laud. 808; si inveneris in berillo locustam marinam sculptam et sub pedibus ejus corniculam, sub genibus poni debet herbe savine modicum in auro inclusum Sculp. Lap. 451.  b ibi crescunt buxus et fraxinus ‥ populus vel betulus, palma, ~a, genesta, ejesta, sentes vel spine Ælf. Bata 6 p. 98; savine virtus anthracis vim fugat atram, / vertigo capitis viribus ejus eget Neckam DS VII 107; fiat fomentum ante accessionem cum decoctione pulegii calamenti policarie majoris et minoris, savine origani frondibus lauri roris marini Gilb. I 35v. 2; savina bullita mixta cum pinguedine distemperata cum aloe ‥ superpositum umbilico laxat Gad. 6v. 2; hebel, i. savina vel juniperus SB 23; lavent sacrista et subsacrista quodlibet altare cum scopis compositis ex ysopo et savina Ord. Ebor. II 289; savine, herbe, ~a, -ae Levins Manip. 139.

1 Săbīnus, (10) a, um, des Sabins, sabin : Cic. Lig. 23.

2 Săbīnus, (9) ī, m. , nom propre romain ; not^t Q. Titurius Sabinus lieutenant de César en Gaule || Aulus Sabinus, poète lat. : Ov. Am. 2, 18, 27 || Massurius Sabinus, jurisconsulte sous Tibère, v. Sabinianus || Flavius Sabinus, frère de lʼempereur Vespasien : Tac. H. 1, 46 || nom dʼun esclave : Cic. Fam. 16, 16, 2.

Sabi'nus

1. A contemporary poet and a friend of Ovid, known to us only from two passages of the works of the latter. Works

From one of these (Am. 2.18. 27-34) we learn that Sabinus had written answers to six of the Epistolae Heroidum of Ovid. Three answers enumerated by Ovid in this passage are printed in many editions of the poet's works as the genuine poems of Sabinus. It is remarked in the life of Ovid [Vol. III. p. 72a.] that their genuineness is doubtful; but we may go further, and assert with certainty that they written by a modern scholar, Angelus Sabinus, about the year 1467. The other passage of Ovid, in which Sabinus is mentioned (ex Pont. 4.16. 13-16) alludes to one of the answers already spoken of, and likewise informs us of the titles of two other works of Sabinus:-- Quique suam Troezena, imperfectumque dierum Deseruit celeri more Sabinus opus.

It has been conjectured by Gläser that the Troezen here spoken of was an epic poem, containing a history of the birth and adventures of Theseus till his arrival at his father's court at Athens, so called from Troezen being the birth-place of Theseus, and that the Dierum Opus was a continuation of Ovid's Fasti. As the letter from Pontus in which the death of Sabinus is mentioned was written in A. D. 15, he probably died shortly before this year. Further Information

For further discussion respecting this poet, see an essay by Glaser, entitled Der Dichter Sabinus in the Rheiniscles Museum for 1842, p. 437, &c.

Sabi'nus

2. P. Sabinus, was appointed by Vitellius, on his accession to the empire in A. D. 69, praefect of the praetorian troops, although he was at the time only praefect of a cohort. (Tac. Hist. 2.92, 3.36.) He must not be confounded with his contemporary Flavius Sabinus, the praefect of the city [SABINUS, FLAVIUS].

Sabi'nus

a consularis under Antoninus Heliogabalus, on whose writings Ulpianus commented according to Aelius Lampridius (Anton. Heliogab. 100.16). Heliogabalus, in a low tone of voice, ordered a centurion to put Sabinus to death for staying in the city; but the centurion, who was rather deaf, thought that the order was to drive him out of Rome, which he did, and thus saved the life of Sabinus. The statement of Ulpianus commenting on a work of this Sabinus, is apparently rently a blunder of Lampridius. In his life of Alexander Severus (100.68) Lampridius mentions among the consiliarii of Alexander, Fabius Sabinus, a son of Sabinus, an illustrious man, the Cato of his time. Fabius may have been a jurist, but nothing is known of him. There is no reason for calling Sabinus one, for Lampridius is no authority, and there is no other. (Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsultorum, p. 189.) [G.L]

