cornu

cornu dextro vel sinistro
on the right or left wing

cornū, ūs, n.: a horn, 4.61; horny substance, horn; a trumpet or horn, 7.615; bow, 7.497; the knob or tip of the helmet in which the crest is inserted, 12.89; pl., cornua, uum, the ends of sail yards, 3.549; horns of the moon, 3.645; in cornua surgere, to rise as to the horns; i.e., having high-branching horns, 10.725; īrāscī in cornua, to throw fury into the horns, 12.104.

cornū, ūs (so Caes. B. C. 3, 68 Dint.; Luc. 7, 217; Plin. 28, 11, 46, § 163 et saep.; Curt. 4, 12, 11 al.; ū in the connection cornu bubuli and cornu cervini; also Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 5, 76; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 20, 1 al.; cf. esp. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 355), n. (access. form cornum, i, n., Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 14; Ter. Eun. 775 Fleck.; Lucr. 2, 388; Ov. M. 2, 874; Scrib. Comp. 141; Gell. 14, 6, 2 al.; gen. plur. cornorum, Scrib. Comp. 60. —An access. form cornus, ūs, has been assumed on account of the rel. masc. in the passage: nares similes cornibus iis, qui, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149, if the reading is correct.—The dat. sing. apparently never used; for in the connection: laevo cornu Cotys rex praeerat ... dextro cornu praepositus C. Licinius Crassus, Liv. 42, 58, 6 and 7, the supposition of the abl. is more in acc. with the usage of Livy; cf.: Antipatrum in laevo praeposuit, id. 37, 41, 1 et saep.) [kindred with κέρας, and Germ. and Engl. horn; cf. also carina, cervus], a horn.

• I Lit., a hard and generally crooked growth upon the head of many mammiferous animals (very freq. in all periods and species of composition), Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123 sq.; Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121; of a bullock, Lucr. 5, 1033; 5, 1324; Cat. 64, 111; Ov. M. 9, 186; Hor. C. 3, 27, 72; id. S. 1, 5, 58 et saep.; also of the constellation Taurus, Ov. M. 2, 80; of the ram, id. ib. 5, 328; and the constellation Aries, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111; of the he-goat, Verg. E. 9, 25; of kids, id. G. 2, 526 al.—Of the antlers of a stag, Ov. M. 3, 194; 10, 111; Verg. A. 10, 725 al.: Cornu Copiae (less correctly, but freq. in late Lat., as one word, Cornūcōpĭae, and twice Cornūcōpĭa, ae, f., Amm.22, 9, 1; 25, 2, 3), acc. to the fable, the horn of the goat Amalthea placed in heaven, Greek Κέρας Ἀμαλθείας (v. Amalthea), the emblem of fruitfulness and abundance, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5 (671); Gell. 14, 6, 2; cf. Hor. C. 1, 17, 16; id. C. S. 60; id. Ep. 1, 12, 29; Ov. M. 9, 88.—
• • B Meton., of things similar to horn in substance or form, or made of horn.
  • • 1 That which is similar to horn in substance.
    • • a A hoof, Cato R. R. 72; Verg. G. 3, 88; Sil. 13, 327.—
      • b Of the bills of birds, Ov. M. 14, 502.—
      • c The horny skin covering the eye, Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148.—
      • d A horny excrescence on the head, a wart, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.— Far more freq.,
    • 2 That which is similar to a horn in form, a projecting extremity, the point or end of any object.
    • • a The tooth or tusk of an elephant, ivory, Varr. L. L. 7, § 39 Müll.; Plin. 8, 3, 4, § 7; 18, 1, 1, § 2: cornu Indicum, Mart. 1, 73, 4.—
      • b The horns of the moon, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 122, 2; Verg. G. 1, 433; Ov. M. 1, 11; 2, 117 et saep.—
      • c The branches of a river, Ov. M. 9, 774.—Hence, the river-gods were represented with horns, Verg. G. 4, 371; Mart. 10, 7 et saep.; cf.: corniger, tauriformis, etc., and v. Lidd. and Scott under κέρας, V.—
      • d The arm of the shore forming a harbor, a tongue of land, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 14, 1; Ov. M. 5, 410; Plin. 4, 21, 35, § 113.—
      • e The extremity or end of the sailyards, Verg. A. 3, 549; 5, 832; Ov. M. 11, 476; Hor. Epod. 16, 59; Sil. 14. 389.—
      • f The cone of a helmet in which the crest was placed: cornua cristae, Verg. A. 12, 89: alterum cornu galeae, Liv. 27, 33, 2.—
      • g The end of the stick around which books were rolled, usually ornamented with ivory, Tib. 3, 1, 13; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 8; Mart. 11, 107. —
      • h The side of a bow in the form of a horn, Ov. M. 1, 455; 5, 56; 2, 603.—
      • i The horn-shaped side of the cithara (perh. the sounding-board), Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149 fin.—
      • k The top or summit of a mountain: cornua Parnasi, Stat. Th. 5, 532; Curt. 3, 4, 4. —
    • 1 The point, end, extremity, wing of a place, Liv. 25, 3, 17; Tac. A. 1, 75; Plin. 34, 6, 12, § 26 al.—
    • • m The wing of an army (very freq.), Caes. B. G. 1, 52 (three times); 2, 23; 2, 25; 7, 62 (twice); Liv. 9, 40, 3 sq(seven times).—*
      • • β Transf.: cornua disputationis tuae commovere, i. e. to drive back, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 26 (v. the passage in connection).—
      • n The feeler or claw of an insect, Plin. 9, 30, 50, § 95; 9, 31, 51, § 99 al. —
      • o The stiff hair of the Germans: quis stupuit Germani lumina, flavam Caesariem et madido torquentem cornua cirro? Juv. 13, 165.—
    • 3 Of objects made of horn.
    • • a A bow, Verg. E. 10, 59; Ov. M. 5, 383; Sil. 2, 109 al.—
      • b A bugle-horn, a horn, trumpet (cornua, quod ea, quae nunc sunt ex aere, tunc fiebant bubulo e cornu, Varr. L. L. 5, § 117 Müll.), Lucil. ap. Non. p. 265, 5; Lucr. 2, 620; Verg. A. 7, 615; Ov. M. 1, 98; 3, 533; Hor. C. 1, 18, 14; 2, 1, 17; Juv. 2, 90; 6, 315.—Connected with tubae, Cic. Sull. 5, 17; Tac. A. 1, 68; 2, 81, cf. Dict. of Antiq., s. v. cornu.—In a sarcastic double sense with a.: dum tendit citharam noster, dum cornua Parthus, Poët. ap. Suet. Ner. 39 (v. the passage in connection).—
      • c The sides of the lyre, originally consisting of two horns, giving resonance to the strings, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; 2, 59, 149.—
      • d A lantern, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185 (337); cf. Lucr. 2, 388; and Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 49.—
      • e An oil cruet, Hor. S. 2, 2, 61.—
      • f A funnel, Verg. G. 3, 509; Col. 6, 2, 7 al.—
• II Trop., as an emblem of power, courage, strength, might (the figure taken from bullocks. Also in Heb. a very freq. metaph.; cf. Gesen. Lex. s. v., p. 906, 6; poet.): ne in re secundā nunc mi obvortat cornua, Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 5 (1021): venerunt capiti cornua sera meo, Ov. Am. 3, 11,: tunc pauper cornua sumit, gains strength, courage, id. A. A. 1, 239; cf.. tu (sc. amphora) addis cornua pauperi, etc., Hor. C. 3, 21, 18.—Hence Bacchus, as a giver of courage, is represented with horns, Tib. 2, 1, 3; Hor. C. 2, 19, 30; v. Bacchus, I.; cf. of a river-god, I. B. 2. c. supra.

