insigne

insigne, is, n. [insignis],

• a mark, sign, signal; a distinctive mark, a badge of office (class.).
• • A Lit.: quod erat insigne, eum facere, etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133: Minerva singulare est insigne ejus gymnasii, id. Att. 1, 4, 3: bos in Aegypto etiam numinis vice colitur: Apim vocant. Insigne ei in dextro latere candicans macula, Plin. 8, 46, 71, § 184.—Plur.: sibi haberent honores ... sibi triumphos, sibi alia praeclarae laudis insignia, Cic. Pis. 9, 26.—
  • B A sign or badge of office or honor, a decoration: bulla erat indicium et insigne fortunae, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152; id. Div. 1, 17, 36; Liv. 25, 4; Suet. Aug. 35.—Esp. in plur., insignia, attire, uniform, costume, regalia, etc.: sedebat cum purpura, et sceptro, et insignibus illis regiis, Cic. Sest. 26, 57: imperatoris, Caes. B. C. 3, 96: sacerdotum, Liv. 3, 39: pontificalia, id. 10, 7: militaria, ornaments, probably on the helmets of the officers, Caes. B. G. 7, 45: triumphorum, Suet. Aug. 29: majestatis, Just. 10, 1, 3; cf.: horum (mundi et caeli) insignia, sol, luna, etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 100: vocis, the costume of a public singer, Juv. 8, 227. —
  • C A standard: navem Bruti, quae ex insigni facile agnosci poterat, i. e. the flag of the admiral's ship, Caes. B. C. 2, 6.—
  • D A signal: in praetoria nave insigne nocturnum trium luminum fore, Liv. 29, 25, 11.—
• II Trop., an honor: insignia virtutis multi sine virtute adsecuti sunt, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 1: laudis, id. Sull. 9, 26: orationis lumina et quodam modo insignia, brilliant passages, gems, id. Or. 39, 135 (v. the context): verborum et sententiarum insignia, id. de Or. 2, 9, 36; 3, 25, 96 al.

īnsīgne, is, n., s. īnsīgnisno. II.

