fuga

se fugae mandaverunt
they took their chances on flight Themistoclis fuga et reditus
Themistocles’ exile and return

fuga , ae, f.: a fleeing; a flight, 1.137; escape, 11.815; speed, 1.317; voyage, 3.190; personif., 9.719; ēripere, agitāre fugam, to hasten one’s flight, 2.619, 640; dare fugam, w. dat., to yield, i.e. take flight, 12.367. (fugiō)

fŭga, ae (archaic gen. sing. fugaï, Lucr. 1, 1047; 4, 713), f. [Sanscr. bhug'-, bend; Gr. φεύγω, φυγή, flight, φύζα, terror; Germ. biegen, bend. On fugere and flectere, AngloSax. būgan and fleon; Germ. biegen and fliehen, v. Grimm, Deutsch. Wörterb. 1, 1814], a fleeing, flight, a running away (cf.: effugium, exsilium).

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: quove nunc Auxilio aut exili aut fugae freta sim?Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 113 Vahl.): mittam illa, fugam ab urbe turpissimam, Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1: desperata, id. Phil. 5, 11, 30: dant sese in fugam milites, take flight, id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 95; so, in fugam se conferre, id. Caecin. 8, 22: se conicere, id. Cael. 26, 63: fugam capere, Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 3: petere, id. ib. 2, 24, 1: parare, Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: fugae sese mandare, Caes. B. G. 2, 24, 2: hostes dare in fugam, to put to flight, id. ib. 2, 23, 2; 5, 51 fin.; for which: convertere aciem in fugam, id. ib. 1, 52, 6: conicere hostes in fugam, id. ib. 6, 8, 6; 7, 70, 3: impellere in fugam, Cic. Rab. Perd. 8, 22: facere fugam, to make or cause flight, put to flight, Liv. 1, 56, 4; 21, 5, 16 Drak.; 21, 52, 10; 22, 24, 8; 26, 4, 8; but also to take flight, to flee, Sall. J. 53, 3; 58, 4; Liv. 8, 9, 12; cf. in Verg., dare fugam, under B.: esse in fuga, Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2; 7, 24: reprimere fugam, to prevent, id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 1: spem fugae tollere, id. ib. 1, 25: exercitum fuga, formidine terroreque complere, Ser. Samm. ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 9.—Plur. (mostly poet.): quantae in periculis fugae proximorum, Cic. Mil. 26, 69: celeres fugae, Hor. C. 4, 8, 15: notusque fugarum Vertit terga Has drubal, Sil. 17, 148; cf.: fugas servorum ri det, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 121.—
  • • 2 In partic., flight from one's native land, expatriation, exile, banishment: sibi exsilium et fugam deprecari, Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 9; id. Off. 2, 6, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 3; Ov. P. 2, 8, 68: latā fugā damnari, Amm.19, 12, 9.—In plur.: quoties fugas et caedes jussit princeps, Tac. A. 14, 64: exsilia et fugae, id. Agr. 45.—
  • B Transf., in gen., a flying, swift course or motion, speed (poet.): qualis equos Threissa fatigat Harpalyce volucremque fugā praevertitur Hebrum, Verg. A. 1, 317: cui cesserit incitus amnis: Tanta fuga est, Sil. 3, 307: latumque fuga superabitis amnem, Grat. Cyn. 378: exspectet facilemquo fugam ventosque ferentes, a swift voyage, Verg. A. 4, 430; cf.: (Neptunus) fugam dedit et praeter vada fervida vexit, gave a swift passage, id. ib. 7, 24; but different: fugam dant nubila caelo, hasten away, flee away, id. ib. 2, 367: fuga temporum, a fleeing away, flight, Hor. C. 3, 30, 5: quaere fugam morbi, seek the removal of the disorder, id. Ep. 1, 6, 29: nobilis hic (equus), cujus clara fuga ante alios, Juv. 8, 61.—
  • • 2 In plur., they who flee, runaways: signa fugarum, Col. poët. 10, 125: plane fugae merae, Petr. 45 fin.—
    • 3 A place of banishment or refuge, Ov. H. 6, 158; id. P. 1, 2, 130.—
• II Trop., a fleeing from, avoiding, escape from an evil; disinclination, aversion (class.): simili sunt in culpa, qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga, Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 33: fuga laboris desidiam coarguit, id. Mur. 4, 9: turpitudinis (opp. appetentia honestatis), id. Rep. 1, 2: hanc ignominiam, vel exsilio vel morte, si alia fuga honoris non esset, vitassem, Liv. 3, 67, 2: culpae, Hor. A. P. 31: leti, id. S. 2, 6, 95: paupertatis, id. Ep. 1, 18, 24: pericli, Verg. A. 8, 251: ipsius lucis (with taedium), Quint. 1, 3, 66: quomodo enim vester Axilla Ala factus est, nisi fugā litterae vastioris? Cic. Or. 45, 153.