cornū, ūs u. (selten) ū, n., selten cornum, ī, n. u. cornus, ūs, m. (altind. çŕnga -m, keltisch karn, griech. κέρας, gotisch haúrn), das Horn, I) eig.: A) am tierischen Körper: 1) das Horn am Kopfe vierfüßiger Tiere, im Plur. deutsch auch das Gehörn, bei Hirschen usw. das Geweih, cornua boum, Caes.: cornua tauri, Varro u. (des Stiergestirns) Ov.: torta cornua arietis, Varro u. (des Widdergestirns) Cic. poët.: cornu hirci, Verg.: cornua cervi, Varro LL. u.a.: cornua alcina, Geweih des Elentiers, Elches, Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 5708: c. arietinum, Plin. u. Mart. Cap., cornua arietina, Solin.: c. bubulum Plin.: alias (animantes) esse cornibus armatas, alias habere effugia pennarum, Cic.: cornua amittere, das Geweih abwerfen (v. Hirsche), Plin.; vgl. non decidunt castratis cervis cornua nec nascuntur, die kastrierten Hirsche werfen (das Geweih) nicht ab und setzen auch nicht auf, Plin.: irasci in cornu, seine Wut gleichs. in die Hörner drängen (vgl. ταῦροι εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι), Verg.: surgere in cornua, das G. hoch heben (v. Hirsche), Verg. – als Sinnbild der Fruchtbarkeit u. des Überflusses (mit Rücksicht auf Cornu Copiae, s. im folg.), sowie der Kraft u. Stärke Attribut des Bacchus, s. die Auslgg. zu Tibull. 2, 1, 3 u. zu Hor. carm. 2, 19, 30. – ebenso als Sinnbild des Ungestümen Attribut der Flußgötter, Verg. georg. 4, 371. Mart. 10, 7, 6. – Cornu Copiae (später als ein Wort Cornucopia, ae, f.), das unter die Sterne versetzte Horn der Ziege Amalthea (Κέρας Αμαλθείας s. Amalthēa), aus dem Nektar geflossen sein soll, das Sinnbild der Fruchtbarkeit u. des Überflusses, das Füllhorn, Plaut. Pseud. 671. Gell. 14, 6, 2. Hor. carm. 1, 17, 16. Ov. met. 9, 88: als ein Wort, Amm. 22, 9, 1; 25, 2, 3. Lact. Placid. 9. fab. 1 extr.: dass. cornu copiosum, Petron. 29, 6. – poet. zur Bezeichnung des kräftigen, mutigen Widerstandes (wie der der Stiere mit ihren Hörnern) u. des Mutes, cornua obvertere alci u. cornua in alqm vertere, gegen jmd. die Hörner kehren, jmdm. die Hörner zeigen (bildl.), Plaut. u. Apul.: so auch tollere cornua in alqm, Hor.: cornua sumere, Mut gewinnen, Ov.: cornua addere alci, Mut machen, Hor.: coeperunt mihi hinc inde cornua increscere, der Mut zu wachsen, Hieron. epist. 69, 2. – 2) cornua, die Scheren (brachia) der Insekten, Plin. 9, 95 u. 99. – 3) cornua elephanti, die Elefantenzähne, Varro LL. u. Plin.: dah. cornu Indicum, Elfenbein, Mart. – 4) das Horn am Schnabel der Vögel, Ov. met. 14, 502. – 5) das Horn am Hufe vierfüßiger Tiere, Cato r. r. 72. Verg. georg. 3, 88. – 6) das Horn = die Hornhaut im Auge, Plin. 11, 148. – B) das Horn vom tier. Körper als verwendbares, verarbeitetes Material: 1) als Räucher- u. Arzneimittel: cornu bubulum combustum, Cels.: cornu cervinum incendere, Varro: cornu cervinum purgat, Cels. – 2) das Horn als Instrument, Gefäß usw., a) als musikal. Blasinstrument, α) das eig. Blashorn, bes. im Heere, das Heerhorn, in der Schweiz Harschhorn, womit man das Zeichen bei den Feldzügen gab (urspr. ein Ochsen –, bes. ein Auerochsenhorn, mit Silber eingefaßt; vgl. Veget. mil. 3, 6), Cic., Verg. u.a. – β) das unten an die phrygische Schalmei (κερασφόρος αὐλός) zur Verstärkung des Tons angesetzte Horn u. dann die »phrygische Flöte« selbst (unserer Blaßklarinette ähnlich), Ov. u. Iuven. (vgl. Heinr. Iuven. 6, 314 sq.). – b) die aus Horn gearbeiteten Bogenteile, dah. (im Sing. u. Plur.) = der Bogen, Verg. u.a. Dichter. – c) die Laterne, Plaut.: cornu lanternae, Plin. – d) ein Ölgefäß, Hor. sat. 2, 2, 61. – e) ein Trichter, Verg. u. Col. – f) die beiden urspr. aus zwei Hörnern bestehenden, nach außen massiven, nach innen hohlen, also Resonanz gebenden Seiten des Saitenspiels, die unten und oben durch einen Steg verbunden waren, etwa die Resonanzseiten, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 144 u. 149.

