forceps

forceps , ipis, f.: a pair of tongs, pincers, 8.453.

forceps, cĭpis (gen. plur. forcipium, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 74), m. and f. (m., Cels. 7, 12; 8, 4; f., Ov. M. 12, 277) [root in Sanscr. ghar-mas, glow, warmth; Gr. θερ-, θέρμη, θέρος; Lat. for-mus, for-nus, fornax and cap-io], a pair of tongs, pincers, forceps (cf.: forfex, volsella): forcipem invenit Cinyra Agriopae filius, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 195.

• I Lit.: Cyclopes versant tenaci forcipe ferrum, Verg. G. 4, 175; firetongs, id. A. 12, 404; Ov. M. 12, 277: uncis forcipibus dentes evelleret, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 74 P.; pincers for drawing teeth, Cels. 7, 12; 8, 4; and for other surgical purposes, id. 7, 5; Col. 6, 26, 2: compressa forcipe lingua, Ov. M. 6, 556: ceu guttura forcipe pressus, id. ib. 9, 78: ferrei, iron tongs or hooks attached to a tackle, and which, by firmly grasping a mass of stone or marble, raise it aloft, Vitr. 10, 2 (al. forfices).—
• II Transf., a kind of battlearray, with diverging wings, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. serra, p. 344 Müll.; Gell. 10, 9, 1; Veg. Mil. 3, 18 (al. forfex).

forceps, cipis, c. (aus formus, heiß = θερμός u. capio, eig. das Heiße fassend), die Zange, I) eig., die Z. der Metallarbeiter, Verg. Aen. 8, 453; georg. 4, 175. Ov. met. 12, 277. Hieron. epist. 18, 14. – als Marterwerkzeug, Ov. met. 6, 556 u. 9, 78. – als Instrument des Chirurgen, Verg. Aen. 12, 404. Cels. 7, 5, 2 u. 4: bes. zum Ausziehen der Zähne, Cels. 7, 12, 1. Lucil. 401 u. 403. Varro sat. Men. 441. – II) übtr., eine Art Schlachtordnung, wo die Flügel auseinander gingen, die Zange, Cato de re mil. fr. 11 (bei Fest. 344 [b], 12). Amm. 16, 11, 3. – ➳ Genet. Plur. forcipium, Lucil. 401. – Nach Brandis de aspiratione Latina (Bonnae 1881) ist forceps die ursprüngliche Form, dann forfex u. dann forpex, w. s.

forceps [CL] 1 tongs, pincers; b (w. ref. toIs. vi 6). c scissors, shears. nequaquam ‥ mallei durities vel rubiginosae ~cipis [gl.: tange] ac forficis [gl.: scearen] tenacitas spreta despicitur Aldh. VirgP 9; ~cipibus ‥ igneis, quos tenebant in manibus, minitabantur me comprehendere Bede HE V 12 p. 306; ~ceps, tong GlC F 286; daemones ‥ / ‥ / meque minantur / prendere forcipibus Alcuin SS Ebor 948; ferarii ~cipibus ea lege utuntur B. Ep. 387; quomodo fabro ‥ operanti inheserit malleus dextro et ~ceps sinistro palmo V. Kenelmi B f. 82va; cum clavis et malleis, cum forcifibus, cum gladiis ‥ et arcubus accurrebant R. Cold. Cuthb. 30; Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 218 (v. forfex a); [massam] coctam transmittit ab igne recenti / forceps incudi Vinsauf PN 816; 1391 [one pair of pincers] fortisipium Cal. Pl. Mem. Lond. III 212; CathA (v. forcipula).  b carbone ignito de altari ~cipe Cherubin advecto Gildas EB 72; aderit sed calculus ignis, / forcipe vatidicum solitus purgare libellum Frith. 4.  c femina ~cipibus quas tenebat inguina suffodit W. Malm. GP IV 163; qui ob nimium dominorum unguem, si forte rudi sectum ~cipe reperiant ‥ fremunt P. Blois Opusc. 1023C; ~cipe quam manu gestabat ‥ virilia visus est illi resecuisse Gir. GE II 17 p. 247; illa ‥ cum digitis ~cipes exprimens ‥ signo innuebat quod pratum tonsum fuit Latin Stories 13; 1556 par forcepum ‥ ij s. vj d. KR Ac 428/10 f. 27 (cf. ib. 427/18/20: sheres). 2 (claw or pincer of) crab. cancer, ~ceps, crabba, hœfer, bite GlH C 199. 3 beak (of bird). volucres avino ~cipe pipant Felix Guthl. 19; corvus ‥ cartulam ‥ rapido ~cipe [gl.: i. bile] arripuit Ib. 37; Ib. 39 (v. avinus). 4 nib (of pen). 928 hanc ‥ breviculam atrae fuscationis pallore depictam ac lacrimosa virginei ~cipis destillatione foedatam signo sanctae ‥ crucis corroboravi CS 663; 930 (v. campulus b).