Sabi'nus

a consularis and praefect of the city, under Maximinus I., was slain while endeavouring to quell the insurrection which burst forth when intelligence arrived of the elevation of the Gordians in Africa. (Capitolin. Maximsin. duo, 14, Gordian. tres, 13; Herodian. 7.15.) [W.R]

Sabi'nus

(Σαβῖνος), Greek, literary.

1. A sophist and rhetorician, who flourished under Hadrian, and wrote a work in four books, entitled Εἰσαγωγὴ καὶ ύποθέσεις μελετητικῆς ὕλης, and also Commentaries on Thucydides, Acusilaus, and some other authors, as well as other exegetical works. (Suid. s. v.) He seems to have been a native of Zeugma, as Suidas tells us that Sergius of Zeugma wrote an epitaph for his brother, Sabins the sophist. (Suid. s. v. Σέργιος.)

Sabi'nus

2. The author of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology, in imitation of Leonidas of Tarentum. It is not known with certainty whether he was the same person as the sophist. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 304; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 18, vol. xiii. p. 948 , Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. p. 494.)

Sabi'nus

3. A bishop of Heracleia in Thrace, and a follower of the heresy of Macedonius, was one of the earliest writers on ecclesiastical councils. His work, entitled Συναγωγὴ τῶν Συνοδῶν, is frequently quoted by Socrates and other ecclesiastical historians. (Soc. H. E.1.5, 2.11, 13, 16; Sozom. H. E. Praef.; Niceph. Call. ix.; Epiphan. Haer. 2.8, 9, 17.) He appears to have lived about the end of the reign of Theodosius II., who reigned from A. D. 424 to 450. (Vossius, de Hist. Graec. pp. 307, 314, 494; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xii. pp. 182,183.) [P.S]

Sabi'nus

(Σεβῖνος), a physician, and one of the most eminent of the ancient commentators on Hippocrates, who lived before Julianus (Galen, Adv. Julian. 100.3. vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 255), and was tutor to Metrodorus (id. Comment. in Hippoor. "Epid. III." 1.4. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 507, 8), and Stratonicus (id. de Atra Bile, 100.4. vol. v. p. 119), and must therefore have lived about the end of the first century after Christ. Galen frequently quotes him, and controverts some of his opinions, but at the same time allows that he and Rufus Ephesius (who is commonly mentioned in conjunction with him) comprehended the meaning of Hippocrates better than most of the other commentators (Galen, de Ord. Libror. suor. vol. xix. p. 58: comp. Comment. in Hippocr. "Epid. VI." ii. vol. xvii. pt.i. p. 849.) It is not known whether Sabinus commented on the whole of the Hippocratic Collection; the quotations, &c. in Galen only relate to the Aphorisms, Epidemics, de Natura Hominis, and de Humoribus ; and Aulus Gellius has preserved a fragment of his commentary on the treatise de Alimento (3.16). See Littré's Oeuvres d'Hippocr. vol. i. p. 101, &c. [W.A.G]

Sabi'nus, Albius

was a coheres with Cicero. It is in reference to him that Cicero speaks of the Albianum negotium. (Cic. Att. 13.14, 14.18, 20.)

Sabi'nus, Ase'llius

received a magnifi cent reward from Tiberius for a dialogue, in which he had introduced a contest between a mushroom, a fidecula, an oyster, and a thrush. (Suet. Tib. 42.)

Sabi'nus, Asi'dius

a rhetorician men tioned by the elder Seneca (Suas. 2).

Sabinus , Cala'vius

commanded the twelfth legion under Caesennius Paetus in his unfortunate campaign in Armenia, A. D. 62. (Tac. Ann. 15.7.)