II) übtr.: A) das Horn = die Spitze, das Ende, die äußerste Ecke, 1) cornua, die horn- od. trichterförmigen Spitzen des Helmkegels (conus), in die der in mehrere Büschel geteilte Helmbusch eingelassen war, die Hörner, cornua cristae, Verg. Aen. 12, 89: alterum cornu galeae, Liv. 27, 33, 2. – 2) die äußerste krumme Spitze der Segelstange u. meton. = die Segelstange, Verg. u.a.: cornua huc torquere, Hor. – 3) der elfenbeinerne od. goldene u. bemalte Knopf (Knauf) am obern u. untern Ende des runden Stabes (Zylinders), um den das Buch gerollt wurde, dah. gew. Plur. cornua, Tibull. 3, 3, 13. Ov. trist. 1, 1, 8: explicitum nobis usque ad sua cornua librum, d.i. bis zum Ende (da der Zylinder am Ende der Buchrolle saß), Mart. 11, 107, 1; vgl. Beckers Gallus³ Bd. 2. S. 377. – 4) cornua, lunae, die Enden der Mondsichel, die Hörner, Cic. fr. u.a.: luna nova curvata in cornua, Plin.: ad cornua redire (v. Monde), Augustin. in psalm. 10, 3. – 5) der Arm eines Flusses, Ov. met. 9, 774. – 6) die Spitze, der Flügel einer Örtl., a) die Spitze eines Berges, das Horn, cornua Parnasi, Stat. Theb. 5, 532. – b) eine in ein Gewässer, bes. ins Meer hinauslaufende Landspitze, die Landzunge, das Horn (vgl. unser »Argerhorn, Kippenhorn« am Bodensee), Ambracii sinus cornua, Flor.: Cnidus in cornu paene insulae posita, Mela: ubi Italia longe abit, in duo cornua scinditur, Mela: frons Italiae in duo se cornua scindit, Mela: ubi (Italia) longius abiit, in cornua duo scinditur, Solin.: promunturia, quae cornibus obiectis ab alto portum faciunt, Liv.: ab utroque portus cornu moles iacimus, Caes. in Cic. ep. – c) der Flügel, das äußerste Ende, die äußerste Ecke einer Örtl., in duobus velut cornibus Graeciae (dem Peloponnes u. Mazedonien), Liv.: in cornu porticus amplissimum cubiculum a triclinio occurrit, Plin. ep.: cornibus in se coëuntibus faciebat amphitheatrum, Plin.: in cornu tribunalis assidere, Tac.: in cornu (subsellii) sedere, Liv.: iacēre cornu sinistro (stibadii), Sidon.: u. so cornibus in summis ponere membra, Iuven.: in cornibus comitii positae statuae, Plin. – 7) der Flügel eines Heeres od. einer Flotte in Schlachtordnung (Ggstz. media acies, medii), dextrum, sinistrum, Caes.: dexterius, sinisterius, Galba in Cic. ep.: laevum, Liv.: dextrum, laevum navium, Vell.: nostrum cornu circumire, Galba b. Cic.: circuire hostem a cornibus, Liv.: facere cornua, sich als vorgeschobener Flügel (an die zurückgewichenen Gallier u. Hispanier) anschließen, Liv.: cornua facere, extendere, diducere, producere, Liv.: vincere dextro cornu, Frontin.: im Bilde, cornua commovere disputationis tuae, zum Weichen bringen, Cic. de div. 2, 26. – B) das Horn = der hornartige Auswuchs, 1) ein hornartiges Gewächs am Kopfe (eine große Warze), das Horn, Hor. sat. 1, 5, 58. – 2) cornua = der hornartig auf dem Kopfe emporstehende Haarbüschel der Germanen, die Hörner, Iuven. 13, 165 (vgl. Heinrich zur St.). – ➳ Genet. von cornu gew. ūs; Genet. cornuis angef. bei Mart. Cap. 3. § 293. – Nom. cornum bei Varro r. r. 3, 9, 14. Scrib. 141: Akk. cornum, Ter. eun. 775. Lucr. 2, 388. Ov. met. 2, 874 u. 5, 383. Gell. 14, 6, 2. Pelagon. veterin. 256 Ihm. Veget. mil. 2, 15 in. Gargil. Mart. de cura boum 24. – Nomin. cornuurn, Isid. 16, 25, 10, u. Abl. Plur. cornuis, Treb. Poll. Gallien. 8, 2. – der Nom. cornus bei Varr. sat. Men. 131: Genet. Plur. cornorum, Scrib. 60: Abl. cornibus (m. folg. qui), Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 149. Vgl. Georges, Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 174.

