pecten

pecten, ĭnis, m. [pecto], a comb.

• I Prop., for the hair, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18 (268); Ov. Am. 1, 14, 15: deducit pectine crines, id. M. 4, 311; 12, 409; Petr. 126, 2; Spart. Hadr. 26.—
• II Transf., of things resembling a comb.
• • A The reed or sley of a weaver's loom: arguto tenues percurrens pectine telas, Verg. A. 7, 14; Ov. F. 3, 819; cf. id. M. 6, 58; Varr. L. L. 5, 23, § 113.—
  • • 2 The weaver's art, weaving: victa est Pectine Niliaco jam Babylonis acus, Mart. 14, 150, 2.—
  • B An instrument for heckling flax or combing wool, a comb, card, heckle, Juv. 9, 30; Plin. 11, 23, 27, § 77; Claud. Eutr. 2, 382.—
  • C A rake: tonsam raro pectine verrit humum, Ov. R. Am. 191; Plin. 18, 30, 72, § 297; Col. 2, 20.—
  • D A clasping of the hands in distress, Ov. M. 9, 299.—Of the mingling of the oars of two vessels: mixtis obliquo pectine remis, Luc. 3, 609 dub. (al. pectore).—
  • E Pecten dentium, a row of teeth, Prud. στεφ. 10, 934.—
• F A stripe or vein in wood, Plin. 16, 38, 73, § 185.—
• G The hair of the pubes, Juv. 6, 370; Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 26.—Also, the sharebone, Cels. 8, 1.—
• H A kind of dance: Amazonius, Stat. Ach. 2, 156.—
• K An instrument with which the strings of the lyre were struck: jamque eadem digitis, jam pectine pulsat eburno, Verg. A. 6, 647 Serv.; Juv. 6, 382.—
• • • 2 Transf.
    • • a A lyre, Val. Fl. 3, 159.—
      • b A poem or song: dum canimus sacras alterno pectine Nonas, i.e. in distichs, Ov. F. 2, 121.—
• L A kind of shell-fish, a scallop: pectinibus patulis jactat se molle Tarentum, Hor. S. 2, 4, 34; Plin. 9, 33, 51, § 101; 9, 51, 74, § 160; 11, 37, 52, § 139; 11, 51, 112, § 267; 32, 11, 53, § 150.—
• M Pecten Veneris, a plant, perh. Venus's comb, needle-weed, Plin. 24, 19, 114, § 175.

pecten, inis, m. (pecto), der Kamm, I) eig., zum Kämmen der Haare, Plaut. u.a.: pectine cotidie expedire capillum, auskämmen, Fronto: deducere pectine crines, Ov.: flectere comas pectine, kräuseln, Petron. (vgl. fuit flexo ad pectinem capillo, er trug sein Haar in künstlichen Locken, Spart.): inter pectinem speculumque occupatus, Sen. – II) übtr.: a) der Kamm beim Weben, der Weberkamm, das Weberblatt, Verg. u. Ov.: dentes pectinis, Varro LL. 5, 113. – meton., die Weberkunst, das Weben, p. Niliacus, Mart. 14, 150, 2. – b) ein Werkzeug, Flachs zu riffeln, Wolle zu krempeln, die Riffel, Raufe, Krempel, Plin. 11, 77. – c) der Rechen, die Harke, Ov. u. Colum. – d) p. dentium, die kammförmige Reihe der Zähne, Prud. perist. 10, 934. – e) das Zusammenfalten der Hände in großer Angst usw., digiti inter se pectine iuncti, Ov. met. 9, 299. – u. das Verschlingen der Ruder zweier Schiffe, mistis obliquo pectine remis, Lucan. 3, 609. – f) die Ringe, Adern im Holze, Plin. – g) die Schamhaare, Plin. u. Iuven.: u. das Schambein, Cels. 8, 1 extr. – h) ein Tanz, wobei die Tanzenden sich gleichs. verflechten, Stat. Ach. 2, 159. – i) das Werkzeug, womit die Saiten auf der Laute angeschlagen werden, der Griffel, Verg. Aen. 6, 647. Iuven. 6, 382. – meton.: α) die Laute, Val. Flacc. 3, 160. – β) das Lied, alterno pectine, ein elegisches Lied (Hexameter und Pentameter abwechselnd), Ov. fast. 2, 121. – k) die Kammuschel, Hor. u. Plin. – l) p. Veneris, eine Pflanze, viell. Nadelkerbel, Hechelkamm, Plin. 24, 175.