Sabi'nus, Ca'tius

was consul under Caracalla in A.D. 216 with Cornelius Anulinus. This was the second consulship of Sabinus; but his first does not occur in the Fasti. (Cod. Just. 2. tit. 19. s. 7; 9. tit. 32. s. 3, et alibi.)

Sabi'nus, Cornelius

a tribune of the praetorian troops, was, after Cassius Chaerea, tire principal conspirator against Caligula, and gave him one of the fatal blows. Upon the execution of Chaerea by Claudius, Sabinus voluntarily put an end to his own life, disdaining to survive the associate of his glorious deed (D. C. 59.29, 9.3; Suet. Calig. 58; J. AJ 19.1, 4).

Sabi'nus, Domi'tius

is mentioned as one of the principal centurions (primipilares) in Galba's army at Rome in A. D. 69 (Tac. Hist. 1.31). We find mention of a Domitius Sabinus, a tribune of the soldiers, who served under Vespasian and Titus in the Jewish war. (Joseph. B. J. 3.7.34, 5.8.1.)

Sabi'nus, Fa'bius

[See above, Sabnus, consularis, p. 688a.]

Sabi'nus, Fla'vius

1. T. Flavius Sabinus, the father of the emperor Vespasian, was himself the son of T. Flavius Petro, who had served as a centurion in the army of Pompey at Pharsalia. Sabinus had been one of the farmers of the tax of the quadragesima in Asia, which he collected with so much fairness that many cities erected statues to his honour with the inscription καλῶς τελωνήσαντι. He afterwards carried on business as a money-lender among the Helvetians, and died in their country, leaving two sons, Sabinus and Vespasian, afterwards emperor. (Suet. Vespo. 1.)

Sabi'nus, Fla'vius

2. Flavius Sabinus, the elder son of the preceding, and the brother of the emperor Vespasian. He is first mentioned in the reign of Claudius, A. D. 45, when he served under Plautius in Britain, along with his brother Vespasian (D. C. 9.20). He afterwards governed Moesia for seven years, and held the important office of praefectus urbis during the last eleven years of Nero's reign. He was removed from this office by Galba, but was replaced in it on the accession of Otho, who was anxious to conciliate Vespasian, who commanded the Roman legions in the East. He continued to retain the dignity under Vitellius, and made the soldiers in the city swear allegiance to the new emperor. But when Vespasian was proclaimed general by the legions in the East, and Antonius Primus and his other generals in the West, after the defeat of the troops of Vitellius, were marching upon Rome, Vitellius, despairing of success, offered to surrender the empire, and to place the supreme power in the hands of Sabinus till the arrival of his brother. The German soldiers of Vitellius, however, refused submission to this arrangement, and resolved to support their sovereign by arms. Sabinus had now gone too far to retreat; and, as he had not sufficient forces to oppose the troops of Vitellius, he took refuge in the Capitol. In the following night he caused his own children and Domitian, his brother's son, to be brought into the Capitol, and despatched a messenger to Vespasian's generals, begging for immediate assistance. On the following day the soldiers of Vitellius advanced to attack the Capitol. In the assault the houses next the Capitol were set on fire, whether by the besiegers or the besieged, is uncertain. The flames spread to the Capitol, which was eventually burnt to the ground (December, A. D. 69). Sabinus, who was worn out by old age, and who had lost his presence of mind in the danger, was taken prisoner, and dragged before Vitellius, who in vain endeavoured to save him from the fury of the soldiers. While Vitellius was standing before the steps of the palace, they stabbed Sabinus, mangled his body, cut off his lead, and dragged his remains to the place where the corpses of malefactors were thrown (in Gemonias). His children and his nephew Domitian made their escape. When the generals of Vespasian obtained possession of the city, the remains of Sabinus were interred with the honour of a censor's funeral. Sabinus was a man of distinguished reputation, and of unspotted character. He had been engaged in military service for thirty-five years, and was equally illustrious in peace and in war. During the seven years that he had governed Moesia, and the twelve years he had held the praefecture of the city, the only charge ever brought against him was a too great copiousness of speech. It was universally agreed, that before Vespasian became emperor, the dignity of the family centred in Sabinus. He left two sons, Flavius Sabinus [No. 4], and Flavius Clemens [Clemens.] (Plut. Oth. 5; Tac. Hist. i 46, 2.55, 3.64-74, 4.47; D. C. 15.17; Suet. Vesp. 1, Vitell. 15; Joseph. B. J. 4.10.3, 4.11.4; Eutrop. 7.12; Aurel. Vict. Caes. 8.)

