pecus

quid interest inter hominem et pecudem?
what lies between man and beast?

pecus , oris, n.: a flock or herd, freq.; cattle; brood, 1.435.

pecus , udis, f.: one animal of a flock or herd; an animal, 1.743; a sheep, 3.120; victim for sacrifices, 4.63.

pĕcus, pecŏris, n. [Zend, pacu, cattle; cf. Goth. faihu; Angl.-Sax. feó, cattle; Germ. Vieh; Engl. fee. Fick refers the word to root pag- of pango, etc.], cattle, as a collective, a herd (opp.: pecus, pecudis, a single head of cattle).

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: bubulum pecus, horned cattle, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13; Col. 6, 13, 2: ovile, sheep, id. 1 prooem.: caprile, id. ib.: pecus majus et minus ... de pecore majore, in quo sunt ad tres species naturā discreti, boves, asini, equi, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 12: equinum, a stud, Verg. G. 3, 72: setigerum pecus, the bristly herd, i. e. the herd of swine, Ov. M. 14, 288: flammatum pecus, the thirsty steeds, Stat. Th. 4, 733: volatile pecus, fowls, hens, Col. 8, 4: ignavum fucos pecus a praesepibus arcent, i. e. the drones, Verg. G. 4, 168.—So of bees, Col. 9, 8, 6.—Of seals: omne cum Proteus pecus egit altos Visere montes, Hor. C. 1, 2, 7; cf. of fish: aquatile, Col. 8, 17, 7.—
  • B In partic, of sheep, small cattle, a flock: pecori et bubus diligenter substernatur. Scabiem pecori et jumentis caveto (shortly after: frondem substernito ovibus bubusque), Cato R. R. 5, 7: boni pastoris est pecus tondere non deglubere, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 32: balatus pecorum, Verg. G. 3, 554; Plin. 8, 47, 72, § 187.—
• II Transf.
• • A Of a single animal: inque pecus magnae subito vertare parentis = pecudem, the young lion, Ov. Ib. 459; Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 7, 9.—In late and eccl. Lat. the distinction between pecus, f., and pecus, n., nearly disappears, and the latter is found in all senses of the words; cf. Vulg. Lev. 20, 15; id. 2 Par. 14, 15; id. Isa. 66, 3.—
  • B Contemptuously, or as a term of abuse, of persons, cattle: mutum et turpe pecus, Hor. S. 1, 3, 100: o imitatores, servum pecus, id. Ep. 1, 19, 19: simul ite, Dindymenae dominae vaga pecora, Cat. 63, 13: sed venale pecus Corythae posteritas, Juv. 8, 62.

pĕcus, ŭdis (masc.: pecudi marito, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 659 P. or Trag. v. 336 Vahl.—Nom. sing., Caesar ap. Prisc. p. 719; cf. Charis. p. 72.—Plur. collat. form, neutr., pecuda, Att., Sisenn., and Cic. ap. Non. 159, 11; v. infra), f. [same root with pecu and pecus, ŏris], a single head of cattle, a beast, brute, animal, one of a herd (opp.: pecus, pecŏris, cattle collectively; different from animal, which includes man).

• I Lit.
• • A In gen.: Neptuni pecudes terrestres pecudes, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 45 (834): squammigerum pecudes, the fishes, Lucr. 2, 343: genus aequoreum, pecudes pictaeque volucres, land animals, Verg. G. 3, 243: genera pecudum ferarum, Varr. R. R. 2, 1: anates buxeis rostris pecudes, Varr. ap. Non. 460, 9: quā pecude (sc. sue) nihil genuit natura fecundius, Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160: quantum natura hominis pecudibus reliquisque bestiis antecedat, domestic animals, id. Off. 1, 30, 105: ista non modo homines, sed ne pecudes quidem mihi passurae esse videntur, id. Cat. 2, 9, 20; id. Att. 1, 16, 6.—Plur. neutr. pecuda: vagant, pavore pecuda in tumulis deserunt, Att. ap. Non. 159, 11; Sisenn. ap. Non. 159, 17: cum adhibent in pecuda pastores, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 159, 13.—
  • B In partic.
  • • 1 A head of small cattle, one of a flock: at variae crescunt pecudes armenta feraeque, Lucr. 5, 228.—
    • 2 A sheep: haedi cornigeras norunt matres, agnique petulci balantum pecudes, Lucr. 2, 369; Ov. F. 4, 903: pecudem spondere sacello Balantem, Juv. 13, 232: pecus et caprae, Plin. 24, 11, 53, § 90.—
    • 3 Collectively, = 1. pecus, id genus pecudis, horses, Col. 6, 27, 13.—
• II Transf., as a term of reproach for an ignorant, stupid, or filthy person, a beast, brute: istius, pecudis ac putidae carnis consilium, Cic. Pis. 9, 19: istius impurissimae atque intemperantissimae pecudis sordes, id. ib. 29, 72; id. Phil. 8, 3, 9; cf.: Gaius Caesar pecudem auream eum appellare solitus est, Tac. A. 13, 1.