insigne [CL], ~ium [LL], ~um 1 something worn or carried as mark of rank, status, or honour: a (royal or imperial); b (mil. or knightly); c (eccl.); d (acad.). a 10‥ accipe sceptrum regiae potestatis ~e Rec. Coronation 19; regalibus ~iis ornatus Wintonie procederet Gosc. Transl. Mild. 6 p. 163; Edbaldo filio regni tradens ~ia W. Malm. GR I 10; acceptis ~iis regni Diceto YH 358; quicquid in eo [sc. Haroldo] regalis erat ~ii duci deportatum est, signum sc. prostrationis regie Found. Waltham 21; hanc [sc. lanceam sacram] ad ~e et tutamentum imperii posteris reliquit Capgr. Hen. 9; s940 cum Eadmundus regalibus ~ibus esset sublimatus M. Par. Maj. I 452 (cf. Ciren. II 77: regalibus ~iis).  b de summis baronibus, qui omnibus militandi abjectus ~iis ‥ nomen suum ‥ mentiebantur G. Steph. 66; s1346 Edwardum filium suum ‥ ~iis militaribus decoravit Eul. Hist. III 207.  c 1169 ~a episcopalis eminentie in abbate nec approbo nec accepto P. Blois Ep. 90*. 283B; pontificalibus ~iis redimitus R. Cold. Cuthb. 132 p. 281; ad ampliorem itaque sancte Virginis honorem missarum sollemnia celebraturus, se pontificalibus ornavit ~ibus Mir. Fridesw. 43; 1481 mitra, cerotecis, sandalis et aliis pontificalibus ~iis uti Cart. Osney III 354; 1549 ~ia ‥ reverendi patris Offic. S. Andr. 140.  d tetigi quod licenciam michi annueret in logica et philosophia gradum suscipere baculariatus vel quod dicte sciencie ~ia poteram subintrare Regina Rhet. 201; 1447 volo quod executor meus ‥ ponat supra sepulcrum meum ‥ lapidem marmoreum cum effigie et ~ibus doctoris legum (Test.) MunAcOx 557. 2 emblem, symbol, artefact. b document. c coat of arms. relictis ibidem quibusdam ~iis suis, [sc. S. Brigide], viz. pera, monili, nola et textrilibus armis W. Malm. Glast. 12; 1315 omnibus ~iis parochialibus Melrose 407; his [sc. Wallensibus] vestium insignia / sunt chlamys et camisia / et crispa femoralia Higd. I 38 p. 400 (cf. Eul. Hist. II 134: †diurnia [v. l. insignia]); 1567 ~ia hujus regni sunt hostili more dejecta, et l navibus nostris abrepta Ascham Ep. 351.  b sunt etiam ibidem plurime carte, et alia ~ia, de terris que liberalitate et elemosinis hominum eidem ecclesie sunt date Ric. Hex. Hist. Hex. II 12.  c ~e A. a cote armere WW; a cotearmour ‥ ~um CathA; c1548 unam pelvem et lavacrum argenti ‥ in medio dicte pelvis habentem ~ia ‥ reverendi patris viz. ane chaker with ane reid raggit bar drawin throucht cum mitra episcopali super ‥ ~ia Offic. S. Andr. 140. 3 (sign of) inner or abstr. quality, or the action which issues from it. cum ‥ optatae castitatis ~ibus ‥ carere stricta machera extorqueretur Aldh. VirgP 31; miracula ‥ que novis operum cotidie innovantur ~iis R. Cold. Cuthb. 48 p. 98 (v. innovare 4a); inter varias quibus preeminet virtutes ‥ trina hunc ~ia incomparabiliter reddunt illustrem Gir. TH III 50; ipsa enim adholescencie ipsius primordia quasi certa future in eo dingnitatis indicia presingnabant et insingne quiddam innuencia quasi ex desingnacione divina ecclesie Dei rectorem ydoneum preparabant Ep. Glasg. 309; honeste vite experiri ~ia Canon. G. Sempr. 39v; 1262 quem tot virtutum ~iis ‥ Dominus decoravit RL II 206; vox Christi animam consolantis et amoris sui ~ia memorantis J. Howd. Cant. tit. p. 63; habens ~e penitencie in capite, tonsuram sc. J. Furness Pat. 154; honorabilium patrum ~ia cupiens enarrari Meaux III 237 (cf. ib.: actus insignes). 4 battle cry. ~e Francorum genti notissimum alta voce proclamat, Montem Jovis crebro nominans Neckam NR II 158 p. 263; s1242 facto congressu acclamatum est terribiliter “ad arma, ad arma”, hinc “regales, regales”, inde “montis gaudium, montis gaudium”, sc. utrius regis ~e M. Par. Maj. IV 213.

īnsignĕ, (9) is, n. (insignis), ¶ 1 marque, signe, marque distinctive : Cic. Att. 1, 4, 3 ; Verr. 2, 1, 152 ; insigne veri Cic. Ac. 2, 36, la marque de la vérité, le critérium de la vérité ; insigne nocturnum trium luminum Liv. 29, 25, 11, signal de nuit consistant en trois fanaux || quod insigne erat avec prop. inf. Cic. de Or. 3, 133, ce qui était un signe que... ¶ 2 [en part.] insigne dʼune fonction : insigne auguratus Cic. Div. 1, 30, lʼinsigne de lʼaugurat ; pl., insignia regia Cic. Rep. 2, 31, insignes royaux, emblèmes de la royauté, cf. Cic. Sest. 57 ; Cæs. C. 3, 96 || les insignes [en parl. de lʼarmée] (plumets, aigrettes, colliers, etc.) [marques distinctives des grades et des troupes] : Cæs. G. 2, 21, 5 ; 7, 45, 7 ¶ 3 [fig.] a) insignia virtutis Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 1, les distinctions de la valeur, cf. Cic. Sulla 88 ; b) décorations, parure [aux jours de fêtes] : Cic. Or. 134 ; fig. [en parl. des figures dans le style] : Cic. Or. 135 ; de Or. 2, 36 ; 3, 96.

