Turnus

• A king of the Rutuli, killed by Aeneas, Liv. 1, 2, 3; Verg. A. 7, 344 sq.; Ov. M. 14, 451 sq.; Tib. 2, 5, 48; Suet. Ner. 54: Turni lacus, i. e. lacus Juturnae, Col. 10, 138.—
• II Turnus Herdonius, a Latin, the enemy of Tarquinius Superbus, Liv. 1, 50 sqq.

(Τύρνος), a son of Daunus and Venilia, and king of the Rutulians at the time of the arrival of Aeneas in Italy. (Verg. A. 10.76, 616.) He was a brother of Juturna and related to Amata, the wife of king Latinus. (12.138.) Alecto, by the command of Hera, stirred him up to fight against Aeneas after his landing in Italy. (7.408, &c.) He appears in the Aeneid as a brave warrior, but in the end he fell by the hand of the victorious Aeneas (12.926, &c.). Livy (1.2) and Dionysius also mention him as king of the Rutulians, who allied himself with the Etruscans against the Latins, consisting of Aborigenes and Trojans. The Rutulians according to their account indeed were defeated, but Aeneas fell. (Comp. Aeneas.) [L.S]

a Roman satyric poet. According to the old scholiast upon Juvenal, who quotes two lines from one of his pieces, he was a native of Aurunca, of servile extraction (libertini generis), the brother of Scaeva Memor the tragedian, and rose to honour and power at court under the Flavian dynasty. He is mentioned in terms of high praise by Martial, by Rutilius, and by Sidonius Apollinaris. Works Fragments of a Satire

We possess thirty hexameters, forming a portion of, apparently, a long satiric poem, the subject being an enumeration of the crimes and abominations which characterised the reign of Nero. Editions

This fragment was first published from a MS. by J. L. G. de Balzac in his " Entretiens" (12mo. Amst. 1663), was copied by Burmann into his "Anthologia Latina" (6.94, or No. 190, ed. Meyer), and by Wernsdorf, into his Poetae Latini Minores (vol. iii. p. lvii. p. 77). The latter employs some arguments which, to a certain extent, bear out his conjecture that the piece ought to be ascribed to Turnus; but the evidence is of a very indirect and uncertain description. Further Information

Vet. Schol. in Juv. 1.20, 71; Martial, 7.97, 11.10 ; Rutil. Numat. 1.599; Sidon. Apollin. Carm. 9.267; F. A. Wolf, Vorlesungen über Röm. Litt. p. 231; Zumpt, ad Rutil. Numat. l.c. [W.R]

(Τοῦρνος), a statuary, known only by the single passage in which Tatian mentions his statue of the courtezan Lais. (Orat. ad Graec. 55, p. 121, ed. Worth : Λαὶ̄ς ἐπορνευσε, καὶ ὁ Τοῦρνος αὐτὴν ὑπόμνημα τῆς πορνείας ἐποίησεν.) [P.S]

[Herdonius.]

(Τύρνος). (1) The son of Daunus and Venilia, brother of Iuturna (q.v.), king of the Rutulians at Ardea. He was induced by Amata, the sister of his mother, and wife of Latinus, to make war upon Aeneas for his bride Lavinia, who had already been betrothed to himself. After many hard fights he was slain in single combat by his rival (Verg. Aen. vii. 408; x. 76; xii. 408, 926; Livy, i. 2). His name is probably connected with Tyrrhenus, and in the legends is associated with that of Mezentius; so that the story is supposed by some to refer to a struggle of the Latins against the Etruscans. (See Etruria.)

(2) A satirical poet who lived in the first and second centuries A.D. (Mart.vii. 97). Thirty hexameter lines that bear his name were written in the seventeenth century by J. L. G. Balzac. See Quicherat, Mélanges de Philologie, p. 259 (Paris, 1879).