cornu [CL], ~um, ~uum 1 horn (of sheep, cattle, etc.). b (w. sub or per cornu) ‘horn with horn’ (w. ref. to animals sharing pasturage equally). c antler. d horn of ‘unicorn’ (incl. rhinoceros and narwhal). e horn of snail. f horn of serpent. sum namque armatus rugosis cornibus horrens Aldh. Aen. 86 (Aries) 1; ~u bovis [AS: oxan horn] persolvitur x denariis et vaccae [AS: cuuhorn] ij denariis (Inst. Cnuti) GAS 115; Ib. 33 (v. bos 1a); ~u taurus [M. Par. Maj. I 212: †cornutaurus] in ipsos figet (Proph. Merlini) G. Mon. VII 4 p. 393; hircum ‥ domesticum ‥ ~uum elatione suo in genere conspicuum Gir. TH II 23; O. Cheriton Fab. 17 (v. antilops); 1256 percussus fuit ~u ‥ vacce in ventre AssizeR Northumb 114; 1421 pro j sacco cum vij dossenis ~uum, prec’ xv s. EEC 493.  b c1150 milites vicini ‥ convenerunt ‥ et, ut pastura eis esset omnibus communis, id est ~u sub ~u, pro ‥ concordia inter se tuenda ‥ concesserunt Cart. Rams. I 164 (cf. Conc. Syn. 819: 1276 de decimis que de vaccis proveniunt statuendum duximus quod, ubicunque fuerit receptaculum earum, licet in vicinis parochiis horn with horn secundum Anglicanam linguam pascua querant, ibi remaneat tota decima ubi fuerit domicilium; (v. communa 1a): 1233; (v. croppa 1): c1300; (Wilts) Surv. Pembr. 132: 1567 tenent ‥ super montes ~u per ~u, sicut firmarius pasturat cum xlv bidentibus).  c quanto minores sunt [cervi Hibernici] corporis quantitate, tanto precellentius efferuntur capitis et ~uum dignitate Gir. TH I 24; instaurat natura potens tibi, cerve, quot annis / cornua Neckam DS IX 132; Caius Anim. 11b (v. alces).  d indidit ex cornu nomen mihi lingua Pelasga Aldh. Aen. 60 (Monocerus) 10; rinoceron Grece Latine ‘~u in nare’ interpretatur. idem est monoceron, i. unicornus. ‥ hostis est elephantis, unde suum ~u limat ad saxa et acuit et sic se preparat pugne Bart. Angl. XVIII 89; unicornus ‥ unum ~u in medio frontis habet Upton 171; c1510 unum ~u unicorni stans fixum in magno lapide (Invent.) Hist. Church York III 386.  e ut patet in †limice [l. limace], cujus extremitates vulgus ~ua vocat Ps.-Ric. Anat. 26; testudo duo ~ua erigit; sed, cum palea vel spina tanguntur, ~ua retrahit O. Cheriton Fab. 48A.  f [cerastes] ~ua habet ad modum arietis Bart. Angl. XVIII 8. 2 horn (as material). b (?) casket made of horn. [rex] laternam ex lignis et bovinis ~ibus ‥ construere imperavit. bovina namque ~ua alba ac in una tenuiter dolabris erasa non minus vitreo vasculo elucent Asser Alf. 104; [boum] ~ua sunt manubriorum, pectinum, cochlearium, thecarum novacule, lanternarum materia Neckam NR II 161; cum aqua sit corpus transparens, sicut aer, ~u, glacies et vitrum Gros. 88; 1213, 1246 (v. ballista 2); S. Sim. Itin. 53 (v. arcus 1b).  b ~u, ceste GlC C 860; 9‥ ~u, cyste WW. 3 horn (as receptacle) or (?) horn-shaped vessel: a drinking-horn; b (eccl.); cf. corniger 2. c horn of plenty; cf. cornucopia. d ink-horn. a 840 (11c) episcopus hanc donativum [sic] regem predonavit: hoc est ‥ discum fabrefactum in iij pundis et duas albas ~as [sic] in iiij libris CS 430; c945 duos sciphos argenteos et duo ~ua Ib. 812; 949 (16c) ij ~ua auro argentoque decorata Ib. 883; pincernis ‥ ~ibus, sciphis aliisque ‥ vasibus totum diem propinantibus B. V. Dunst. 10; habentes non solum ~ua argento et auro vermiculata varietate redimita verum etiam alia vasorum genera satis apta ad potandum Byrht. V. Osw. 465 (cf. ib. 446: ~ua ad vinum fundendum); his tantum ex poculis [argenteis sive aureis] cenaculum ‥ bibebat, aut ~ibus bubalinis metallo decoratis eodem circa extremitates utrasque W. Poit. II 44; Gir. TH II 8 p. 89 (v. bubalus a); armigeri, pedites bachantes cornua sumant / potibus alternis D. Bec. 2360; unum ~u vinacium argenteum c solidis computatum V. Har. 3 f. 6; 1295 ~u R. episcopi ornatum anteriori circulo argenteo triphoriato cum floribus duobus ‥; item ~u eburneum gravatum bestiis et avibus Vis. S. Paul. 315; 1296 xix ~ua de bucle et j ~u griffone (KR Ac 354/9) Anglo-Scot. Rel. 75; c1325 de ‥ iiij ~uis [sic] de bugle LTR Ac 14 r. 6d.; 1390 de ‥ uno cipho facto de uno magno ~u garnisato cum argento deaurato Ac. Foreign 25G.  b 8‥ hic verget oleum cum ~u super caput ipsius (Pontifical) Rec. Coronation 5; [Hostis] †pixidi [? l. pixide], in qua oblationum hostie erant reposite, assumpta in virum orationibus procumbentem ‥ jaculavit ‥ et ~u cum vino elato rursus eum perculit R. Cold. Godr. 83; Samuel venit Bethleem cum ~u olei ut ungat David in regem Ad. Dore Pictor 152.  c suo diffudit prodiga regi / divitias cornu Copia munifico V. Ed. Conf. 38; locum ‥ eligunt ‥ responsalem frugibus, ‥ scaturientem fontibus, ~u Copie Map NC I 24 p. 36.  