olla

olla, ae (old form aula: aulas antiqui dicebant, quas nos dicimus ollas, quia nullam litteram geminabant. Itaque aulicocia exta, quae in ollis coquebantur, dicebant, id est elixa, Fest. p. 23 Müll.—Examples with aula, for olla, are found in Cato R. R. 52, 1; 81; 85 sq.; Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 20 (390); 22 (392); 3, 6, 44 (580); 47 (583); 4, 2, 4 (611); 7 (614); id. Capt. 1, 1, 21 (89); 4, 2, 66 (846) et saep.; Inscr. Orell. 2473; 3001; 4537 sqq.; cf. also Non. 543, 8), f. [root uk-, Sanscr. ukha, pot; aula for aukula],

• a pot or jar: quadrilibrem aulam onustam auro habeo, Plaut. Aul. 5, 1, 2 (809); Varr. ap. Non. 543, 12: ollam denariorum implere, Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4: fictilis, Col. 8, 8, 7: monendus qui vasa emturus est, ne bibulas aut male coctas emat, id. 12, 43, 11: ET OLLAS PRECATI SVNT, Inscr. Fratr. Arv. tab. 41 a; cf. Marini Atti, p. 593: grandes fumabant pultibus ollae, Juv. 14, 171.—For preserving the ashes of the dead, Inscr. Grut. 865, 10; cf. Inscr. Orell. 4544; Jahn, Specim. Epigr. p. 29 sq.—Prov.: olla male fervet, the pot boils poorly, i.e. the affair looks bad, Petr. 38, 13: ipsa holera olla legit, the pot culls its own herbs, i.e. serves itself, Cat. 94, 2: vultus redigentur in ollam, made as black as a pot, Vulg. Joel, 2, 6.—
• • • 2 Trop.: olla cujus rubigo in eā est, i.e. the city full of the vile, Vulg. Ezech. 24, 6.

ōlla, ae, f. (eig. ola = 2. aula, w. vgl.), der Topf, Hafen, zum Kochen usw., Cato u.a.: olla parvula, Paul. ex Fest.: aënea, Hieron.: olla fictilis, Colum.: grandis, Iuven.: ollam denariorum implere, Cic.: olerum fasciculos in ferventem ollam deiciunt, Hieron. – Sprichw., ipsa olera olla legit, (viell.) der Topf bedient sich selbst, Catull. 94, 2: olla male fervet, wenn der Topf nicht mehr überläuft (wenn es nicht mehr hoch hergeht), Petron. 38, 13. – ➳ arch. Nbf. aula, s. 2. aula u. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. unter olla.