insigne , is. n.
記號。牌坊。招牌表。號令。官衣。Insignia regia 王衣。哀冕。

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īnsīgne is, n

• insignis, a mark, indication, proof, sign, token, signal: quod erat insigne, eum facere, etc.: Minerva singulare est insigne eius gymnasi: clipei insigne decorum, i. e. conspicuous shield, V.: maeroris, mourning: morbi, H.—A badge, garb, decoration: regis, V.: quo (vestitu) insigni uti consuerat, Cs.: fortunae: nec vestis habitu nec alio ullo insigni differentes, etc., L.— Usu. plur, attire, uniform, costume, regalia: cum insignibus regiis: inperi, S.: imperatoris, Cs.: sacerdotes, suis insignibus velati, L.: tectis insignibus suorum, ornaments of the helmets, Cs.: vocis, costume of a singer, Iu.: paternum, coat of arms, V.—A standard: navem Bruti, quae ex insigni facile agnosci poterat, i. e. the flag(of the admiral's ship), Cs.—A signal: quod erat insigne, cum oporteret, etc., Cs.: nocturnum trium luminum, L.—Fig., an honor, distinction: insignia virtutis adsequi.—A gem, brilliant passage, fine saying: orationis: verborum et sententiarum; cf. dicam insigne, a glorious song, H.

INSIGNE

INSIGNE(σημεῖον, ἐπίσημα, ἐπίσημον, παράσημον), a badge, an ensign, a mark of distinction. Thus the BULLAworn by a Roman boy was one of the insignia of his rank (Cic. in Verr. 1.5. 8, § 152). Five classes of insignia more especially deserve notice:--

I. Those belonging to officers of state or civil functionaries of all descriptions, such as the FASCEScarried before the CONSULat Rome, the latus clavus and shoes worn by senators [CALCEUS; CLAVUS ], the carpentum and the sword bestowed by the emperor upon the praefect of the praetorium. (Lydus, de Mag. 2.3, 9.) The Roman EQUITESwere distinguished by the equus publicus, the golden ring, the angustus clavus [CLAVUS], and the seat provided for them in the theatre and the circus (Hor. Epod. 4, 15; Mart. 5.8and 14). The insignia of the kings of Rome--viz. the trabea, the toga praetexta, the crown of gold, the ivory sceptre, the sella curulis, and the twelve lictors with fasces, all of which except the crown and sceptre were transferred to subsequent denominations of magistrates--were copied from the usages of the Etruscans and other nations of early antiquity. (Flor. 1.5; Sallust, Sal. Cat. 51; Verg. A. 7.187, 612, 11.334-Z2; Lydus, de Mag. 1.7, 8, 37.)

II. Badges worn by soldiers. The centurions in the Roman army were known by the crests of their helmets [GALEA], and the common men by their shields, each cohort having them painted in a manner peculiar to itself. (Veget. 2.17; compare Caes. B. G. 7.45.) [CLIPEUSp. 460 b. ] Among the Greeks the devices sculptured or painted upon shields (see woodcut, p. 459 b), both for the sake of ornament and as badges of distinction, employed the fancy of poets and of artists of every description from the earliest times. Thus the seven heroes who fought against Thebes, all except Amphiaraus, had on their shields expressive figures and mottoes, differently described, however, by different authors. (Aeschyl. Sept. c. Theb. 375-652; Eurip. Phoen. 1107-1138; Apollodor. Bibl. 3.6.1.) Alcibiades, agreeably to his general character, wore a shield richly decorated with ivory and gold, and exhibiting a representation of Cupid brandishing a thunderbolt (Plut. Alc. 16; Ath. 12. p. 534 e). The first use of these emblems on shields is attributed to the Carians (Hdt. 1.171); and the fictitious employment of them to deceive and mislead an enemy was among the stratagems of war (Paus. 4.28, § § 5-7; Verg. A. 2.389-392).

