ob

mors ob oculos saepe versata est
death often lingered before the eyes pecuniam accepit ob necem hospitis sui
he received money in return for the murder of his host quam ob rem
for which reason

ob : (prep.) owing to, for, on account of, 1.4; for the sake of, 6.660.

ŏb (old form obs, v. III.), prep. with acc. (in late Lat. also with the abl.: OB PERPETVO EIVS ERGA SE AMORE, Inscr. Orell. 106) [Osc. op; kindr. with Sanscr. api; Gr. ἐπί].

• I Lit.
• • A With verbs of motion, towards, to (only ante-class.): IS TERTHS DIEBVS OB PORTVM OBVAGVLATVM ITO, let him go before his house to summon him, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. portum, p. 233 Müll.: ob Romam legiones ducere, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 179 Müll. (Ann. v. 295 Vahl.); cf.: ob Troiam duxit, id. ib. p. 178 Müll. (Incert. libr. v. 5 Vahl.): cujus ob os Grai ora obvertebant sua, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39; and ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2 (Trag. Rel. p. 211 Rib.).—
  • B With verbs of rest, about, before, in front of, over (in Cic.): follem sibi obstringit ob gulam, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23 (302): lanam ob oculum habere, id. Mil. 5, 37 (1430): ob oculos mihi caliginem obstitisse, before my eyes, id. ib. 2, 4, 51 (404): mors ob oculos saepe versata est, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39; id. Sest. 21, 47: ignis qui est ob os offusus, id. Univ. 14.—
• II Transf., to indicate the object or cause, on account of, for, because of, by reason of, etc.
• • A In gen. (freq. and class.): etiam ob stultitiam tuam te tueris? do you still defend yourself with regard to your folly? Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 82 (708): pretium ob stultitiam fero, Ter. And. 610; id. Phorm. 370: ob eam rem iratus, on that account, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 33 (672): neu quid ob eam rem succenseat, id. ib. 4, 4, 39 (678); Ter. Ad. 895: Mi. Ob eam rem? De. Ob eam, id. ib. 977: ob rem nullam, id. Hec. 800: hanc Epicurus rationem induxit ob eam rem, quod veritus est, ne, etc., Cic. Fat. 10, 23: ob eam causam, quod, etc., id. Rep. 1, 7, 12: quam ob causam venerant, id. de Or. 1, 7, 26: non solum ob eam causam fieri volui, quod, etc., id. Rep. 1, 21, 34: ob hanc causam, quod, id. ib. 2, 1, 3: nec ob aliam causam ullam, etc., id. Lael. 20, 74: ob meas injurias, Ter. Heaut. 137; cf.: quodnam ob facinus? id. ib. 956: ob peccatum hoc. id. ib. 990: ob malefacta haec, id. Ad. 200: ob illam injuriam, Cic. Rep. 2, 25, 46: ob aliquod emolumentum suum, id. Font. 8, 17: (eum) ac Troiam misi ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 13, 28 (Trag. v. 362 Vahl.): ob rem judicandam pecuniam adcipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; id. Att. 1, 17, 8; id. Mur. 1, 1; id. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 119; Sall. J. 89, 2; Quint. 5, 10, 87: nec meliores ob eam scientiam nec beatiores esse possumus, on account of, for that knowledge, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 32: ob eam (amicitiam) summā fide servatam, id. Lael. 7, 25: is igitur dicitur ab Amulio ob labefactandi regni timorem, ad Tiberim exponi jussus esse, id. Rep. 2, 2, 4: unius ob iram Prodimur, Verg. A. 1, 251; cf.: saevae memorem Junonis ob iram, id. ib. 1, 4; cf. also: aut ob avaritiam aut miserā ambitione laborat, Hor. S. 1, 4, 26: barbarus eum quidam palam ob iram interfecti ab eo domini obtruncat, Liv. 21, 2, 6: non noxā neque ob metum, Tac. H. 2, 49: Germanicum mortem ob rem publicam obiisse, for the republic, id. A. 2, 83: cum quibus ob rem pecuniariam disceptabat, id. ib. 6, 5.—
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 In consideration of, in return for, instead of (mostly ante-class.): ob asinos ferre argentum, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 80 (336); id. Ep. 5, 2, 38 (703): quin arrhabonem a me accepisti ob mulierem? id. Rud. 3, 6, 23 (861): ager oppositus est pignori Ob decem minas, Ter. Phorm. 661: talentum magnum ob unam fabulam datum esse, C.Gracch. ap. Gell. 11, 10 fin.: pecuniam ob absolvendum accipere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78: pecuniam ob delicta dare, Tac. A. 14, 14.—
    • 2 Ob rem, like ex re (opp. frustra), to the purpose, with advantage, profitably, usefully (very rare): An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, Ter. Phorm. 525: verum id frustra an ob rem faciam, in vostrā manu situm est, Sall. J. 31, 5.—
    • 3 Ob industriam, on purpose, intentionally, Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 6 (803); 2, 3, 58 (274) (id. ib. 2, 3, 60 (276), de industriā); cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 14 (123).—
    • 4 Quam ob rem, also written in one word, quamobrem, on which account, wherefore, therefore, hence, accordingly; a very freq. particle of transition, esp. in Cic.: quam ob rem id primum videamus, quatenus, etc., Cic. Lael. 11, 36: quam ob rem utrique nostrūm gratum admodum feceris, id. ib. 4, 16; 2, 10; 3, 12; 4, 15; id. Rep. 1, 5, 9; 1, 19, 32 et saep.—
    • 5 Ob id, ob hoc, ob haec, ob ea, ob quae, on that account, therefore (not ante-Aug.).
    • • a Ob id: ignaris hostibus et ob id quietis, Liv. 25, 35; 28, 2; Tac. A. 2, 66; 3, 75; 13, 5: ob id ipsum, Curt. 4, 16, 23.—
      • b Ob hoc: ob hoc cum omnia neglecta apud hostes essent, Liv. 25, 37; Sen. Q. N. 7, 14, 4; Col. 7, 3, 21; cf.: ob hoc miserior, Sen. Ep. 98, 5. —
      • c Ob haec: ob haec cum legatos mitti placuisset, Liv. 8, 23; 21, 50; 38, 34; Cels. 1 praef.—
      • d Ob ea: ob ea consul Albinus senatum de foedere consulebat, Sall. J. 39, 2.—
      • e Ob quae: ob quae posterum diem reus petivit, Tac. A. 2, 30 fin.; Suet. Ner. 13.—
• III In composition, the b of ob remains unchanged before vowels and most consonants; only before p, f, c, g, is assimilation more common: oppeto, offero, occido, ogganio, etc.—An ancient form obs, analogous to abs, is implied in obs-olesco and os-tendo.—In signification, that of direction towards, or of existence at or before a thing is predominant, although it likewise gives to the simple verb the accessory notion of against: obicere, opponere, obrogare.