fuga, ae, f. (φυγή), das Fliehen, die Flucht, das Entweichen, I) im engern Sinne: A) eig.: 1) im allg.: fuga praeceps (wilde), Liv.: fuga trepida (hastige), Liv.: fuga timoris calliditatisque plena, eine höchst feige u. schlaue Fl., Hirt. b. G.: equi fuga, Iustin.: fuga Antonii a Mutina, Vell.: fuga ab urbe turpissima, Cic.: fuga ab Thermopylis, Liv.: Sertori per montes fuga, Sall. fr.: si hoc profectio et non fuga est, Liv.: fugā salutem petere, Nep.: ex fuga (von der Flucht aus, auf der Flucht) in templum Minervae se conicere (sich flüchten), Nep.: se fugā recipere ad alqm, Caes.: alqm ex fuga retrahere, Sall.: esse in fuga, Cic.: hostes in fugam convertere od. dare od. conicere, Caes., od. avertere, Liv., vertere, Liv., od. agere, Iustin.: fugam capere od. petere, Caes., od. in fugam se dare, se conferre, se conicere, Cic., od. fugae se mandare, Caes., od. se dare, Cic.: se in fugam effundere u. effundi in fugam, Liv. – fugam dare, fliehen, Verg.; od. entfliehen lassen, Gelegenheit zur Flucht geben, Verg., Hor. u. Hyg. – fugam facere, die Flucht ergreifen, fliehen, Sall. u. Liv.; u. in die Flucht schlagen, Cic. u. Liv. – immittere fugam, Begierde, zu entfliehen, Verg.: claudere fugam, Mittel, Gelegenheit zur Flucht, Liv.: u. so fugam explicare, Liv., reperire, Verg.: fugam inire, Val. Max. – fugam sistere, Liv. u. Val. Max.: foedam fugam sistere, Liv.: ni mature subveniretur, non posse sisti fugam, Curt. – fuga passim fieri coepta est, die Fl. wurde allgemein, Liv. – Plur., fugae servorum, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 121: fugae celeres, flüchtige Eilmärsche, Hor. carm. 4, 8, 15: quantae in periculis fugae proximorum, Cic. Mil. 69. – u. Plur. meton. = Flüchtlinge, signa fugarum, Col. poët. 10, 125: plane fugae merae, wahre Hasenfüße, die feigsten Memmen, Petron. 45, 13. – 2) insbes. die Flucht aus dem Vaterlande, die Landesflucht, die Verbannung, das Exil, fuga Metelli, Cic.: Themistoclis fuga reditusque, Cic.: patuit quibusdam volentibus fuga (das freiwillige Exil) aut in exilium acti sunt, Liv.: semperne in sanguine, ferro, fuga versabimur? Sall.: ultima sed iustae nox erat illa fugae, Ov.: latā fugā damnari, nach einem bestimmten Verbannungsort verwiesen werden, Amm. 19, 12, 9: Plur., Tac. ann. 14, 64; hist. 5, 24; Agr. 45 (verb. exsilia et fugae). – meton. = der Verbannungsort, Zufluchtsort, Ov. her. 6, 158; ex Pont. 1, 2, 130. – B) übtr., die Scheu vor usw., Abneigung gegen usw., laboris, bellandi, Cic.: fugā litterae vastioris, Cic.: culpae, Hor. – II) im weitern Sinne, das Fliehen = das schnelle Dahineilen, der schnelle Lauf, Verg. – die rasche (Schiff-) Fahrt, Verg.: facilem fugam exspectare, Verg. – übtr., fuga temporum, die Eile, Hor. – ➳ arch. Genet. fugai, Lucr. 1, 1047.

