arbor

nullam sacra vite prius severis arborem
you must plant no tree before the sacred vine

arbor (-ōs) (-ōs), oris, f.: a tree, freq.; timber, wood, 5.504; an oar, 10.207.

arbor (arbŏs, Lucr. 1, 774; 6, 786 Lachm.; Ov. M. 2, 212; id. F. 1, 153 (but Merk. arbor, in both places); Verg. E. 3, 56; id. G. 2, 57; 2, 81; id. A. 3, 27; 6, 206 Rib. al.: acc. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), ŏris, f. (m., INTER DVOS ARBORES, Inscr. Lyon, I. 27) [v. arduus].

• I A tree.
• • A In gen.: arbores serere, to plant, Caecil. Stat. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31; Cic. Sen. 17, 59: poni, Verg. G. 2, 278: arbos se sustulit, id. ib. 2, 57: arbores putare, Cato R. R. 32, 1: arbores frondescere, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 69: arboribus frondes redeunt, Ov. F. 3, 237: arbos silvestris, Verg. E. 3, 70: ramosa, Lucr. 5, 1096: umbrosa, Verg. G. 2, 66; so Ov. P. 4, 5, 41: ingens, Verg. G. 2, 81: alta, Ov. M. 15, 404: summa, Verg. G. 4, 557; so Ov. M. 12, 15: patula, id. ib. 1, 106: fertilis, Verg. G. 4, 142: in quibus (arboribus) non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 178: sub ramis arboris altae, Lucr. 2, 30, and Verg. A. 7, 108: arborum rami, Vulg. Sap. 17, 17: arbor nuda sine frondibus, Ov. M. 13, 690; Vulg. Marc. 11, 8: arborum cortices, Vulg. Job, 30, 4: arbores ab radicibus subruere, Caes. B. G. 6, 27; Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130; Vulg. Matt. 3, 10: quarum (arborum) baca, Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: jacent sua quāque sub arbore poma, Verg. E. 7, 54; Vulg. Lev. 26, 20: fructus arborum, Quint. 8, 5, 26; Vulg. Sap. 10, 7.—
  • B Spec. with gen. of species: alni, the alder-tree, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7: fici, the fig-tree, Cic. Fl. 17, 41; Vulg. Matt. 21, 19: arbores ficorum, Col. 11, 2, 59: arbor ficus (nom.), Vulg. Jud. 9, 10: abietis arbores, fir trees, Liv. 24, 3: arbor palmae, the palm-tree, Suet. Aug. 94: cupressūs, the cypress, id. Vesp. 5: arbor sycomorus, a sycamore, Vulg. Luc. 19, 4; so, arbor morus, ib. ib. 17, 6: arbores olivarum, olive trees, ib. Exod. 27, 20.—Poet.: Jovis, the oak-tree, Ov. M. 1, 106: Phoebi, the laurel-tree, id. F. 3, 139 (cf. id. ib. 6, 91: Apollinea laurus): Palladis, the olive-tree, id. A. A. 2, 518: arbor Herculea, the poplar, Verg. G. 2, 66 (cf.: Arborum genera numinibus suis dicata perpetuo servantur, ut Jovi aesculus, Apollini laurus, Minervae olea, Veneri myrtus, Herculi populus, Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3; Phaedr. 3, 17) al.—
• II Meton.
• • A Things made of wood (cf.: Mille sunt usus earum (arborum), sine quīs vita degi non possit. Arbore sulcamus, maria terrasque admovemus; arbore exaedificamus tecta; arborea et simulacra numinum fuere etc., Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5).
  • • 1 A mast.
    • • • α With mali: adversique infigitur arbore mali, Verg. A. 5, 504.—
        • β Without mali, Luc. 9, 332; Sil. 3, 129; Paul. Sent. 1. 2, t. 3.—
    • 2 The lever or bar of a press, press-beam, Cato R. R. 18, 4; 18, 12; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317.—
    • 3 An oar: centenāque arbore fluctum Verberat adsurgens, Verg. A. 10, 207.—
    • 4 A ship: Phrixeam petiit Pelias arbor ovem, the ship Argo, Ov. H. 12, 8.—
    • 5 The shaft of a javelin, a javelin, Stat. Th. 12, 769.—
    • 6 Euphemist.: arbor infelix, a gallows, gibbet: caput obnubito, arbori infelici suspendito, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4 fin.; Liv. 1, 26, 7; cf. Plin. 16, 26, 45, § 108 (Niebuhr, Röm. Gesch. I. § 365, compares the words of the Fries. law: am argen vordern Baum henken; cf. in Engl. to hang on the accursed tree).—
  • B The fabulous polypus, which was fancied to have arms like the branches of a tree: In Gaditano Oceano arbor in tantum vastis dispansa armis, ut fretum numquam intrāsse credatur, Plin. 9, 4, 3, § 8.