1 olla [CL], ~um 1 jar, pot, or sim.; b (w. ref. to Exod. xvi 3); c (w. ref. to IV Reg. iv 40); d (dist. acc. material); e (dist. acc. function); f (fig.). amulus, vasa aenea in modum ~ae GlC A 530; lebetas, ~as Ib. L 102; seriem [? l. seriam], ollim [? l. ollam] Ib. S 260; 1227 Willelmus filius Siwardi ‥ cecidit in ~am estuwantem et obiit (AssizeR Kent) JustIt 358 m. 16d.; figulus quidam laborans in sabulo ad ~arum compositionem Mir. Wulfst. I 15; 1274 [a pot] ~um [of wine] Cal. IPM II 71 p. 51.  b desiderabant ~as carnium et manna fastidiebant Ailr. Serm. 40. 18; nec amplius suspirem ad ~as carnis quas reliqui in Egypto Id. Spec. Car. I 1. 505.  c 790 vae, vae, mors in ~a, o homo Dei! Alcuin Ep. 8.  d lagonam, vas lapideum, ~o, i. crog Gl. Leid. 29. 47; 1201 robavit ei loricas suas, galeas, caligas ferreas, et ~as suas ereas SelPlCrown 41; 1286 Milisand ‥ arsa fuit per unum ~um eneum in domo Roberti tinctoris Eyre Chester 12. 2. 3; 1295 in viij ~is de ligno pro servisia iiij s. vj d. KR Ac 5/7 m. 2; 1296 cum ~is terre ad eamdem cole ebullandam Ac. Galley Newcastle 182; 1363 in iiij ~is lut[eis] emptis pro fumerell’ [chimney pot] aule regis in parco de Rayle,iiij s. viij d. KR Ac 464/6 f. 4d.; 1447 ~arum ‥ de argento et corio (v. ferrarius 2); sex ~as argenti et deaurat’ bene ‥ xij ~as argenti potellers Test. Hen. V 98.  e antequam adeps Domino offerretur ex ~is carnes Gildas EB 69; 946 (14c) in quandam ~am Vulcani ligatis proitietur menbris CS 818; s1139 hostes inde repulsi, quoniam olla [? as lamps or beacons] succensa erant, ‥ aquilonis portis civitatis ingressum petunt J. Worc. 57; 1172 pro x ~is galear’ [? skull-piece of helmet] ad opus regis Pipe 46; succumbunt in temptatione, redeunt ad ~as pistrinas Serlo Gram. Mon. Font. 31; sicut ~a ad coquendum epulum M. Scot Phys. 1 f. 10ra; 1272 in ij ~is ad inponendum buturum ij d. Ac. Stratton 191; 1298 in ij ollis ad cervisiam j d. Rec. Elton 66; s1428 ad prandia sua omittant unam allam de frixura Chr. S. Alb. 29; per 3 dies et noctes lenta decoccione ~a obturata ad figendum pone Ripley 217.  f 796 et in angusto pectoris antro caritatis ~a fervescit Alcuin Ep. 99. 2 a (w. ref. to making of pots); b (w. ref. to cooking with pots). a a1172 (1297) sciatis nos concessisse ‥ ad predictum manerium de Newent unam blessagham ‥ et terram suam ad ~as (Cart. Newent. f. 50) Reg. Heref. 250; de ‥ hominibus Cantuarie qui sunt lattantes et scottantes et eorum ~a cocta in archiepiscopatu Cust. Fordwich 21.  b sic ollis niger, sic furva sartagine teter / per totam noctem praeses diluditur amens Aldh. VirgV 2238.

1 ōlla, (14) æ, f. , ¶ 1 pot, marmite : Cato Agr. 52, 1 ; Pl. Aul. 390 ; Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4 ; olla male fervet Petr. 38, 13, la marmite bout mal [on fait une mauvaise cuisine] ¶ 2 urne cinéraire : CIL 6, 15356.

➳ ancienne forme aula Pl. , Cato.

2 olla, de olle ou ollus.

olla , ae. f.
鍋。

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ōlla ae, f

• VC-, a pot, jar, C., H., Iu.—Prov.: ipsa holera olla legit, the pot culls its own herbs, Ct.

OLLA

OLLAant. AULA (Plaut. Aulul., passim), a word used much in the same sense as our word jar or pot, and corresponding most nearly perhaps to the Greek χύτρος, χύτρα: a vase which might be of almost any shape, but which, with a view to capacity, would no doubt usually be of a somewhat bellying form.

The olla was made of various materials, according to the purpose for which it was intended: thus of ollae which were destined for cooking purposes, the material would be either bronze (aenum, Ovid, Ov. Met. 7.318) or different kinds of stone which were turned upon the lathe. At Pleurs, a village near Chiavenna to the north of the Lake of Como, the manufacture of vessels from the potstone in a neighbouring mountain is still carried on, and has probably existed there from the time of Pliny, who makes express mention of it (H. N. 36. § § 22, 44). Some of these vessels are nearly two feet in diameter, and, being adapted to bear the fire, are used for cooking. ( Oculis observare ollam pultis, ne aduratur, Varro, ap. Non. Marcell. p. 543, ed. Merceri; Festus, s . v. Aulas.)

