alauda

ălauda, ae, f. [Celtic; lit. great songstress, from al, high, great, and aud, song; cf. the Fr. alouette; Breton. al' choueder; v. Diefenbach in Zeitschriften für vergl. Sprachf. IV. p. 391].

• The lark, Plin. 11, 37, 44, § 121.—
• II Ălauda, the name of a legion raised by Caesar, in Gaul, at his own expense (prob. so called from the decoration of their helmet): unam (legionem) ex Transalpinis conscriptam, vocabulo quoque Gallico (Alauda enim appellabatur) civitate donavit, Suet. Caes. 24: cum legione Alaudarum ad urbem pergit, Cic. Att. 16, 8: Huc accedunt Alaudae ceterique veterani, id. Phil. 13, 2.

alauda, ae, f. (ein keltisches Wort, alau-da, die Beschopfte, s. Glück in Fleckeisens Jahrbb. 93,166 f.), I) die Haubenlerche (rein lat. galerita u. cassita), Plin. 11, 121: avis galerita, quae Gallice alauda dicitur, Marc. Emp. 29 in. – II) übtr., Name einer von Cäsar auf eigene Kosten errichteten später mit dem röm. Bürgerrechte beschenkten gallischen Legion (so benannt von den Federbüschen, die sie auf den Helmen als Schmuck trugen), Suet. Caes. 24, 2; vgl. Plin. 11, 121: dah. die Soldaten derselben Alaudae, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, u. legio Alaudarum, Cic. Phil. 1, 20 u.a.

alauda [CL < Gall.] , lark. b (w. fera) pipit. allauda, lauricae GlC A 497; ~a, lauerce Ælf. Gl.; laudat alauda diem, prenuncia leta diei Neckam DS II 765; alauda / exiguo promit gutture grande melos H. Avr. Poems 20. 155; 1285 ingenium quod vocatur tonel ad ~as et perdricia capienda PQW 249b; 1289 in ~is, j d. quad. Ac. Swinfield 5; aves parve, sicut ~e et tales, sunt pure digestionis Gad. 10 v. 1; 1384 (v. avis 1c); nuncius aurore modulans volutabat alauda / desuper et summi cantat in aure Dei Gower VC I 95.  b alterum genus [galeritae] ‥ a nostris fera ~a, a Germanis heid Lerch nominatur Turner Av. 40.

ălauda, æ, f. (mot gaulois), alouette : Plin. 11, 121 || nom dʼune légion romaine équipée aux frais de César : Suet. Cæs. 24 [dʼoù] alaudæ, arum, les alaudes, soldats de cette légion : Cic. Phil. 13, 3 ; 1, 20 ; Att. 16, 8, 2.

alauda , ae. f.
呌鶚欄阿藍兒。

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ălauda, ae, f.: allodola Plin.

ALAUDA

ALAUDAa Gaulish word, the prototype of the modern French Alouette, denoting a small crested bird of the lark kind, which the Latins in allusion to its tuft denominated Galerita. The name alauda was bestowed by Julius Caesar on a legion of picked men, which he raised at his own expense among the inhabitants of Transalpine Gaul, about the year B.C. 55, not, as erroneously asserted by Gibbon, during the civil war; which he equipped and disciplined after the Roman fashion; and on which, in a body, he at a subsequent period bestowed the freedom of the state. This seems to have been the first example of a regular Roman legion levied in a foreign country and composed of barbarians. The designation was, in all probability, applied from a plume upon the helmet resembling the apex of the bird in question, or from the general shape and appearance of the head-piece. Cicero in a letter to Atticus, written in B.C. 44, states that he had received intelligence that Antonius was marching upon the city cum legione alaudarum (ad Att. 16.8); and from the Philippics we learn that by the Lex Judiciaria of Antonius even the common soldiers of this corps (Alaudae--manipulares ex legione Alaudarum) were privileged to act as judices upon criminal trials, and enrolled along with the veterans in the third decuria of judices, avowedly, if we can trust the orator, that the framer of the law and his friends might have functionaries in the courts of justice upon whose support they could depend (Phil. 1.8.20).

That the legion Alauda was numbered V. is proved by several inscriptions, one of them belonging to the age of Domitian in honour of a certain Cn. Domitius, who among many other titles is styled TRIB. MIL. LEG. V. ALAUDAE. It had however disappeared from the army list in the time of Dio Cassius,--that is, in the early part of the third century; for the historian, when giving a catalogue of such of the twenty-three or twenty-five legions which formed the establishment of Augustus, as existed when he wrote, makes no mention of any fifth legion except the Quinta Macedonica. (Sueton. Jul. 24; Caesar, B.C. 1.39; Plin. Nat.11.121; Cic. Phil. 5.5. 12, 13.2-Z2§ 3, 18 § 37; Gruter, Corp. Inscrip. Lat. CCCCIII. 1, DXLIV. 2, DXLIX. 4, DLIX. 7; Orelli, Inscr. Lat. n. 773.)

[W.R]

Alauda

(κόρυδος). The lark. The Fifth Legion from the time of Iulius Caesar down to the third century was known as Alauda from the device of a lark (alauda) worn upon the helmets of the soldiers composing it. See Suet. Iul. 24.