pĕcus, ūs, m., i. q. 1. pecus, Lucil. ap. Gell. 20, 8, 4.

1. pecus, oris, n., das Vieh als Gattung gedacht (dagegen pecus, udis = ein einzelnes Stück Vieh), I) eig.: A) im allg.: p. maius et minus, Varro: p. bubulum, Varro: p. equinum, Varro: p. ovillum, caprinum, Colum.: p. caprarium, Solin.: p. lanigerum, Schafe, Ov.: p. setosum, Colum., od. (poet.) setigerum, Ov., Schweine, p. volatile, Federvieh, Geflügel, Colum.: p. aquatile, Fische, Colum.: Nerei p., Fische, Liv. Andr. fr. u. Pacuv. fr.: Proteus pecus (Seetiere) agit, Hor. – v. den Bienen, Colum.: v. den Hummeln, Verg. – B) insbes.: 1) das Kleinvieh, bes. Schafe, pecus capraeque, Plin.: balatus pecorum, Verg.: pecora et armenta, Curt.: pecus Tarentinum, molle, mit feiner Wolle, Colum., Ggstz. hirtum, mit grober Wolle, Laber fr. u. Colum. – pecus tondere, Suet. – 2) (poet.) = ein Stück Vieh, pecus magnae parentis, vom jungen Löwen, Ov. Ib. 455 M. – 3) das Junge im Mutterleibe, Firm. math. 6, 31. Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 21; de res. carn. 34 u.a. Eccl. – II) übtr., v. Menschen, als Schimpfwort, imitatorum servum pecus, Hor.: dominae pecora, Catull.

2. pecus, udis, f. (pecu, pecus, oris), das Vieh als einzelnes Stück, das Tier, I) eig.: A) im allg.: Indica, v. Elefanten, Mart.: sus...; quā pecude, Cic. – gew. im Plur., pecudes, quae generis sui sequuntur greges, Cic.: pecudes natantes, Fische, Lucr.: u. so Neptuni pecudes, Fische, Plaut.: pecudes ferae, Varro: solertia pecudum, der Bienen, Verg.: verb. pecudes et bestiae, zahmes (od. nutzbares) u. wildes Vieh, Cic. – kollektiv (= 1. pecus), das Vieh, id genus pecudis, v. Pferden, Colum. 6, 27, 13. – B) insbes.: a) ein Stück Kleinvieh, bes. ein Schaf, armenta et pecudes, Lucr. – lien pecudis (des Schafes), Plin.: pecudes balantum, Lucr.: pecus Helles, der Widder, Ov. – b) im Plur. = Landtiere, genus aequoreum, pecudes pictaeque volucres, Verg. georg. 3, 243. – II) übtr., v. Menschen, bes. von Stumpfsinnigen, als Schimpfwort, Cic. Pis. 19: pecus aurea, Tac. ann. 13, 1: stupor hominis vel dicam pecudis (Schafes), Cic. Phil. 2, 30: Aristippus et Cyrenaici et ceterae pecudes philosophorum, Hieron. comm. in eccles. p. 441 Vall. – ➳ Als masc., Enn. fr. scen. 296. Ven. Fort. vit. S. Mart. 3, 301 u. 311. – Plur. heterogen. pecuda, Acc. tr. 409. Sisenn. hist. 4. fr. 76 (bei Non. 159, 17). Cic. de rep. 4, 1. fr. 7 (aus Non. 159, 13): inertissimorum pecudum, Apul. met. 8, 15.