Sabi'nus, Fla'vius

3. T. Flavius Sabinus. was consul suffectns with M. Caelius Sabins in May and June, A. D. 69. He was one of the generals appointed by Otho to oppose the forces of Vitellius, but after the victory of the latter he made his submission to the conqueror (Tac. Hist. 1.77, 2.36,51). We have followed Tillemont (Histoire des Emperers, "Note 1 sur Othon ") in making this T. Flavius Sabinus a different person from the praefect of the city mentioned above. Tacitus nowhere speaks of them as the same person, and it is moreover unlikely that the praefect of the city would have been sent away from Rome. Besides which, we find that after the death of Otho, the consul Flavius Sabinus caused his troops in the north of Italy to submit to the generals of Vitellius (Tac. Hist. 2.51), while the praefect of the city at the same time made the city cohorts at Rome swear allegiance to Vitellius (Tac. Iist. 2.55). In addition to which we learn from inscriptions that the praenomen of the consul was Titus. The praenomen of the praefect of the city is not mentioned by Tacitus, but it could not have been Titus, as that was the praenomen of Vespasian. A difficulty, however, still remains, namely, why the younger brother Vespasian bore the surname of his father contrary to the general usage. But to this we reply, that it may have happened in this case, as in others, that there was a brother older than the other two, named Titus, who died after the birth of the future praefect of the city, but before the birth of Vespasian, and that the praenomen of the father was then given to the child born next.

Sabi'nus, Fla'vius

4. Flavius Sabinus, the son of the praefect of the city [No. 2], was besieged with his father in the Capitol. but escaped when it was burnt down. He married Julia, the daughter of his cousin Titus. He was consul A. D. 82, with his cousin Domitian, but was afterwards slain by the emperor, on the frivolous pretext that the herald in proclaiming his consulship had called him Imperator instead of consul. Domitian's love for his wife was perhaps the real reason of his death. (D. C. 65.17; Philostr. Apollon. Tyan. 7.3; Suet. Dom. 10.)

Sabi'nus, Ju'lius

a Lingon, joined in the revolt of Classicus, A. D. 70, his ambition being excited not only by his natural vanity, but ty a false idea that he was descended from Julius Caesar. He ordered his followers to salute him as Cuesar; and with a large irregular body of Lingons he attacked the Sequani, and was defeated. He fled to a villa belonging to him, which he burnt, that he might be supposed to have perished in the flames, and hid himself in some subterranean chambers, where he was kept concealed for nine years by his friends and his wife Epponina, or Peponila. He was at length captured, taken to Rome, and there put to death by order of Vespasian. (Tac. Hist. 4.55, 67; D. C. 66.3, 16; Plut. Erot. 25, pp. 770, 771; Classicus..) [P.S]