fuga [CL] 1 fleeing, flight (from enemy, pursuit, difficulty, or sim.); b (w. obj. gen.). c (fig.) evasion. d (mil.) flight (from field of battle), rout, defeat. e (w. ref. to time or sim.) swift passing. tunc quantae ~ae, quantae strages Gildas EB 9; cum nil alicubi praesidii nisi in ~a esse videretur, Paulinus ‥ rediit Cantiam Bede HE II 20; multi cervorum levem ~am inierunt B. V. Dunst. 14; Wulf. Swith. II 1130, etc. (v. arripere 3c); Adel. QN 15 (v. 2 esse 14c); cum neque arma capiendi neque ~am faciendi congruum spatium haberet G. Mon. I 9; Amphibalus ‥ ante lucis exortum ~am arripuit, per viam tendens que de civitate vergit ad aquilonem W. S. Alb. V. Alb. & Amphib. 10; ut fugitivam aviculam ‥ nec artificiosa nec longa ~a ‥ tueatur Gir. TH I 12 p. 38; Cust. Cant. 253 (v. 3 districtio 2b).  b finis amare Deum, vitii fuga, cultus honesti, / sese nosse J. Sal. Enth. Phil. 421.  c iste impugnatus non poterit recurrere ad illam miseram ~am, dicendo quod alii sumunt ‘usum’ improprie et ipse proprie, sicut fecit respondendo ad objecciones contra secundam assercionem Ockham Pol. II 555.  d acies, segnis ad pugnam, inhabilis ad ~am Gildas EB 19; simulantibus ~am hostibus Bede HE IV 24 p. 266; ~am suam Brittonumque victoriam G. Mon. IV 5; Gir. EH I 21 (v. desubitatio); W. Guisb. 208 (v. dare 11a); Bad. Aur. 143 (v. dishonorare a); s1214 (v. dedecorose).  e usque fugam vitae cum mors bacchatur acerba Aldh. VirgV 968; posset esse velocior ~a temporum quam sit? Neckam NR II 173 p. 299. 2 (leg.) flight (after a crime, giving rise to presumption of guilt). 1182 Jheremias de Lond’ r. c. de lxx m. pro ~a quam fecit in ecclesiam unde noluit esse ad rectum in curia regis Pipe 161; 1197 (v. decena 1b); 1230 perdonavimus ipsi Rogerio utlageriam que in ipsum promulgate fuit occasione ~e quam fecit pro predicta morte Pat 393; 1241 (v. gaiola 1a); Bracton 125b (v. derelinquere 2d); 1290 (v. capere 8a). 3 pursuit (in quot., fig.). qui novitatibus gaudent, qui subtilium rerum ~am appetunt, habent Aristotilem et libros Platonicos, audiant illos Dial. Scac. prol.. 4 (right of) hunting, the chase. b (transf.) chase, area set aside for hunting. 1275 dicunt quod Robertus de C. clamat habere ~am ad wlpem, leporem et catum, nesciunt quo war’ Hund. I 157.  b 1239 acra ‥ jacet ‥ inter ~am domini abbatis ‥ et dominicum domini abbatis Reg. S. Aug. 409; repetam silvestres ~as et saltus densos ut abscondar in eis et mixtam feris ducam similemque vitam Chaundler Apol. 18b. 5 right of driving (livestock). b (transf.) droveway. 1296 quolibet tercio anno habebunt ~am sum cum animalibus suis ad moram Hal. Durh. 11; 1317 in mora predicta omnes vicini, qui ad eandem ~am habere poterunt, communicare debent cum omnimodis averiis suis Cart. Glast. 228.  b 1272 concesserunt ‥ quod habeant ~am sufficientem animalibus suis et hominum suorum inter campos de W. et de P. ad magnum bruerium de W. et de P. usque ad divisas bruerii de S. Cart. Chester 386; 1293 concessit ‥ unam viam ad †clasiam averiorum suorum et ut ~am habere posset per unam vastam clausi sui usque in pasturam CourtR Hales 239; fecit fieri unam novam boveriam in Estum pro profunda et lutosa ~a boum tempore seminis evitanda Whittlesey 154. 6 (in plant name, ~a daemonum) St John’s wort. SB 22 (v. daemon 2e); tota domus ponatur plena herba ipericon que vocatur ~a demonum Gad. 78. 2; herbe Jon, herba Johannis, ~a demonum CathA.