1 pecus, -oris [CL] 1 domestic animal; b (dist. from 2 pecus); c (dist. from animal); d (dist. from bestia); e (dist. from bos); f (dist. from draught animal); g (dist. as for sexual use); h (dist. from human). de salicis trunco, pecoris quoque tergore raso / componor Aldh. Aen. 87 (Clipeus) 1; cum aliis pastoribus ~ora domini sui pascebat V. Cuthb. I 5; quis pascit ~us, quod nec tantum prodest quantum consumit? Anselm Medit. 76; adquirat ex illis vj [hominibus] unum pro animali suo, vel pro ~ore [AS: æt þam orfe] quod hoc valeat (Quad.) GAS 141; frugibus arva, ~ore montes, nemorosa feris abundant Gir. TH I 5; Josue habuit hec loca ad possidendum et colendum; Levite autem ad alendum peccora S. Langton Chron. 100; si pecus cespitat, tu virgo virgula / cede calcaribus, cruenta stimula Walt. Wimb. Carm. 238.  b s1140 milites castellorum abducebant ab agris ~ora et pecudes W. Malm. HN 483; sciendum quod dicimus ~ora de majoribus, pecudes autem de minoribus Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 421.  c 1250 Warinus habeat in eadem pastura tot animalia et ~ora quot ad ipsum pertinet habendum CurR 1257.  d pasturam ~oribus et bestiis eorum in bosco et plano cum suis propriis ~oribus Act. Hen. II I 127.  e qui immolat bovem, quasi qui interficiat virum: qui mactat ~us, quasi qui excerebret canem Gildas EB 79.  f insula ‥ apta ~oribus ac jumentis Bede HE I 1 p. 10; c1350 hoc ~us, ~oris, beste unde versus: est pecus hec quod arat, pecus hoc quod non juga curat hec ~us, -dis, beste (Nominale) Medium Ævum III 15.  g qui cum ~oribus vel masculis se coinquinaverunt Rob. Flamb. Pen. 273.  h pro tota decima terre ‥ que pertinet ad parochiam ecclesie de Eytone, tam frugum quam ~orum et hominum Doc. Theob. 292. 2 (transf., w. ref. to sheep as belonging to Christ, the community of the faithful, or sim.). dum quondam sanctus benedixit pecori caro Mir. Nin. 211; interest ‥ curati ‥ agnoscere vultum ~oris sui Conway Def. Mend. 1340.

2 pecus, -udis [CL] , domestic animal; b (dist. from 1 pecus); c (dist. as sheep); d (w. ref. to horse); e (dist. as deer, as royal livestock); f (dist. from armentum); g (dist. from averium); h (dist. as for sexual use); i (dist. from human). sed spicula trudo / setigeras pecudum stimulans per vulnera pulpas Aldh. Aen. 36. 5; regio farris et maxime tritici ‥ jejuna et inops, ~orum et piscium ferax W. Malm. GP IV 172 p. 308; c1210 quod quilibet predictorum burgensium habeat ‥ pasturam communem ad omne genus ~udum Ch. Chester 349 p. 348.  b W. Malm. HN 483 ; Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 421 (v. 1 pecus 1b).  c hidas et tres virgatas terre, et decimam de Thama, in annona, in ~udibus et lana et caseis Act. Hen. II I 332.  d equa hec, quam vident oculi tui, puella virgo et filia nostra fuit ‥ ego hanc quam ostenditis puellam video nihil in se ~udis habentem Alb. Lond. DG 4. 7.  e c1215 qui servet ~udes meas (Ch.) EHR VIII 291; venit quidam damus quasi ~us perterita SelPlForest 76.  f ut [boa] ‥ non solum armenta et ~udes ‥ absorbeat Aldh. VirgP 29.  g c1210 cum communi pastura ejusdem ville ad certum numerum ~udum et averiorum Regesta Scot. 449.  h peccans cum ~ode, anno [peniteat] Gildas Pen. 11; qui saepe cum masculo aut cum ~ude fornicat Theod. Pen. I 2. 2; qui multa mala fecerit, id est, homicidium, adulterium cum muliere et cum ~ude, et furtum Ib. I 7. 1; qui cum ~ode peccaverit vel jumento, x annos [peniteat] Egb. Pen. 5. 20; oportet discretio esse inter qualitate peccodum Ib. 21; qui cum ~ude peccat, quidam judicant annos decem, quidam septem, quidam tres, quidam centum dies Rob. Flamb. Pen. 272.  i spurius incerto Creta genitore creatus / ex hominis pecudisque simul cognomine dicor Aldh. Aen. 28. 5; cum [sacrosanctae crucis astulas] in aquas miserint, eisque languentes homines aut ~udes potaverint sive asperserint Bede HE III 2 p. 129.