III. Family badges. Among the indignities practised by the Emperor Caligula, it is related that he abolished the ancient insignia of the noblest families, viz. the torquis, the cincinni, and the cognomen Magnus. (Suet. Calig. 35.)

IV. Signs placed on the front of buildings. A figure of Mercury was the common sign of a GYMNASIUM; but Cicero had a statue of Minerva to fulfil the same purpose (ad Att. 1.4). Cities had their emblems as well as separate edifices; and the officer of a city sometimes affixed the emblem to public documents as we do the seal of a municipal corporation (Antigonus Caryst. Hist. Mir. 15).

V. The figure-heads of ships. The insigne of a ship was an image placed on the prow, and giving its name to the vessel (Tac. Ann. 6.34; Caes. B.C. 2.6). Paul sailed from Melita to Puteoli in the Dioscuri, a vessel which traded between that city and Alexandria (Acts 28.11). Enschedé has drawn out a list of one hundred names of ships, which occur either in classical authors or in ancient inscriptions (Diss. de Tut. et Insignibus Navium, reprinted in Ruhnken, Opusc. pp. 257-305). The names were those of gods and heroes, together with their attributes, such as the helmet of Minerva, painted on the prow of the ship which conveyed Ovid to Pontus (a picta casside nomen habet, Trist. 1.9, 2); of virtues and affections, as Hope, Concord, Victory; of countries, cities, and rivers, as the Po, the Mincius (Verg. A. 10.206), the Delia, the Syracuse, the Alexandria (Athen. 5. p. 208 f); and of men, women, and animals, as the boar's head, which distinguished the vessels of Samos (Hdt. 3.59; Choerilus, p. 155, ed. Naeke; Hesych. s. v. Σαμιακὸς τρόπος: Eust. in Hom. Od. 13. p. 525), the swan, the tiger (Verg. A. 10.166), the bull (προτομὴν ταύρου, Schol. in Apollon. 2.168). Plutarch mentions a Lycian vessel with the sign of the lion on its prow, and that of the serpent on its poop, manifestly intended to express the form of the chimaera (Mul. Virt. p. 247 F). After an engagement at sea, the insigne of a conquered vessel, as well as its aplustre, was often taken from it and suspended in some temple as an offering to the god (Plut. Themist. 15). Figureheads were probably used from the first origin of navigation. On the war-galleys of the Phoenicians, who called them, as Herodotus says (3.37), παταικοί, i. e. carved images, they had sometimes a very grotesque appearance. It would appear that the παράσημα of Greek ships were sometimes distinct from their names; the latter were always feminine among the Greeks (Boeckh, Seeurk. p. 81 ff.; Becker-Göll, Charikles, 1.192), the former not so.

Besides the badge which distinguished each individual ship, and which was either an engraved and painted wooden image forming part of the prow, or a figure often accompanied by a name and painted on both the bows of the vessel, other insignia, which could be elevated or lowered at pleasure, were requisite in naval engagements. These were probably flags or standards, fixed to the aplustre or to the top of the mast, and serving to mark all those vessels which belonged to the same fleet or to the same nation. Such were the Attic and the Persic signals (τὸ Ἀττικὸν σημεῖον, Polyaen. 3.11.11; 8.53.1-Z3). A purple sail indicated the admiral's ship among the Romans, and flags of different colours were used in the fleet of Alexander the Great (Plin. Nat.19.22). (Cf. Becker-Göll, Charikles, 1.189-192; NAVISVol. 2. p. 216 b.)

[J.Y] [W.W]

Insigné

(1) In general, any kind of badge or decoration—e. g. the crest of a helmet, the bulla of a child, the sceptre of a king, the device on a shield.

(2) (παράσημον) The figure-head of a ship. See navis.