ob, Praep. m. Acc. (altindisch api, zu, nach, griech. ἐπί), I) im Raume, zur Angabe der Richtung, a) bei Verben der Bewegung = gegen... hin, nach... hin, nach... zu, nach, ob Romam legiones ducere, Enn. fr.: ob os ora sua obvertere, Enn.: ignis, qui est ob os offusus, Cic.; vgl. sufferre tergum ob iniuriam, Plaut. fr.: corvi quasi ob oculos imago constituta est, Augustin. – b) bei Verben der Ruhe = vor, über... hin, über, follem obstrinxit ob gulam, Plaut.: lanam ob oculum habere, Plaut.: ob oculos versari, Cic.: ob oculos mihi caliginem obstitisse, Plaut. – II) in anderen Verhältnissen: 1) zur Bezeichnung des Zweckes, Zieles, der Ursache, Veranlassung = um... willen, wegen, qui ob aliquod emolumentum suum cupidius aliquid dicere videntur, Cic.: ob rem iudicandam pecuniam accipere, Cic.: ob merita sua carus est, Sall.: unius ob iram prodimur, Verg.: ob eam iram, aus Unwillen darüber, Liv.: ob eam causam, Cic.: ob eas causas, Caes.: ob eam rem, quam ob rem, deswegen, Cic. u. Caes.: u. so quas ob res, Cornif. rhet.: ebenso ob ea, ob quae, Sall.: u. ob id, ob id ipsum, ob hoc, ob haec, Liv., Vell. u. Tac.: non ob aliud, aus keinem anderen Grunde, gerade deshalb, Curt.: ob industriam = de industria, Plaut.: ob metum, vor od. aus Furcht, Tac.: regi ignoti ob aetatem, infolge des usw., Curt. – 2) zur Bezeichnung des Entgeltes =zum Entgelt für, gegen, für, ob asinos ferre argentum, Plaut.: ager oppositus est pignori ob decem minas, Ter.: talentum magnum ob unam fabulam datum, C. Gracch. fr. – 3) ob rem, eig. einer Wirklichkeit, einem wirklichen Interesse gegenüber = im Interesse der Sache, mit Erfolg für die Sache (Ggstz. frustra), An. Non pudet vanitatis? Do. Minume, dum ob rem, Ter. Phorm. 526: id frustra an ob rem faciam, in vestra manu situm est, Sall. Iug. 31, 5. – ➳ ob vos sacro als t. t. der alten Religionsspr. = vos obsecro, nach Fest. 190 (b), 2.