Sabi'nus, Massu'rius

a hearer of Ateius Capito, was a distinguished jurist in the time of Tiberius, and he lived under Nero also, for the passage in Gaius (2.218) must certainly refer to this Sabinus, and not to Caelius. This is the Sabinus from whom the school of the Sabiniani took its name. [Capito.] Massurius was nearly fifty years of age before he was admitted into the Equestris Ordo, and he is said to have been poor enough to require pecuniary assistance from his hearers. He obtained under Tiberius the Jus Respondendi, which is a proof of his reputation as a jurist; and it is further evidence of this, that the Sabiniani took their name not from Capito, but from his more distinguished pupil. There is no direct excerpt from Sabinus in the Digest, but he is often cited by other jurists, who commented upon his Libri tres Juris Civilis. Pomponius wrote at least thirty-six Libriad Sabinum, Ulpianus at least fifty-one, and Paulus at least forty-seven books. This fact in itself shows that the work of Massurius must have been considered to be a great authority. It is conjectured, but it is pure conjecture, that the arrangement was the same as that of the Libri XVIII. Juris Civilis of Q. Mucius Scaevola.

A passage from Massurius is quoted by Gellius (10.15), who, in another passage (3.16), quotes a passage of Plinius (H. N. 7.5), in which Plinius quotes Massurius for a case in which a woman declared that she had gone thirteen months with child. Gellius (4.1, 2) quotes the second book of Massurius on the Jus Civile. In another pas sage (5.13) Gellius quotes the third book of the same work. In the fourteenth book (100.2) he alludes to the same work, under the name of Commentarii. It is conjectured that Persius means to refer to the same work (Sat. 5.90),when he says--

"Excepto si quid Masuri rubric vetavit."

On which see the note of Heinrich. Massurius is also mentioned by Arrian (Epist. 4.3, Μασσουρίου νόμους). If Athenaeus (i. p. 1c.) means this Massurius, his chronology is in great confusion.

Numerous other works of Massurius are cited by name in the Digest: Commentarii de indigenis Libri Memoralium, Fasti in two books at least (Macr. 1.4), at least two books of Responsa (Dig. 14. tit. 2. s. 4), apparently a commentary Ad Edictum (Dig. 38. tit. 1. s. 18), and Libri ad Vitellium. The fragments of the Libri Memorialium and of the Fasti are collected in Frotscher's Sallust. (Grotius, Vitae Jurisconsult.; Zimmern, Geschichta des Röm. Pricatrechts, 1.84; Puchta, Instit. 1.99, and § 116, on the Jus Respondendi.) [G.L]

Sabi'nus, M. Miina'tius

a legate of Cn. Pompeius the younger, whose name appears on coins. [See Vol. III. p. 489.]

Sabi'nus, Nymphi'dius

[Nymphidius.]

Sabi'nus, Obultro'nius

[Obultronius.]

Sabi'nus, O'ppius

[Oppius, No. 18.]

Sabi'nus, Osto'rius

a Roman eques, accused Barea Soranus and his daughter Servilia in, A. D. 66, and was rewarded by Nero with a large sum of money, and the insignia of the quaestorship. (Tac. Ann. 16.23, 30, 33.) [Barea Soranus.]

Sabi'nus, L. Plo'tius

a Roman artist, who is only known by an inscription, in which he is described as a carver in ivory, Eborarius. (Reines. cl. xi. No. cxxii.; R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, p. 400. 2d ed.) [P.S]

Sabi'nus, Pompo'nius

or with his full name Julius Pomponius Sabinus, is sometimes quoted as an ancient grammarian, but is the same as Pomponius Laetus, who lived at the revival of learning.

Sabi'nus, Poppaeus

consul in A. D. 9, with Q. Sulpicius Camerinus. He was appointed in the life-time of Augustus, governor of Moesia ; and Tiberius in the year after his accession, A. D. 15, not only confirmed him in his government of Moesia, but gave him in addition the provinces of Achaia and Macedonia. He continued to hold these provinces till his death in A. D. 35, having ruled over Moesia for twenty-four years. In A. D. 26, he obtained the triumphal ornaments on account of a victory which lie had gained over some Thracian tribes. He did not belong to a distinguished family, and was indebted for his long continuance in his government to his possessing respectable, but not striking abilities. He was the maternal grandfather of Poppaea Sabina, the mistress, and afterwards the wife of Nero. (Dio Cass. Index, lib. lvi.; Suet. Vesp. 2; Tac. Ann. 1.80, 4.46, 5.10, 6.39, 13.45; D. C. 58.25.)

