Priamus

Prĭămus, i, m., = Πρίαμος.

• A son of Laomedon, king of Troy, husband of Hecuba, and father of Hector, Helenus, Paris, Deiphobus, Polyxena, Cassandra, etc.; he was slain by Neoptolemus or Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.): o pater, o patria, o Priami domus! id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag v. 118 Vahl.); Verg. A. 1, 458; 3, 50 al.; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; Ov. M. 13, 404 sq.; Juv. 10, 258; Hyg. Fab. 89 and 90.—
• II His grandson, named after him, the son of Polites, Verg. A. 5, 564.—Hence,
• • A Prĭă-mēis, ĭdis, f., = Πριαμηΐς, Priam's daughter: Atrides visā Priameide, i.e. Cassandra, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37: Priameida viderat ipsam, id. A. A. 2, 405.—
  • B Prĭămēĭus, a, um, adj., = Πριαμήϊος, of or belonging to Priam: sceptra, Verg. A. 7, 252: virgo Cassandra, id. ib. 2, 403: conjux, i.e. Hecuba, Ov. M. 13, 404: hospes, i.e. Paris, id. A. A. 2, 5: heros, i. e. Hector, Auct. Pan. ad Pison. 162.—
  • C Prīămĭdes, ae, m., = Πριαμίδης, a son of Priam: Priamiden Helenum regnare, Verg. A. 3, 295: Priamides Deiphobus, id. ib. 6, 494: nec quas Priamides in aquosae vallibus Idae Contulit, i.e. Paris, Ov. F. 6, 15: deploratos Priamidas, Priam's sons, id. M. 13, 482.

Priamus, ī, m. (Πρίαμος), I) Sohn des Laomedon, König von Troja, Gemahl der Hekuba, von der er nach Homer 19, nach anderen noch mehr Söhne hatte, unter denen Hektor der edelste und tapferste war. Bei der Belagerung u. Zerstörung der Stadt Troja stand er schon in hohem Alter u. wurde von Pyrrhus oder Neoptolemus, dem Sohne des Achilles, getötet, Plaut. Bacch. 933 u. 973. Cic. Tusc. 1, 85. Ov. met. 13, 404 sq.: appell., Gordianus appellatus est sui temporis Priamus, weil er 43 Söhne hatte, Capit. Gord. 19, 3. – Dav.: A) Priamēis, idis, Akk. ida, f. (Πριαμηΐς), Tochter des Priamus, d.i. Kassandra, Ov. am. 1, 9, 37 u. art. am. 2, 405: Nbf. Priamis, Prisc. part. XII vers. Aen. 11. § 199. – B) Priamēius, a, um (Πριαμήϊος), zu Priamus gehörig, priamëisch, virgo, Verg.: hospes, v. Paris, Ov.: coniunx = Hecuba, Ov.: heros, Epit. Iliad.: Priameia fata, Orest. tr. – C) Prīamidēs (die erste Silbe wegen des Verses lang), ae, m. (Πριαμίδης; vgl. Prisc. part. XII vers. Aen. 11. § 199), der Priamide (Sohn des Priamus), Verg. u. Ov.: Plur. Priamidae, Söhne des Priamus, Ov.; meton. = Trojaner, Sil. – II) Priamus' I. Enkel, Sohn des Polites, Verg. Aen. 5, 564.

Prĭămus, (9) ī, m. (Πρίαμος), Priam [fils de Laomédon, roi de Troie] : Virg. En. 1, 458 || fils de Politès et petit-fils du roi Priam, suivit Énée en Italie : Virg. En. 5, 564 || -mēĭus, a, um, de Priam : Virg. En. 7, 252 ; Priameia virgo Virg. En. 2, 403, Cassandre ; Priameius hospes Ov. Ars 2, 5, Pâris [fils de Priam] || -mēis, ĭdis, f. (Πριαμηΐς), fille de Priam [Cassandre] : Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37 || -mĭdēs, æ, m. (Πριαμίδης), fils de Priam : Virg. En. 3, 295 || Pâris : Ov. F. 6, 15 || pl. -dæ, Ov. M. 13, 482 || -mis, ĭdis, f. , fille de Priam : Prisc. Vers. Æn. 11, 199.