The most ordinary material was earthenware (testacea); and in this material the olla would be adapted to various uses, principally no doubt for holding solids or liquids and keeping them in store. Thus we read of an olla filled with denarii (Cic. Fam. 9.1. 8); with resin (Martial, Mart. 12, 32); and with oil (Plin. Nat.37.10). Fruit was in this manner preserved (Plin. Nat.15.22); and from this circumstance the adjective ollaris came to mean preserved (uvae ollares, Colum. 12.43; Martial; 7.20).

The Romans as well as the Greeks used pots for holding and for growing flowers (Cato, de Re R. 51: see VAS): those which were intended for growing seeds would have the bottom perforated (Plin. Nat.17.10, where a seed of pine is sown in such a perforated olla).

In certain sacrificial rites, hand-made ollae continued to be used down to a late period, in memory of the primitive construction of those of the old cult. They remained in an unchanged form, as is shown by the examples which were found in the sanctuary of the Fratres Arvales, which, though of a quite late epoch, are still of rough workmanship and hand-made. (See Giornale Arcadico, lviii. (Giulio, 1868, tav. iv. Nos. 1-18.)

Another very remarkable use of these vessels of earthenware among the Greeks was to put infants into them to be exposed (Aristoph. Ran. 1188, Schol. ad loc.; Moeris, s. v. ἐγχυτρισμός), or to be carried anywhere (Aristoph. Thesm. 512-516; Schol. ad loc.). Hence the exposure of children was called ἐγχυτρίζειν (Hesych. s. v.), and the miserable women who practised it ἐγχτριστρίαι (Suidas, s. v.).

The term is also used to indicate both the urn (urna) in which the ashes of the dead were put, and also the niche in the tomb or columbarium in which the urn was placed. After some days, when the ashes had been dried in the sun, the nearest relatives of the deceased gathered them in an urn of clay, glass, marble, alabaster, other kinds of stone, bronze, silver, or these were called ollae. In the large public cemeteries in Rome a poor slave, or a person of limited means who could not afford a special grave, had to buy a niche called olla for his urn: these ollae were themselves objects. of presentation which the poorer classes made amongst one another, as the inscriptions show. Below the single olla was placed in this case a small inscription which contained the name of him whose bones lay in the urn, and which would be drawn up on the occasion of the gift and as a record of the gift (see C. I. L. 1.1047, &c.). A sepulchre which held several of these niches is called a schola ollarum (Reines. class. 16, n. 53).

In the year 1732 were found in a vineyard on the right of the Appian Way an extraordinary number of ollae of terracotta in a sepulchral chamber. They were all more or less of the same size, capacity, and form. Some good specimens of cinerary ollae are preserved in the British Museum in a small apartment in the basement, so constructed as to exhibit accurately the manner of arranging them.

Sometimes the ollae were buried up to the neck within the niches, so that the only part which showed was the tile or lid (operculum, ἐπίθημα), on which the name of the person whose ashes were contained inside was engraved (see Muratori, 1756, 7, ollae quae sunt operculis et titulis marmoreis). This lid generally corresponded in the material and the style of ornament with the olla itself (Hdt. 1.48; Col. de Re Rust. 12.48). Sometimes it was so arranged as to be sliding or movable, and might be depressed or raised so as to cover exactly the contents of the vessel it belonged to, like that now used for snuff and tobacco jars; this form of lid was called operculum ambulatorium. The Romans sometimes covered their beehives with lids of this kind, in order that the size of the honeycomb and hive might be exactly proportioned to each other (Plin. Nat.21.47; Rich, s. v.). From Olla we have the word Ollaria, another name for the niches in the columbaritum in which the cinerary urns (ollae) were placed.

[C.S]

Olla

and (anciently) Aula (χύτρα). A jar or pot of earthenware (rarely of metal) with a flat bottom, a wide mouth, with a lid, used by the ancients for a variety of purposes: (1) for cooking and preserving fruits; and

(2) for preserving the bones (olla ossuaria) and ashes (olla cineraria) of the dead (see cineraria; columbarium; funus; ollarium); and

(3) for exposing infants —this last in Greece ( Ran. 1188, with scholia).