ob [CL] 1 in front of, in the way of, along, or sim.: a (w. acc.); b (w. abl.). a ut ‥ Dominum ‥ Gregorius ‥ et W. ‥ comitarentur, quousque ob iter eis occurreret auctoritas apostolica, per quam ad curiam accedere valerent Ad. Marsh Ep. 170.  b s872 castra metati sunt ob ambitu London urbis Æthelw. IV 3 p. 40. 2 (causal) on account of, because of, by reason of, or sim.: a (w. acc.); b (w. abl.). a beatissimum dicebam Petrum ob Christi integram confessionem Gildas EB 1 p. 26; a caelo ob scelera adempti Ib. 109; p675 diversas ob causas Aldh. Ep. 4 p. 483; ecclesia, quae et filia multitudinis ob abundantiam concurrentium ad fidem populorum vocatur Bede Cant. 1193; ebrietas corporalis est quando homo ob nimiam potationem proprium sensum ‥ amittit Ailr. Serm. 31. 23.  b 814 ob incertitudine temporalium rerum CS 344; Severus ‥ murum ‥ ob incursione Pictorum ‥ facere praecepit Nen. HB 128; ob hiis ‥ et similibus objurgatus Meaux I 264; 1472 ob interna devocione quam ad ‥ Sanctum Thomam gerimus Lit. Cant. III 258. 3 (ob hoc or id) for this reason, because of that; b (w. quia) for the reason ‥ that; c (w. ut or ne & subj.) so that; (w. ne) so that not. ob hoc sumptuosas ‥ opulentias ‥ cumulantem Aldh. VirgP 24; aiunt ‥ ob hoc fuisse altercationem diaboli cum angelo Comm. Cant. III 75; multae gravitatis ac veritatis vir et ob id omnibus ‥ honorabilis, cum mitteretur Cantiam ob adducendam inde conjugem regi Bede HE III 15 p. 157; nos ‥ regulam ob id in prefatis temporibus conjunctivi flocci pendimus Abbo QG 15 (33); ob hoc quasi manifestus seductor jubetur interfici Bald. Cant. Commend. Fid. 85. 9. 625.  b ob id falsitas quia apte proferri cernitur veritas a stultis aestimatur Bede Prov. 956; non ob hoc est maledictus quia sperat resurgere T. Chobham Praed. 180.  c ob id solum, ut ‥ habitudo corporea ‥ perornetur Aldh. VirgP 58 p. 317; quod huic libro vocabulum Solomon ob id imposuit ut sciremus altius ‥ intelligere Id. Prov. 937B; ut ob id maxime insequendos ‥ doceret hereticos ne fidem ecclesiae ‥ eorum infestatio scinderet Id. Cant. 1114; Saulum [percussit] ob hoc ut de Saulo persecutore in Paulum mutaretur apostolum Id. Ep. Cath. 57. 4 (final) with a view to, for the sake of, or sim.; b (w. gdv.). vittae ‥ ut ligari possint ob signum recordationis Comm. Cant. I 430; ut ‥ legitima jugalitatis fecunditas ob liberorum posteritatem sumpta notabiliter squalescat Aldh. VirgP 9 p. 238; ob potiorem virginitatis gloriam ut spurca sterquilinia sprevit Ib. 44p. 296; ob auram inanis glorie supremis se ‥ periculis exponunt Neckam NR II 175; ob remedium animarum nostrarum sanctorum suffragia implorantes Found. Waltham 19 p. 22.  b ob testimonium verum Deo ferendum Gildas EB 73; ob indaganda secretorum arcana Aldh. VirgP 20 p. 250; ob arcendos barbarorum impetus Bede HE III 2 p. 129; ob memoriam conservandam Ib. V 24 p. 352; ille integer vitae ob detergendam rubiginem nostrorum facinorum sustinuit ‥ immanium clavorum acerbitatem in palmis et pedibus Abbo Edm. 11; ob [v. l. ad] pacificandos ‥ motus W. Malm. HN 450; a1180 (v. falda 1c).