pecten [CL as sb. m.; ML also as sb. n.] 1 comb; b (eccl.); c curry comb (for a horse); d wool-comb or sim.; e (fig.). ~en, camb GlC P 319; pectit eos eboris cum pectine flava Lycoris R. Cant. Malch. IV 563; ocium illarum erat ‥ mappulam et ~inem eburneum afferre, et barbam imperatoris pectere Ord. Vit. VII 5 p. 168; ~inis ocium Vinsauf PN 979 (v. discriminare 1b); 1205 item ij magna ~ina Pat 55; quod et ~en dicitur Neckam NR II 40 (v. discriminare 1b); hic ~en, peigne Gl. AN Glasg. f. 20va; ~en, ‥ hic, est instrumentum pectendi, a combe WW.  b tu furaris ‥ pecuniam fratrum nostrorum ‥ et cappas et cucullas et capita et ~ines Ælf. Bata 4. 31 p. 61; 1245 ~en argenteus in medio deauratus cum gravatura dentibus albis, ponderat ix s. Invent. S. Paul. 468; manitergium. ~en et mitra. cerotece et baculus Lib. Evesham 1; 1303 de uno ~ine eburneo donato ecclesie Sancti Pauli pro anima defuncti appretiato pro xij d. Ac. Exec. Ep. Lond. 50; 1368 ~en de ebore Invent. Norw. 117; quattuor ~ines eburnie cum custodibus dono episcoporum antecessorum ecclesie Reg. Aberd. II 187.  c 1338 in uno ~ine novo emp. pro le fyschors, iij d. Ac. Durh. 35; 1396 in ij ~inibus equinis emptis apud Bridlyngtone et Eboracum iiij d. Med. Stage II 288; s1406 strigilem ‥ quod instrumentum ~en est ad depulverisandum equos Chr. S. Alb. 2.  d ~en, bannuccamb Ælf. Sup. 188; lanam ‥ ~inibus ‥ depilant Garl. Dict. 135 (v. pectrix).  e hic lingue pectine comit facinora, hoc sale condiens peccati stercora Walt. Wimb. Palpo 84. 2 pubic bone, pubic region. est quidam qui a ~ine inferius membra habet dessicata, et extenuata, et motu voluntario destituta Quaest. Salern. P 98; incipiunt pili ‥ oriri in ~ine, unitas quorum dicitur femur M. Scot Phys. 2; in pectore et ~ine multi sunt [pili] et curti Gilb. II 74 (recte 76). 2; Libra habet lumbos et inferiora ventris, umbilicum et ~en et anchas et virilia et nates Rob. Angl. (II) (II) 167; ~en ‥ intelligo illud quod est inter virilia et vulvam et ventrem, prout venter in tria dividitur, sc. in ipocundria umblicum et ~inem Gad. 25 v. 2; ~en equivocum est ad locum circa membra venerea et ad id instrumentum dentale, vel sic, per ~inem intelligimus illum locum qui est inter virilia et ventrem SB 33; hec pubes, hic lanugo, hoc ~en, ‥ schere WW. 3 kind of fish, plaice. ~en a dispositione ossium dispositorum in modum dentium instrumenti illius quo crines discriminantur, quod et pecten dicitur, nomen accepit Neckam NR II 40; ~en, playce Teaching Latin I 159; ~en ‥ quidam pi[s]cis qui G. plaiz [dicitur] Ib. I 393; 13‥ piscator ‥ sive piscarius, qui vendit pisces, habeat ‥ sturgiones, cungros, ~ines sive †plaiceros [MS: plaiceos], lupos aquaticos sive luceos, ‥ mecaros sive makerellos (Nominale) Neues Archiv IV 340; conchelinis sunt et marinis piscibus utpote polypis, ostreis ‥ luciis, murenis, merlinis ~inibus, mullonibus ‥ utiliora Fordun Chr. II 2; hic fundulus, ‥ playsse. hic ~en, idem WW. 4 (in plant-name): a (~en lupi) wild teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris). b (~en Veneris) shepherd’s needle (Scandix Pecten-Veneris). a pentilupi [? l. pecten lupi], uulves comb Gl. Durh. 304; lupi ~en, tasyll MS Camb. UL Dd. 11. 45 f. 107v.  b ~en Veneris, sive Scandix, Shepheard’s Needle, or Venus combe (Gerard Herball II cccc 884) OED s. v. Venus 12b. 5 rank, row of a chorus. ~en, ordo chori, de carol (Garl. Aeq.) Teaching Latin I 143. 6 (applied to comb-shaped artefact): a slay, weaver’s instrument used to beat up the weft. b weave of cloth. c teeth of portcullis. d harrow. e rake. f plectrum. g battledore, washing beetle, or sim.. a sindonis peplum ‥ ~ine pulsante texebatur Aldh. VirgP 38; textrix telam stantem percurret pectine Neckam NR II 171; ~ines, lahaniurs, peynis, lannirus (Garl. Dict.) Teaching Latin II 139; ~ines, laniurs,A. sclees (Ib.) Ib. II 152; ~en ‥ est instrumentum ‥ textendi, a sleye WW; hec lamia, slay, hoc ~en, idem WW.  b ~ine (tele), spole, webb (Garl. Aeq.) Teaching Latin I 142.  c pectine ferrato tacitos suspendit in usus J. Exon. BT I 490.  d ~en, herce G. Teaching Latin I 90; c1300 quando debent herciare ‥ habebunt in bosco dominorum capitalium omne instrumentum ~inis preter quam navis lignenses ~inis et ollar’ equin’ lign’ Reg. S. Aug. I 194; ~en habet ‥ †colonis [l. colonus; gl.: herse] Alph. 143.  e ~en, rake, rastel (Neckam Ut.) Teaching Latin II 83.  f si vero quisquam chordarum respuit odas / et potiora cupit, quam pulset pectine chordas Aldh. VirgV 67; ~en habet ‥ citharista [gl.: plectron] Alph. 143.  g ~en ‥ a batyndore WW; hec [sic] feratorium, hoc ~en, a batylledore WW.