Sabi'nus, T. Sici'nius

consul B. C. 487, with C. Aquillius Tuscus, carried on war against the Volsci, and obtained a triunlph, as we learn from the Capitoline Fasti and Dionysius, though Livy savs "cum Volscis aequo Marte discessum est." Dionysius calls him T. Siccius. (Fasti Capit.; Dionys. A. R. 8.64, 67; Liv. 2.40.) Sicinius served afterwards, as legatus, under the consul M. Fabius Vibulanus in B. C. 480. (Dionys. A. R. 9.12, 13.)

Sabi'nus, Ti'tius

a distinguished Roman eques, was a friend of (iermainicus, and was consequoitly hated by Sijains. To please this powerful fatvourite, Lmtinlis Latiaris, who was a friend of Sabinus, induced the latter to speak in unumarded terms both of Sejanus and Tiberins, and then betrayed his confidcilce. Sabiius was executed in prison, and his body thrown out upon the Gemonian steps, and cast into the Tiber. The ancient writers mention the fidelity of the dog of Sabinus, which would not desert his master, and which tried to bear up his corpse when thrown into the Tiber. (Tac. Ann. 4.18, 19, 68, 70, 6.4; D. C. 58.1; Plin. Nat. 8.40. s. 61.)

Sabi'nus, Q. Titu'rius

one of Caesar's legates in Gaul, is first mentioned in Caesar's campaign against the Remi, in B. C. 57. In the following year, B. C. 56, he was sent by Caesar with three legions against the Unelli, Curiosolitae, and Lexovii (in Normandy), who were led by Viridovix. He gained a great victory over the forces of Viridovix, and all the insurgent states submitted to his authority. In B. C. 54 Q. Titurius Sabinus and L. Aurunculeius Cotta were stationed for the winter in the territory of the Eburones with a legion and five cohorts. They had not been more than fifteen days in the country before they were attacked by Ambiorix and Cativolcus. On this occasion Sabinus did not show the same resolution as Cotta, and it was owilng to his fatal resolution to trust himself to the safe conduct of Ambiorix that the Roman troops, as well as Sabinus and Cotta, were destroyed, as is related more fully in the life of Cotta. [Vol. I. p. 869. (Caes. Gal. 2.5, 3.11, 17_19, 5.24-37 ; D. C. 39.45, 40.5, 6; Suet. Jul. 25 ; Liv. Epit. 106; Flor. 3.10; Oros. 6.10; Eutrop. 6.14.)

The annexed coin was struck by a Titurius Sabinus, but it is uncertain who he was.

Sabi'nus Tyro

the author of a treatise on horticulture, which he dedicated to Maecenas. All that we know with regard to this writer and his work is to be found in the notice of Pliny Plin. Nat. 19.10). "Ferroque non expedire tangi rutam, cunilam, mentam, ocimum, auctor est Sabinus (al. Sabinius) Tyro in libro Cepuricôn quem Maecenati dicavit." [W.R]

Sabi'nus, Vec'tius

of the Ulpian family, was the senator upon whose motion, according to Capitolinus, Balbinus and Maximus were nominated joint emperors. Upon their elevation he was appointed Praefectus Urbi. (Capitolin. Max. et Balb. 2, 4.) [W.R]

Sabīnus adj.,

• of the Sabini, Sabine, C., L., H.: herba, a kind of juniper, savin (used for incense), O.—As substn.: vile (sc. vinum), Sabine wine, H. —Plur: Satis beatus unicis Sabinis (sc. praediis), with my Sabine country-seat, H.

Sabīnus, Masurius

One of the most celebrated Roman jurists, a pupil of Ateius Capito in the time of Tiberius, and founder of the school of jurists called after him, that of the Sabiniani. See Ateius Capito; iurisprudentia.