priamus, i. m.
古王名。

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Pri'amus

(Πρίαμος), the famous king of Troy, at the time of the Trojan war. He was a son of Laomedon and Strymo or Placia. His original name is said to have been Podarces, i. e. "the swift-footed," which was changed into Priamus, "the ransomed" (from πρίαμαι), because he was the only surviving son of Laomedon and was ransomed by his sister Hesione, after he had fallen into the hands of Heracles (Apollod. 2.6.4, 3.12.3). He is said to have been first married to Arisbe, the daughter of Merops, by whom he became the father of Aesacus; but afterwards he gave up Arisbe to Hyrtacus, and married Hecabe (Hecuba), by whom he had the following children : Hector, Alexander or Paris, Deiphobus, Helenus, Pammon, Polites, Antiphus, Hipponous, Polydorus, Troilus, Creusa, Laodice, Polyxena, and Cassandra. By other women he had a great many children besides (Apollod. 3.12.5). According to the Homeric tradition, he was the father of fifty sons, nineteen of whom were children of Hecabe, to whom others add an equal number of daughters (IIom. Il. 24.495, &c.,with the note of Eustath.; comp. Hyg. Fab. 90; Theocr. 15.139; Cic. Tusc. 1.35). Previous to the outbreak of the war of the Greeks against his kingdom, he is said to have supported the Phrygians in their war against the Amazons (Hom. Il. 3.184). When the Greeks landed on the Trojan coast Priam was already advanced in years, and took no active part in the war (24.487, 500). Only once did he venture upon the field of battle, to conclude the agreement respecting the single combat between Paris and Menelaus (3.250, &c.). After the death of his son Hector, Priam, accompanied by Hermes, went to the tent of Achilles to ransom Hector's body for burial, and obtained it (24.470). His death is not mentioned by Homer, but later poets have filled up this gap in the legend. When the Greeks entered the city of Troy, the aged king, it is said, put on his armour, and was on the point of rushing into the crowd of the enemy, but he was prevailed on by Hecabe to take refuge with herself and her daughters, as a suppliant at the altar of Zeus Herceius. While he was tarrying in the temple, his son Polites, pursued by Pyrrhus, rushed into the temple, and expired at the feet of his father, whereupon Priam aimed at Pyrrhus, but was killed by him. (Verg. A. 2.512, &c.; Eur. Tro. 17; Paus. 2.24.5, 4.17.3.) His body remained unburied. (Verg. A. 2.558; Seneca Troades 50, &c.; Q. Smyrn. 13.240, &c.)

Another Priam is mentioned by Virgil (Aen. 5.564), as a son of Polites, and is accordingly a grandson of kiln Priam. [L.S]

Pri'amus

a Greek by birth, and a Roman freedman. whose name occurs in an inscription as Sicinius Priamus, with the designation Aurif, that is, a worker in gold. (Muratori, Thes. vol. ii. p. cmlxxvii. n. 9; R. Rochette, Lettre à M. Schorn, p. 393.) [P.S]

Priămus

(Πρίαμος). The last king of Troy. He was the son of Laomedon. When Heracles took the city of Troy Priam was in the number of his prisoners; but his sister, Hesioné, redeemed him from captivity, and he exchanged his original name of Podarces for that of Priamus, which signifies “bought” or “ransomed.” (See Hesione.) He was placed on his father's throne by Heracles, and employed himself in repairing, fortifying, and embellishing the city of Troy. He had married, by his father's orders, Arisba, whom now he divorced for Hecuba, the daughter of Dymas the Phrygian (Hom. Il. xvi. 718), or, according to others, of Cisseus (Eurip. Hec. 3). Hecuba bore him nineteen children (Hom. Il. xxiv. 496), of whom the chief were Hector, Paris or Alexander, Deïphobus, Helenus, Troïlus, Polites, Polydorus, Cassandra, Creüsa, and Polyxena. After he had reigned for some time in the greatest prosperity, Priam expressed a desire to recover his sister Hesioné, whom Heracles had carried into Greece, and married to Telamon, his friend. To carry this plan into execution, Priam manned a fleet, of which he gave the command to his son Paris, with orders to bring back Hesioné. Paris, to whom Aphrodité had promised the fairest woman in the world (see Paris), neglected, in some measure, his father's injunctions, and, as if to make reprisals upon the Greeks, carried away Helen, the wife of Menelaüs, king of Sparta, during the absence of her husband. This violation of hospitality caused a general war. All the suitors of Helen, at the request of Menelaüs (q.v.), assembled to avenge the abduction of his wife, and the combined armament set sail for Troy. Priam might have averted the impending blow by the restoration of Helen; but this he refused to do when the ambassadors of the Greeks came to him for that purpose. Troy was accordingly beleaguered, and frequent skirmishes took place, in which the success was various. The siege was continued for ten successive years, and Priam had the misfortune to see the greater part of his sons fall in defence of their native city. Hector, the eldest of these, was the only one upon whom now the Trojans looked for protection and support; but he, too, fell a victim to his own courage, and was slain by Achilles. The father thereupon resolved to go in person to the Grecian camp, and ransom the body of the bravest of his children. The gods interested themselves in his behalf, and Hermes was directed to guide the aged monarch in safety amid the dangers of the way, and conduct him to the tent of Achilles. The meeting of Priam and Achilles was solemn and affecting. The conqueror paid to the Trojan monarch the reverence due to his dignity, his years, and his misfortunes; and Priam, as a suppliant, addressed the prince who had robbed him of the greatest and best of his sons. Achilles was moved by his tears and entreaties. He restored Hector, and permitted Priam a truce of twelve days for the funeral of his son. Some time after Troy was betrayed into the hands of the Greeks by Antenor and Aeneas, and Priam was slain by Neoptolemus, the son of Achilles, at the foot of the altar of Zeus Herceus; the wounded Polites, one of the sons of Priam, also fell, who, after the example of his father and mother, had fled thither for protection during the burning of the city (Hom. Il. xxiv. 139 foll.; Verg. Aen. ii. 507 foll.; Horace, Carm. x. 14; Hygin. Fab. 110). See Helena; Trojan War.