forceps, (13) ĭpis, m. f. , tenailles, pinces [de forgeron] : Virg. G. 4, 175 || fortes pinces [pour serrer et enlever les pierres] : Vitr. Arch. 10, 2 || pinces, tenettes, forceps, davier : Virg. En. 12, 404 ; Col. Rust. 6, 26, 2 ; Cels. Med. 7, 12 || espèce dʼordre de bataille : Cat. d. Fest. 344, 12 ; Gell. 10, 9, 1 ; Veg. Mil. 3, 19 || pinces de lʼécrevisse : Plin. 11, 97.

➳ gén. pl. forcipium Lucil. Sat. 401.

forceps , ipis. m.
鉗子。鑷子。

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forceps cipis, f

• 2 FOR-+CAP-, a pair of tongs, pincers, forceps: versant tenaci forcipe ferrum, V.: compressā forcipe linguā, O.

FORCEPS

FORCEPStongs, pincers, nippers or pliers, were used in antiquity for the same purposes, and with many of the same varieties of shape, a. in modern times.

1. A pair of tongs (πυράγρα, θερμαστρίς), for taking heated metal out of the fire or holding it upon the anvil; used by smiths, and therefore attributed to Vulcan and the Cyclopes: see cuts under INCUSand MALLEUS(Hon. Il. 18.477, Od. 3.434; Callim. Hymn. in Del. 144; Verg. G. 4.175, Aen. 8.453 forcipe curva, Ov. Met. 12.277)

2. As a surgical instrument, a forceps (λαβίς, Hippocr.). Several specimens found at Pompeii are figured under CHIRURGIAp. 415 a, and by Guhl and Koner, p. 707, ed. 5. Among special kinds may be mentioned one for extracting spear-or arrow-heads from wounds (Verg. A. 12.404, where Servius gives ἀρδιοθήρα as the Greek equivalent); another for drawing teeth (Cels. 7.12.1), in Greek ὀδοντάγρα, described at some length by Aristotle (Mechan. 21), who, here at least, uses θερμαστρὶς as apparently an equivalent term; a variety for extracting the roots of teeth (Cels. l. c.), for which ῥιζάγρα is quoted from Paulus Aegineta.

3. In military language, a tenaille; in which sense, however, FORFEXis more used (Ammian. 16.11.3)

The word was derived by the ancient etymologists from forvus or formus, hot (Fest. pp. 84, 91, M.; Serv. ad Verg. ll. cc.); this however, though accepted in some modern dictionaries of repute, as well as by Curtius, Gr. Etym. 486, is appropriate only to one of its meanings. It is hardly possible to separate forceps from forfex and forpex; and the first syllable in each is best explained with Donaldson (Varron. 2 p. 297) as referring to the opening or door (foris) which these instruments make in order to grasp the object. (Blümner, Technol. &c. ii. pp. 192, 193.)

[W.S] [W.W]

Forceps

Tongs, pincers, nippers, or pliers, used in antiquity for various purposes. (1) A pair of tongs (πυράγρα, θερμαστρίς) for taking heated metal out of the fire, or holding it upon the anvil; used by smiths, and therefore attributed to Vulcan and the Cyclopes. (See incus.)

(2) As a surgical instrument, a forceps (λαβίς, Hippocr.). Several specimens found at Pompeii are figured under chirurgia.

(3) In military language, a tenaille; in which sense, however, forfex is more used (Amm. Marc. xvi. 11. 3). See forfex.