d dum scriberem, non [in] ~u sed in corde calamum intinxi H. Los. Ep. 13; 11‥ ipso domino R. testante, qui tenuit ~u dum scriptor notavit ‥ supradicta MonA VI 995; 1396 unum librum, unum pennar’ cum ~u ‥ asportaverunt Pat 342 m. 27; a cinctu detraxit unus pennarium una cum atramentario ~u [Eng.: both pennarde and ynkhorne] Whittington Vulg. 91. 4 horn (mus.), bugle, or sim.: a (used in battle); b hunting-horn or sim.; c moothorn or sim. (for raising hue or summoning townsfolk). d (w. ad) under sentence of outlawry by proclamation (Scot.). a stimulant Martem legionum cornua cantu Aldh. VirgV 2460; ~ua bubalorum ‥, que nefando sonitu tres insulas Britannie commovebunt (Proph. Merlini) G. Mon. VII 4 p. 391; cum ~ua rauco strepuissent cantu H. Hunt. HA VII 25.  b 1166 (v. corpus 5g); decreverunt quatinus circumcirca pervagantes vocibus aut tubarum ductilium vel ~uorum [sic] strepitu mutuo sibi innuerent (Edm.) NLA II 588; 1276 ceperunt ipsum W. [servientem domini] et ab eo †ubstulerunt [l. abs-] ~um [sic] suum et quamdam achiam Hund. I 42a; 1293 quod venator ‥ eos [canes] sequatur cum una virga et uno ~u tantum pro canibus illis rehabendis JustIt 807 r. 1d.; 1306 (v. cornare a); 1342 militari pocius quam clericali habitu induti, ‥ cum ‥ ~ibus ad colla pendentibus Conc. II 703a; 1356 pro uno ~u pro venatore domini prioris Ac. Durh. 558; 1362 si aliqua bestia silvestris ‥ inveniatur, bene liceat eis cum canibus, ore et ~u predictam bestiam prosequi Pat 265 m. 4; 1368 volentes quod idem J. et heredes sui ‥, cum hujusmodi deductui vacaverint, ‥ quoddam ~u diversi et partiti coloris, russeti viz. et nigri equaliter in longitudine per medium, quod ei in signum venacionis hujusmodi dedimus, portent Ib. 278 m. 8; 1489 cum uno magno ~u nigro harnisato cum argento et deaurato, quod quidem ~u fuit prima carta officii foreste de Barnewode Cart. Boarstall app. p. 289 (cf. ib. no. 562).  c nullus supersedeat outhorn nec outhest vel burhbotam vel firdfare nec herebode ore et ~u juxta preceptum heretemiorum regni Leg. Angl. Lond. 19; c1200 ~u quod dicitur mothorn ‥ die S. Mich. traditur in capitulo sacriste (Lib. Alb.) Bury St. Edm. app. 190; s1264 quidam juniores ‥ ville S. Edmundi quandam conspiracionem suscitarunt ‥ cum quodam ~u erecto communi, cui intendere unanimiter presumpserunt, ~u spreto tocius communitatis antiquo et a tempore de quo non exstat memoria prius †auctentizato (Antiq. S. Edm.) Reg. Pinchbeck I 53 (cf. Gild Merch. II 30); statuerunt inter se quod ~u haberent commune ‥, spreto ‥ ~u communitatis ‥ quod mothorn dicitur et sono ejusdem (Reg. Alb. S. Edm.) Gild Merch. II 32 (cf. EHR XXIV 316); c1230 quotienscumque [messarius] convocat opera domini per ~um puplicum (Cust. Ogbourne St. G.) Doc. Bec 31; 12‥ quod sit in curia unum magnum ~u cujus sonus audiatur et generaliter cognoscatur, quod sit ~u curie propter casus contingentes Cart. Glouc. III 220; 1366 (v. cornutare 1c); s1301 major cum suis complicibus proclamaverunt vocibus et ~u communi totam ejusdem ville [de Faversham] coortem Thorne 1980; s1368 major [Sandwyci] ‥ per servientem suum communem faciet certis locis in villa de Stonores suum ~u commune sonari ‥ et erit ibidem proclamacio facta per eundem servientem Ib. 2144.  d 1384 si fugitivus fuerit, erit exul ad ~u et ubicumque inventus fuerit punietur (Stat. Rob. II) APScot 186 (cf. ib.: erit ad ~u regis); 1391 omne jus et clameum ‥ in baronia de D. ‥ que fuerunt quondam Johannis de S. Claro ad ~u positi ‥ et defuncti, et in terris de F. que fuerunt Ricardi de S. Claro jam ad ~u ‥ existentis RMS Scot 823; 1471 de eschaetis bonorum Eugenii T. et Johannis A., qui sunt ad ~ua regis ExchScot 8. 5 (horny substance of) hoof. Cf. cornipes. in jumentis famelicis, quae pedum ~u ‥ modice sonarent W. Poit. I 27. 6 prominence on human skull adjoining fontanelle. retro in capite sunt fontinella et duo ~ua [gl.: fontinella est concavitas colli inter duo tumores qui dicentur (sic) ~ua], quibus vicine sunt aures Garl. Dict. 121; debet fieri ventosa super posteriora ~ua capitis Gilb. II 106. 1. 7 projecting object resembling a horn: a cusp of crescent moon; b tip of bow; c yard-arm; d arm of cross; e (bibl.) horn of altar; f horn of uterus (anat); g horn of mitre; h horn of woman’s head-dress; cf. 1 cornetum 1. a sunt qui ‥ dicant lunam novam, quoties supino ~u utroque videtur, tempestuosum mensem portendere Bede TR 25.  b Hanv. II 87 (v. coitus a); 1372 cum ‥ xij arcubus, xxv ~ubus et xxiiij sagittis vocatis brodarwes (Cl) Foed. VI 749b; 1411 cum ij duodenis arcuum vj duodenis cathapultarum et iiij duodenis ~uum (Cl) Ib. VIII 684b.  c ~ua, segelgyrde endas Ælf. Gl.; “ardua jam dudum dimittite cornua navis,” / clamat Gower VC I 1677.  