Cassius

Cassĭus, a [old form Casseius; hence, Cassīus, and from this Cassĭus is formed; cf. Ritschl de Sepulcro Fur.], the name of a Roman gens; esp. distinguished,

• I L. Cassius Longinus Ravilla, a very severe judge; from him the Lex tabellaria Cassia proceeded, A. U. C. 617, by which the judges were obliged to vote with little tablets, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 35; id. Sest. 48, 103; id. Brut. 25, 97; 27, 106; and Ascon. Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 10, § 30.—
• • B Hence, Cassĭānus, a, um, adj., of Cassius, Cic. Mil. 12, 32; id. Phil. 2, 14, 35.—
• II The consul L. Cassius, who, A.U.C. 647, was conquered and slain by the Helvetii, Caes. B. G. 1, 7 and 12.—Hence, bellum Cassianum, Caes. B. G. 1, 13.—
• III C. Cassius Longinus, one of the murderers of Caesar, Vell. 2, 46; 2, 56 sq.; Suet. Caes. 80 sq.; id. Aug. 10; Tac. A. 1, 2; 1, 10; 4, 34; id. H. 2, 6 al. To him were addressed Cic. Fam. 12, 1-10; from him to Cic., ib. 12, 11-13.—Hence, Cassianae partes, his adherents, Vell. 2, 74.—
• IV C. Cassius Longinus, a distinguished jurist under Claudius; his adherents were Cassiani and Cassiana schola, Dig. 1, 1, 2; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 8; Tac. A. 12, 12.—
• V After a Cassius not now known was named the Cassia Via, a branch of the Via Flaminia, Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 Müll.

Cassius, a, um, Name eines urspr. patriz., dann plebej. röm. Geschlechts, familia, Tac. ann. 12, 12: via, eine Abzweigung der flaminischen Straße, Cic. Phil. 12, 22 sq.: lex Cassia (tabellaria), Cic. de legg. 3, 37: lex Terentia et Cassia frumentaria, Cic. Verr. 3, 163 u. 5, 52. – Bes. bekannt: I) L. Cassius Longinus Ravilla, der strenge, aber sehr wahrheitsliebende u. weise Richter, Cic. Rosc. Am. 84. Val. Max. 3, 7, 9 (cuius tribunal scopulus reorum dicebatur; dah. Plur. appellat. = strenge usw. Richter, Lycurgos invenisse se praedicabat et Cassios, columina iustitiae prisca, Amm. 30, 8, 13); Verfasser der lex tabellaria Cassia, nach der die Richter mit Täfelchen stimmen sollten, Cic. de legg. 3, 35 sqq.; Sest. 103 (dazu Schol. Bob. p. 303 B.) u. ö. – Dav. Cassiānus, a, um, kassianisch, iudex, ein strenger Richter wie Kassius, Cic. Verr. 3, 137: Cassianum illud (sc. dictum), Spruch des Kassius, Cic. Mil. 32. Phil. 2, 35; vgl. Cic. Rosc. Am. 84. – II) der Konsul L. Cassius, der im J. 107 v. Chr. von den Helvetiern besiegt u. getötet wurde, Caes. b. G. 1, 7, 4 u. 12, 5. – Dav. Cassiānum bellum, der kassianische Krieg, Caes. b. G. 1, 13, 2. – III) C. Cassius Longinus, einer der Mörder Cäsars, Cic. ad Att. 5, 21, 2. Vell. 2, 46, 6, bes. 2, 68 sqq.; an ihn gerichtet, Cic. ep. 12, 1–10: von ihm an Cicero, Cic. ep. 12, 11–13. – Plur. Cassiī, Männer wie Kassius, Plin. ep. 1, 17, 3. – Dav. Cassiānae partes, die kassianische Partei, die Anhänger des Kassius, Vell. 2, 74, 1. – IV) Cassius Parmensis, einer der Mörder Cäsars, ausgezeichnet als Dichter, Vell. 2, 87, 3. Hor. ep. 1, 4, 3. – nicht zu verwechseln mit Cassius Etruscus, einem frühern Dichter, dessen nicht vorteilhaft gedacht wird von Hor. sat. 1, 10, 61 sqq. – V) C. Cassius Longinus, ein großer Rechtsgelehrter unter Tiberius, Nachfolger des Sabinus, Tac. ann. 12, 12, 1; 16, 7. Suet. Ner. 37, 1. Plin. ep. 7, 24, 8: nach der Insel Sardinien verbannt, Tac. ann. 16, 9. Pomp. dig. 1, 2, 2. § 47; vgl. Iuven. 10, 16 sq. (wo clausit = sperrte ein [auf der Insel S.]). – seine Nachfolger Cassiāna schola, Plin. ep. 7, 24, 8, u. Cassiānī, Pompon. dig. 1, 2, 2. § 47. – VI) T. Cassius Severus, latein. Redner u. Dichter unter Augustus u. Tiberius, Sen. suas. 6, 11. Quint. 10, 1, 116. Suet. gr. 22. Tac. dial. 19 u. 26.