pecten, (12) ĭnis, m. (pecto), ¶ 1 peigne : Pl. Capt. 268 ; Petr. 126, 2 ; inter pectinem speculumque occupati Sen. Brev. 12, 3, qui passent leur temps entre le peigne et le miroir ¶ 2 peigne [dans le tissage] : Virg. En. 7, 14 ; Ov. F. 3, 819 || [fig.] = lʼart de peigner : pecten Niliacus Mart. 14, 150, 2, le tissage égyptien ¶ 3 carde : Plin. 11, 77 ¶ 4 râteau : Ov. Rem. 191 ; Col. Rust. 2, 20 ¶ 5 plectre [de lyre] : Virg. En. 6, 647 ; Juv. 6, 381 || [fig.] lyre : Val. Flacc. 3, 159 || chant : canere alterno pectine Ov. F. 2, 121, chanter en vers élégiaques ¶ 6 peigne de mer : Hor. S. 2, 4, 34 ; Plin. 9, 101 ¶ 7 poils sur le pubis : Plin. 29, 26 ; Juv. 6, 369 || les os pubis : Cels. Med. 8, 1 ¶ 8 veines [du bois] : Plin. 16, 185 || pecten Veneris Plin. 24, 175, peigne de Vénus, plante inconnue ¶ 9 [fig.] disposition en forme de peigne : digiti inter se pectine juncti Ov. M. 9, 299, doigts entrecroisés en forme de peigne || danse où les danseurs sʼentrecroisent : Stat. Ach. 2, 156.

pecten , inis. m.
梳子。篦。機梳。杷子。鐵鍤。彈琴之弓。小便毛。甲魚類。鳳尾草。木直紋。

Suggest a Translation
See an image

pecten inis, m

• PEC-, a comb(for the hair): deducit pectine crines, O.: digitis inter se pectine iunctis, i. e. interlocked, O.—The reed, sley(of a loom): arguto percurrens pectine telas, V.—A comb, card, heckle(for wool), Iu.—A rake: pectine verrit humum, O.—An instrument for striking the strings of the lyre: eburnus, V., Iu.: Dum canimus sacras alterno pectine Nonas, i. e. in distiches, O.—A kind of shell-fish, scallop, H.