d pedes ‥ / conclavantur in crucis cornibus J. Howd. Ph. 186; in angulo prope ‥ pontem crucem quandam ligneam vidi stantem a diu ibidem erectam, sed tamen ~ibus carentem, in signum ipsius sepulture [mortuorum tempore interdicti, 1208–14] Meaux I 343; 14‥ cum ymaginibus ‥ iiij evangelistarum ad iiij ~ua ‥ crucis DC S. Paul. p. 54b.  e bis binis certe per quadrum cornibus armor Tatwine Aen. 8 (Ara) 3; ad ~u altaris non accedat Bart. Exon. Pen. 71 f. 161; a1205 eum ab obedientia quam nobis ‥ fecerat absolvimus et libertatem a ~u altaris acceptam ei ad alium locum [transeundi] concessimus Cart. Osney III 64; ad ~ua altaris orientalia erant due columpne lignee Gerv. Cant. I 13; 12‥ qui habet dicere sermonem ‥ incipiat sermonem ad ~u altaris Reg. Aberd. II 4; 1292 finito cantico ‘te Deum’ prior ad ~u altaris versus austrum pro electo collectam legit DCCant. Register/Q f. 48a; erigent se omnes [novicii] et accedentes ad sinistrum ~u altaris a parte orientali singillatim secundum prioritates legent professiones suas Cust. Cant. 14; c1300 Ethericus [ob. 1034] ‥ ibidem [in ecclesia Rames’] sepelitur juxta ~u magni altaris Chr. Rams. app. 339; [Richardus II] tandem in castro de Strivelyn mortuus et in ecclesia fratrum ejusdem ad aquilonare altaris ~u ejusdem tumulatus Fordun Cont. XV 9.  f hec [vena] ramos duos egressa de epate facit, quorum ‥ tendit ‥ alter ad duo ~ua matricis Ric. Med. Anat. 228; Gilb. 304 v. 1 (v. cotyledo 2).  g s1116 [archiepiscopus] Romam proficiscens ‥ dixit se euntem ~ua emere, quoniam Rome omnia venalia erant H. Cantor 12 v (v. infra 12); [abbas] ad episcopalia jam anhelans ~ua Gir. Spec. III 7 p. 163; s1379 dum quilibet pauperrimus abbas pro ~ibus suis teneretur solvere tantum sicut ditissimus ‥ episcoporum Wals. HA I 392.  h queque fenestra nitet / vultibus ornatis—utinam, sine cornibus!—illic Elmh. Metr. Hen. V 679; Fordun Cont. XIV 31 (v. cornutus 4e). 8 corner: a (of land); b (of building); c (of shield). Cf. 2 cornarius. a in Occidentales Britones ‥, qui Cornewalenses vocantur, qui ‥ ~u Gallie ex obliquo respiciunt W. Malm. GR II 134; [Corineus] maluit regionem illam que nunc vel a ~u Brittannie vel per correptionem [sui] nominis Cornubia appellatur G. Mon. I 16.  b c1160 ab aquilonali ~u monasterii AncD A 3022; 11‥ a ~u magni stabuli usque ad ‥ ecclesiam Feod. Durh. 197n; crasseta in laternis ad iiij ~ua claustri ‥ dependencia Cust. Westm. 46.  c respectus habendus est ad colorem illius pali, qui ascenderet ad dextcrum ~u scuti si ipsa quarta ibidem non foret Bad. Aur. 198. 9 wing of army. erant ‥ pedestres caterve Britannico more cum dextro et sinistro ~u in quadrum statute G. Mon. X 6. 10 (log.) horn of dilemma. Cf. cornutus 5. nec tamen adeo cornutus procedis quin †possunt [? l. possint] ~ua ista, ne dicam frangi, dico ligari Adel. QN 69. 11 (pl.) cuckold’s horns. absenti figit dum cornua sponsa marito, / de mecho puerum mecha proterva parit Walt. Angl. Fab. app. 9. 1 (ed. 1894). 12 (fig.) horn as emblem of power or self-assertion. omnia ~ua peccatorum confringam et exaltabuntur ~ua justi [AS: alle hornas synfulra ic gebreocu ond bioð upahefene hornas ðæs rehtwisan] Psalt. Vesp. lxxiv 10(11); sepe recogitavi que ~ua [archiepiscopus] empturum se jactavit. sunt ~ua Dei de quibus Abacuc [iii 4] dicit, ‘‥ ~ua in manibus ejus’. sunt ~ua diaboli de quibus in Apocalipsi [xii 3] bestia habebat ‘decem ~ua’ . ‥ sunt et ~ua justorum et ~ua reproborum de quibus Psalmista ‥ H. Cantor 12v.–13 (cf. (v. supra 7g)); quasi ~ibus gemine potestatis ecclesiam, in cujus sinu quiescunt ‥, ventilare non cessant [cf. Psalm. xliii 6, Ezech. xxxiv 21, etc.] J. Sal. Pol. 693A; delatoris nostri ~ua plenius adhuc retundamus Gir. Ad S. Langton 406; s1250 archiepiscopus ‥, sumens ex regis favore ~ua, ‥ sententiam in canonicos S. Pauli latam ‥ innovavit M. Par. Maj. V 124; s1251 recessus pape ‥ et absentia ~ua dederunt popello illi qui Pastores in Francia dicebantur Id. Min. III 112; quidam serviens Willelmi de Valencia, ex tanto domino ~ua assumens [cf. Am. vi 14] (Rish.) Wals. YN app. 494; s1298 contra Scociam, in suos iterum ~ua erigentem hostilia [cf. Luke i 69], exercitum movit Chr. S. Edm. 70; s1415 [J. Oldkastill’], cognito apparatu disposito contra eum, ~ua arroganter elata submisit Chr. S. Alb. 89; refectis rebellionis ~ubus Ps.-Elmh. Hen. V 48. 13 (w. cervi or cervinum) buck’s horn plantain (Plantago coronopus). V. et. catariacum. ~u cervi, i. herbive SB 17; ~u servinum, G. et A. erbeyve Alph. 46.