1 Cassĭus, (8) ĭī, m. , nom romain ; en part. : a) C. Cassius, meurtrier de César : Cic. Att. 5, 21, 2 ; b) Cassius de Parme, poète : Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 3 ; c) Cassius Longinus, jurisconsulte : Tac. Ann. 12, 12 ; d) Cassius Severus, rhéteur : Sen. Rhet. Suas. 6, 11 ; Quint. 10, 1, 116 || Cassius, a, um, de ou des Cassius : Tac. Ann. 12, 12 || ou Cassĭānus, a, um, v. ce mot.

cassius, ii. m.
人名。嚴官。

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Cassius

(1) Spurius Cassius Viscellīnus. A Roman distinguished for having carried through the first agrarian law at Rome, by which he gained the enmity of his fellow-patricians, who accused him of seeking regal power and put him to death. He held the consulship in B.C. 502, 493, and 486. From his time, the Cassii are plebeians, having probably abandoned the patriciate. See Agrariae Leges.

(2) Gaius Cassius Longīnus, one of the conspirators against Iulius Caesar. Even when a boy he is said to have been remarkable for his pride and the violence of his temper, if we may believe the anecdotes recorded of him by Plutarch (Brut. 9) and Valerius Maximus (iii. 1). He accompanied Crassus into Parthia as his quaestor, and distinguished himself, after the death of his general, by conducting the wreck of the Roman army back to Syria in safety. At the beginning of the Civil War he was one of the tribunes of the people. We find him after this commanding the Syrian squadron in Pompey's fleet, and infesting the coasts of Sicily. A short time before the battle of Pharsalia he had burned the entire fleet of the enemy, amounting to thirty-five ships, in the harbour of Messana. The news of Pompey's defeat, however, deterred him from pursuing his advantages; and, resigning the contest, he submitted to Caesar in Asia Minor, when the latter was returning from Egypt into Italy. Cicero, however, asserts that at this very time Cassius had intended to assassinate the man whose clemency he was willing to solicit, had not an accident prevented the accomplishment of his purpose (Philipp. ii. 11). He was not only spared by Caesar, but was appointed by him one of his lieutenants, a favour bestowed by magistrates upon their friends, in order to invest them with a public character, and thus enable them to reside or to travel in the provinces with greater comfort and dignity. Even during the last campaign of Caesar in Spain, Cassins wrote to Cicero, saying that he was anxious that Caesar should be victorious, for that he preferred an old and merciful master to a new and cruel one ( Ep. ad Fam. xv. 19). He also, together with Brutus, was appointed one of the praetors for the year 709, at a moment in which he was entirely discontented with Caesar's government; and he is said to have been the person by whose intrigues the first elements of the conspiracy were formed. Cassius had married Iunia, the sister of Brutus, and it was partly through her means that he made his approaches, when seeking to gain over her brother and induce him to join in the plot. After the assassination of Caesar, Cassius, together with Brutus, raised an army, and was met by Octavius and Antony at Philippi. The wing which Cassius commanded being defeated, he imagined that all was lost, and killed himself, B.C. 42. Brutus gave him an honourable burial, and called him, with tears, the last of the Romans.

(3) Parmensis, so called from his having been born at Parma in Italy, was a Latin poet of considerable talent. He sided with Brutus and Cassius in the Civil War, and obtained the office of military tribune. After the defeat of the republican forces he retired to Athens, and was put to death by Q. Varius, who had been sent for that purpose by Octavianus. He must not be confounded with Cassius the Etrurian, who appears to have been a very rapid and poor writer.

(4) Hemīna, an early annalist of Rome, who flourished about B.C. 145.

(5) A Roman lawyer, who reduced to a scientific system the legal principles set forth by Ateius Capito. His school is called Cassiani.

(6) A Roman orator, distinguished for his eloquence, and fond, at the same time, of indulging in satirical composition. He was exiled by Augustus to the island of Seriphus, where he ended his days in wretchedness. His full name was Titus Cassius Severus.

(7) Cassius Longīnus. See Longinus.

(8) Cassius Felix. A Greek physician, who lived in the reign of Tiberius and wrote a treatise with the title Ἰατρικαὶ Ἀπορίαι καὶ Προβλήματα Φυσικά. It is printed in Ideler's Physici et Medici Graeci Minores (Berlin, 1841).

(9) Dion. See Dion.