PECTEN

PECTEN(κτείς). The use of the comb is almost universal, for it is known to all tribes who have learnt to weave. It is of pre-historic origin, since combs have been found in the cave-dwellings of the early Stone Age (Boyd Dawkins, Early Man, p. 267); while specimens made of bone, horn, and wood turn up in considerable numbers in the remains of the Swiss lake-villages (Keller, Lake Dwellings, pp. 119, 385, and 638, E. T.). Most of these early combs seem to have been used for weaving, or for the subsidiary processes of carding wool or heckling flax, and it would seem that they were employed for such purposes at least as soon as, if not sooner than, for dressing the hair. For its use in weaving, see TELAIt was also used for carding, a process which is mentioned by Homer (εἴρια ξαίνειν, Od. 22.423; and εἴρια πείκειν, Od. 18.316), as one of the ordinary household occupations. Naturally enough, mention of such menial every-day work is not common in literature, but there can be no doubt about the use of the comb for these purposes throughout the whole of antiquity. Thus Pliny says that it was used for working flax (H. N.]. 19.17) and silk (ib. 18.297), and from inscriptions (Gruter, 648, 2) we learn of the existence of a guild of pectinarii lanarii sodales. Elsewhere the heckler or carder is called pectinator (κτενιστής), or carminator.

Combs used for heckling and carding do not seem to have been as yet discovered in Greece or Italy, but iron heckling combs with a large number of sharp teeth have been found in Egyptian graves (Wilkinson, 3.140, No. 537). Much more common are the combs for hairdressing, which have been found in considerable numbers on almost every ancient site. Literature gives but little information of their use, except that it was considered a mark of boorishness to go about with uncombed hair (Juven. 14.194). The elaborate head-dresses shown on works of art, both Roman and Greek, are, however, in themselves quite sufficient to prove that the comb was an indispensable article of the toilet, especially in early times, when both men and women wore their hair long and carefully dressed. For the Spartan custom of combing their hair before a battle, see Hdt. 7.208.

Combs are not often shown on the monuments, but appear on some Roman portrait busts of ladies stuck as an ornament into an elaborate head-dress (Kurz and Weisser, Lebensbilder, pl. ix. fig. 17). On a sepulchral slab in Gori, Inscript. pl. 1. p. 10 (Baumeister, Denkmäler, fig. 827), a double fine-toothed comb is shown along with other toilet articles. Such combs have been found in great numbers in Greece proper, the Crimea, Etruria, Pompeii, &c., made of wood, bone, and ivory, all of the same pattern, being precisely similar to those found in Egypt, and to those used in the present day. Boxwood was a favourite material, and the comb is frequently spoken of as buxum simply (Ovid. Fast. 6.229; Juv. l. c.). Ivory, however, and bronze were also used; but this latter, at any rate, in most cases only for combs with one row of teeth, which had highly-decorated handles, and were evidently intended to be worn in the hair. These are not unlike combs used for the same purpose now, but have, as a rule, triangular or semicircular handles. Barbers were in the habit of cutting hair per pectinem, to ensure its not being too short (Plant. Capt. 2.2, 18).

Dictionaries will supply some other meanings of the words κτεὶς and pecten which need not be specified here. (See also Marquardt, Privatleben, p. 601; Baumeister, Denkmäler, p. 775; COMA)

[W.C.F.A]

Pecten

(κτείς). A comb for the hair made of boxwood (Mart.xiv. 25) or ivory. A comb with large teeth was called rarus pecten. For an illustration of an ancient comb, see the article dens.