fŭga, (6) æ, f. (φυγή), ¶ 1 fuite, action de fuir : fuga ab urbe turpissima Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1, une fuite si honteuse loin de la ville ; desperata fuga Cic. Phil. 5, 30, fuite désespérée ; in fugam sese dare Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 95 ; se conferre Cic. Cæc. 22 ; se conjicere Cic. Cæl. 63, prendre la fuite ; capere Cæs. G. 7, 26, 3 ; petere Cæs. G. 2, 24, 1, prendre la fuite, chercher à fuir ; fugæ sese mandare Cæs. G. 2, 24, 2, chercher son salut dans la fuite ; aliquem in fugam dare, conjicere, convertere, impellere, mettre qqn en fuite : Cæs. G. 5, 51, 5 ; 2, 23, 2 ; 1, 52, 6 ; Cic. Rab. perd. 22 ; esse in fuga Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2 ; 7, 24, être en fuite ; fugam dare Virg. En. 12, 368, fuir [mais v. ci-après § 4 Virg. En. 7, 24 ] || fugam facere = fugere, fuir : Ter. Eun. 787 ; Sall. J. 53, 3 ; Liv. 8, 9, 12 ; = fugare, mettre en fuite : Liv. 21, 5, 16 ; 21, 52, 10 ; etc. ; fugas facere Cic. Domo 67, mettre souvent en fuite ; fugam factam esse constat Cic. Cæc. 43, cʼest un fait quʼil y a eu fuite ¶ 2 fuite de qqch., action dʼéviter : laborum, dolorum Cic. Fin. 1, 33, la fuite des fatigues, des douleurs, cf. Cic. Mur. 9 ; etc. || [avec a ] Sen. Ep. 121, 20 ¶ 3 exil, bannissement : Cic. Off. 2, 20 ; Rep. 1, 6 ; etc. ; Tac. Ann. 14, 64 ; H. 5, 24 || [poét.] lieu dʼexil : Ov. H. 6, 158 ; P. 1, 2, 130 ¶ 4 course rapide : fugam dare Virg. En. 7, 24, accélérer la course [de qqn], cf. Virg. En. 1, 317 ; 4, 430 ; Juv. 8, 61 ; fuga temporum Hor. O. 3, 30, 5, la fuite des temps.

➳ gén. arch. fugāī Lucr. 1, 1047.

fuga , ae. f.
逃。快跑。恨。發配。

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fuga ae, f

• 2 FVG-, a fleeing, flight, running away: adornare fugam, T.: ab urbe turpissima: desperata: exercitūs foeda, S.: dant sese in fugam milites: fugam capere, Cs.: parare: hostīs dare in fugam, put to flight, Cs.: in fugam conicere, Cs.: impellere in fugam: cum terrorem fugamque fecisset, caused a panic, L.: fugam ex ripā fecit, drove(the foe), L.: fugam faciunt, take flight, S.: neque hostium fugam reprimi posse, be checked, Cs.: opportunior fugae collis, S.: naves eius fugā se Adrumetum receperunt, after his flight, Cs.: quantae in periculis fugae proximorum: celeres fugae, H.—Expatriation, exile, banishment: se in fugam coniecisse: Aristidi: exsilia et fugae, Ta.—A flying, swift course, rapid motion, speed: Harpalyce volucrem fugā praevertitur Hebrum, V.: facilis, a swift voyage, V.: (Neptunus) fugam dedit, a swift passage, V.: fugam dant nubila caelo, flee away, V.: temporum, flight, H.: (equus) Clara ante alios, Iu.—A place of banishment, refuge: toto quaeret in orbe fugam, O.—A means of removal, remedy: morbi, H.—Fig., a fleeing, avoiding, avoidance, shunning, escape: laborum: turpitudinis: alia honoris, honorable way of escape, L.: leti, H.