cornu, (7) gén. cornūs Cæs. C. 3, 68 et cornū Cels. Med. 5, 22, 2, n. , ¶ 1 corne des animaux : Virg. B. 3, 87 ; G. 3, 232 ¶ 2 [en gén, tout objet dont la substance ressemble à la corne, ou qui a la forme dʼune corne, ou qui est fait de corne] : corne du pied des animaux : Cato Agr. 72 ; Virg. G. 3, 88 || cornée de lʼœil : Plin. 11, 148 || bec des oiseaux : Ov. M. 14, 502 || défense de lʼéléphant, ivoire : Varro L. 7, 39 ; Plin. 8, 7 || antenne des insectes : Plin. 9, 95 || corne, pointe dʼun casque : Liv. 27, 33, 2 || cornes du croissant de la lune : Virg. G. 1, 433 || bras dʼun fleuve : Ov. M. 9, 774 || cor, trompette : Cic. Sulla 17 ; Virg. En. 7, 615 || arc : Virg. B. 10, 59 || vase à huile : Hor. S. 2, 2, 61 || lanterne : Pl. Amph. 341 || entonnoir : Virg. G. 3, 509 || table dʼharmonie : Cic. Nat. 2, 144 || antenne [de vaisseau] : Virg. En. 3, 549 || bouton dʼivoire aux extrémités du bâton autour duquel se roulait un livre ; [au plur.] le bâton lui-même : Mart. 11, 107, 1 ; Tib. 3, 1, 13 || sommet, point culminant dʼune montagne : Stat. Th. 5, 532 || pointe extrême (extrémité) dʼun lieu : Liv. 25, 3, 17 ; Tac. Ann. 1, 75 || houppe de cheveux : Juv. 13, 165 || langue de terre qui sʼavance dans la mer, promontoire : Ov. M. 5, 410 || aile dʼune armée : Cæs. G. 1, 52, etc. ; equitatum omnem in cornibus locat Sall. J. 49, 6, il place toute la cavalerie aux ailes ¶ 3 [fig.] a) corne, en tant que symbole de la force ou de lʼabondance = courage, énergie : cornua sumere Ov. Ars 1, 239, prendre courage ; addis cornua pauperi Hor. O. 3, 21, 18, tu mʼinspires de lʼaudace malgré ma pauvreté || v. cornu copia ; b) symbole de la résistance, de lʼhostilité : cornua alicui obvortere Pl. Ps. 1021, montrer lès dents à qqn (tourner ses cornes contre qqn), cf. Hor. Epo. 6, 12 ; c) attribut de divinités fluviales : Virg. G. 4, 371 ; Mart. 10, 7, 6.