1 pĕcŭs, (8) ŏris, n. , ¶ 1 [en gén.] troupeau, bétail : pecus bubulum, volatile, ovillum, caprinum Varro R. 2, 1, 13 ; Col. Rust. 8, 4 ; Varro R. 2, 2, 6, etc., les bœufs, les oiseaux, les brebis (la race ovine), les chèvres ; pecus setigerum Ov. M. 14, 288, troupeau de porcs || pecus majus Varro R. 2, 1, 12, gros bétail ¶ 2 [en part.] a) menu bétail, brebis, moutons ; qqf. chèvres : balatus pecorum Virg. G. 3, 554, les bêlements des brebis ; b) [en parl. de phoques] : Proteus pecus egit... Hor. O. 1, 2, 7, Protée conduisit son troupeau ; [en parl. dʼabeilles] mediocre pecus Col. Rust. 9, 8, 6, un petit nombre dʼessaims ; c) qqf. une seule bête : Ov. Ib. 459 ; d) le petit dans le sein de sa mère : Firm. Math. 6, 31 ; Tert. Marc. 4, 21 ¶ 3 troupe [dʼhommes], troupeau : Dindymenæ dominæ pecora Catul. 63, 13, la troupe, le cortège de Cybèle [les Galles] ; o imitatores, servum pecus Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, imitateurs, troupeau servile.

2 pĕcŭs, (9) ŭdis, f. , ¶ 1 bête, tête de bétail, animal (domestique) : Cic. Nat. 2, 160 ; quantum natura hominis pecudibus reliquisque bestiis antecedat Cic. Off. 1, 105, [se dire] combien lʼhomme lʼemporte sur les animaux domestiques et sur les autres bêtes ; pecudes feræ Varro R. 2, 1, 5, animaux domestiques à lʼétat sauvage ¶ 2 bête de menu bétail, mouton, brebis : balantum pecudes Lucr. 2, 267, les brebis ; pecus Helles Ov. F. 4, 903, le bélier dʼHellé [à la toison dʼor], cf. Juv. 13, 232 ; Plin. 24, 90 ¶ 3 [en gén.] bête, animal : anates pecudes Varr. d. Non. 460, 9, les canards || [fig.] brute, bête, sot, homme stupide : Cic. Pis. 19 ; 72 ; Phil. 8, 9.

➳ pecus [très rar^t au nom.] : Cæs. d. Prisc. Gramm. p. 719 || m. arch. : Enn. Scen. 296 || pecuda n. pl. Acc. Tr. 409 ; Cic. Rep. 4, 1, cf. Non. 159, 11.

pecus , oris. n.
牲畜。六畜。

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pecus , udis. f.
綿羊。畜牲。傻子。

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pecus (1) pecoris, n

• PAC-, cattle(all domestic animals kept for food or service): pabulum pecoris, S.: equinum, a stud, V.: setigerum, the bristly herd(i. e. of swine), O.: deus pecoris, i. e. Pan, O.: Ignavom fucos pecus a praesepibus arcent, i. e. the drones, V.—Of sheep, a flock: Balatu pecorum sonant ripae, V.—An animal, head of cattle(poet.): pecus magnae parentis (of a young lion), O.—Of persons, cattle: metum et turpe, H.: dominae pecora, Ct.: venale, Iu.

pecus (2) udis (pluracc. once pecuda, C.), f

• PAC-, a head of cattle, beast, brute, animal, one of a herd: pecudes pictaeque volucres, land animals, V.: quantum natura hominis pecudibus antecedat, domestic animals.—A sheep: balans, Iu.: pecus Athamantidos Helles, i. e. the Ram, O.—Of a person, a beast, brute: stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite: aurea, Ta.