ŏb, (6) prép. avec acc., ¶ 1 devant [rare] : [avec mouv^t ] ob Romam legiones ducere Enn. Ann. 297, conduire les légions devant Rome, cf. Acc. d. Cic. Tusc. 3, 39 ; xii tab. 2, 3 || [sans mouv^t ] ob gulam obstringere, v. obstringo ; ob oculos versari Cic. Sest. 47, se trouver devant les yeux ; cf. Pl. Mil. 1178 ; 1430 ¶ 2 pour, à cause de : ob eam rem, ob eam causam, à cause de cela, pour cette raison : Cic. Fato 23 ; Rep. 1, 12, etc., v. quamobrem ; ob eam scientiam Cic. Rep. 1, 32, à cause de cette connaissance ; ob id ipsum quod, quia, Cic. Fin. 3, 63 ; Tusc. 1, 11, pour la raison précisément que ; ob amicitiam servatam Cic. Læl. 25, pour avoir conservé lʼamitié ; ob hoc, ob id, ob hæc, à cause de cela : Liv. 25, 37 ; 25, 35 ; 21, 50 ¶ 3 pour, en échange de : ob beneficium Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 137, en retour dʼun bienfait ; pecuniam ob absolvendum accipere Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, recevoir de lʼargent pour absoudre, cf. Pl. Epid. 703 ; Rud. 861 ; Ter. Phorm. 662 || [expression] ob rem, en retour dʼun résultat réel, avec profit, utilement : Ter. Phorm. 526 ; Sall. J. 31, 5.

➳ en composition obs, souvent réduit à os (ostendo) || ob employé pour ad en composition dʼaprès P. Fest. 201 || construit avec abl. et gén. à la décadence.

ob . praep. acc.
praep. acc. 因。對而。周。當面。— rem 因利錢。— absolvendum pecuniam accipere 受銀以免罪。— id unum 特爲此。— oculos 于眼前。

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*ob. comp.
遊。當面。逆。緊。去。

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ob prep.

• with acc.—With verbs of motion, towards, to: cuius ob os Grai ora obvertebant sua, Poët. ap. C.: Turni se pestis ob ora Fert, V.— With verbs of rest, before, in front of, over against: non mihi mors ob oculos versabatur?: ignis ob os offusus.—On account of, for, because of, by reason of, for the sake of: pretium ob stultitiam fero, T.: tibi ob eam rem bene faxim, T.: ob rem nullam misit (me), for nothing, T.: ob merita carus, S.: ob aliquod emolumentum suum: ob rem iudicandam pecuniam accipere: meliores ob eam scientiam esse, for that knowledge: unius ob iram Prodimur, V.: Aut ob avaritiam aut miserā ambitione laborat, H.—In the phrase, quam ob rem (or quamobrem), on which account, wherefore, therefore, hence, accordingly: quam ob rem id primum videamus, quatenus, etc.—With neut. pron., on that account, therefore: ignaris hostibus et ob id quietis, L.: ob haec consuli nihil cunctandum visum, L.: ob ea consul senatum consulebat, S.—In consideration of, in return for, instead of: ager oppositus est pignori Decem ob minas, T.: pecuniam ob absolvendum accipere: tibi has Haudquaquam ob meritum poenas Suscitat, in proportion to, V.—In the phrase, ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, profitably, usefully: An. non pudet Vanitatis? Do. minime, dum ob rem, T.: id frustra an ob rem faciam, S.