➳ la longueur de la voyelle (ŭ ou ū ) estincertaine, comme dans les autres subst. n. de la 4^e décl.(artu, gelu, genu, ossu, testu, tonitru, veru, pecu ) : de Vaan, 2008 , p. 138-139  ;autres formes : a) v. cornum 1, cornus 1 ; b) décadence : gén. cornuis Capel. 3, 293 ; corni M. Emp. 1, 87, etc. || dat. cornui Capel. 3, 293 || abl. pl. cornuis Treb. Gall. 8, 2 ; cornubus Capel. 3, 293.

cornu , u. n. plur. cornua.
角。牛角。號筒。兩翼兵。旁。象牙。蹄。力。弓。Cornua montis 山諸頂。 Cornua fluminum 河諸派。 Cornua lunae 新月之兩尖。Pauper cornua sumit 窮人豪强。Cornua antennarum 横竿兩頭。Coactum cornu Phaebes 滿月。 Foenum habet in cornu, longe fuge 彼兇哉遠避之。

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cornū ūs (acc.cornum, T., O.), n (once m, C.)

• 1 CAR-, a horn, antler: (animantes) cornibus armatae: tauri, O.: cornu ferit (caper), V.: luctantur cornibus haedi, V.—As a vessel: bilibre, H.—As a funnel: inserto latices infundere cornu, V.—With copia, the horn of plenty(an emblem of abundance): beata pleno Copia cornu, H.: dives meo Bona Copia cornu, O.—A horny substance, horn(poet.): solido sonat ungula cornu, V.: ora cornu indurata rigent, i. e. by the growth of horny bills, O.—A projection, protuberance, horn, point, end: flexum a cornibus arcum Tendit, i. e. from tip to tip, O.: Cornua antemnarum, tips, V.: cornua cristae, the cone(supporting the crest), V.: galeae, L.: per novem cornua lunae, months, O.: septem digestus in cornua Nilus, branches, O.: inclusam cornibus aequor, capes, O.: in cornu sedere, at the end(of the tribunal), L.—Of an army, the wing, extremity, side: dextrum, sinistrum, Cs.: equitatum in cornibus locat, S.— A bow: Parthum, V.—A bugle-horn, horn, trumpet: misit cornua, tubas: Aerea cornua, V.: Berecyntium, H.— The sides of the lyre(orig. two horns holding the strings), C.—In a constellation, The Horn: Tauri, O.: Aries cum cornibus. — Fig., a salient point, chief argument: cornua commovere disputationis. —The wing, flank: qui quasi cornua duo tenuerunt Caesaris, i. e. were his main dependence.—Power, courage, strength, might: addis cornua pauperi, H.

CORNU

CORNUdenotes various objects made of horn, especially a wind instrument, anciently made of horn, but afterwards of brass. (Varr. L. L. 5.117.) According to Athenaeus (4. p. 184 a), it was an invention of the Etruscans. Like the tuba, it differed from the tibia in being a larger and more powerful instrument, and from the tuba itself, in being curved nearly in the shape of a C, with a cross-piece to steady the instrument for the convenience of the performer. In Greek it is called στρογγύλη σάλπιγξ. It had no stopples or plugs to adjust the scale to any particular mode (Burney's Hist. of Music, vol. 1. p. 518); the entire series of notes was produced without keys or holes, by the modification of the breath and the lips at the mouthpiece (Veget. 3.5). Probably, from the description given of it in the poets, it was, like our own horn, an octave lower than the trumpet. The classicum, which originally meant a signal, rather than the musical instrument which gave the signal, was usually sounded with the cornu. Sonuit reflexoClassicum cornu, lituusque aduncoStridulos cantus elisit aere. (Sen. Oed. 752.)

From which lines we learn the distinction between the cornu and lituus, as from Ovid (Ov. Met. 1.98) we learn that between the tuba and corn -- Non tuba directi, non aeris cornua flexi.

The following woodcut, taken from Bartholini (De Tibiis, p. 403), illustrates the above account.

The resemblance of the cornu and the bucina may be inferred from Vegetius' somewhat confused statements: (1) That the cornu was the horn of the urus bound together by silver, while the bucina was a circular brass instrument (3.5); (2) that the cornicines employed a curved brass instrument, the bucinatores a bucina (2.7); (3) that the bucinatores sounded the classicum on a cornu (2.22). The cornu was also used in Bacchic festivals (Catull. 64.263; Pers. 1.99), at funerals (Hor. Sat. 1.6, 44; Petr. Sat. 78), and at the games in the amphitheatre (Juven. 3.34, 10.214-Z2). (Niccolini, Case di Pompei, i., Anfiteatro, pl. iii.)

The Cornicines and the Liticines, the soldiers who blew the cornu and the lituus, in the Roman army (Liv. 2.64, 10) are included under the general name of the Aeneatores. [AENEATORES] The Cornicines and Liticines formed a collegium. In the cut in the next column, M. Julius Victor, a member of the Collegium, holds a lituus in his right hand, and touches with his left a cornu on the ground. See engraving under TUBA

Cornu also signifies the end of the sailyards [NAVIS], a part of the helmet in which the crest was fixed [GALEA], the end of the stick on which books were rolled [LIBER], a part of a bow [ARCUS], a part of the lyre [LYRA], the hair dressed in the German fashion [COMA], a wing of an army [EXERCITUS].

[B.J] [J.H.F]

Cornu

A wind instrument, anciently made of horn, but afterwards of brass (Varr. L. L. v. 117). According to Athenaeus, it was an invention of the Etruscans. Like the tuba, it differed from the tibia in being a larger and more powerful instrument, and from the tuba itself in being curved nearly in the shape of a C, with a crosspiece to steady the instrument for the convenience of the performer. In Greek it is called στρογγύλη σάλπιγξ. It had no stopples or plugs to adjust the scale to any particular mode; the entire series of notes was produced without keys or holes, by the modification of the breath and of the lips at the mouthpiece. Probably, from the description given of it in the poets, it was, like our own horn, an octave lower than the trumpet. The classicum, which originally meant a signal, rather than the musical instrument which gave the signal, was usually sounded with the cornu.

Cornu also signifies the end of the sailyards (see navis), a part of the helmet in which the crest was fixed (see galea), the end of the stick on which books were rolled (see liber), a part of a bow, a part of the lyre, and the wing of an army. See exercitus.