arbor (Nbf. arbōs), oris (vgl. indogerm. *ardhos, Baum, hohes Gewächs, zu Wurzel *ar(e)dh-, wachsen), f., der Baum, I) eig. u. meton.: 1) eig.: fici, Feigenbaum, Cic.: arbores ficorum, Col.: abietis, Tannenbaum, Tannenstamm, Liv.: mali, Ambros.: palmae, Suet.: arbor persici, Lampr., persea, Plin.: arbor cupressus, Suet.: arbor myrtus, Serv. Verg.: arbor pinus, Hyg.: olea arbor, Amm.: Iovis, Eiche, Ov.: Phoebi, Lorbeerbaum, Ov.: Palladis, Ölbaum, Ov. – arbor novella et vetula, Cic.: arbor pomifera, Plaut.: arbor insita (gepfropfter), Col.: arbor ramosa, Lucr.: arbores maiores et magis ramosae, Liv.: arbor felix, infelix, s. 1. fēlīx, īn-fēlīx. – succīdere arborum radices, Varr. LL.: arbores caedere (fällen), Cic.: excisa est arbor, non evulsa, Cic. – kollekt., multa arbor et vitis, Curt. 7, 4 (17), 24: ager arbore infecundus, Sall. Iug. 17, 5. – 2) meton., der Baum = das aus ihm Bereitete: a) der Hebel an der Presse, Preßbaum, Preßbengel, Cato r. r. u. Plin. – b) der Mastbaum, Mast, mali, Verg. Aen. 5, 504. Hier. lib. 2. ep. 13 ed. Canis., od. arbor malus, Hyg. fab. 123, od. arbor navis, Oros. 4, 19. Serv. Verg. Aen. 5, 487: gew. bl. arbor, zB. cum curvatur (sich biegt) arbor, gubernacula gemunt, Plin. ep. 9, 26, 4: non arbor erat relicta, non gubernator, non funis, non remus, Petr.: u. arbor aut aliud navis instrumentum, ICt.: ictu fulminis deustis armamentis et arbore et antemnā, ICt.: pendentes arbore nautae, Sil.: arbores caedere (kappen), Lucan. – c) das Ruder, Verg. Aen. 10, 207. – d) das Schiff, Pelias, das Schiff Argo, Ov. her. 12, 8. – e) der Wurfspieß, ferrata, Stat. Theb. 12, 769. – II) übtr., v. fabelhaften Meerpolypen, der Arme, wie der Baum Äste u. Zweige, haben soll, Plin. 9, 8. – ➳ arbor masc., Itala apoc. 7, 1. Itin. Anton. Hier. 15. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13. 1780. Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 5, 3. – Nbf. arbōs gew. bei Dichtern (bei Verg. immer), s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ Bd. 1. S. 267; doch auch Col. de arb. 20, 2. u. Arnob. 5, 7. – arch. Akk. Sing. arbosem, Paul. ex Fest. 15, 3 und Plur. arboses, Fest. 242 (a), 25.

arbor [CL] 1 tree. b branched ornament, tree of Jesse. c (w. Mariae) mugwort (Artemisia) or tansy. d (w. solis or sicca) arbre sol, arbre sec, a fabulous oriental tree. c (fig.; cf.Matth. iii 10). ~orum silvestrium natura Aldh. VirgP 19; opima frugibus atque ~oribus insula Bede HE I 1; ~or, treow Ælf. Gl.; siquis ~orem stantem extra viam intra prostraverit DB I 1; gloria vitis / herbis precellit arboribusque simul Neckam DS VIII 26; a1232 concedo ‥ Willelmo ‥ suum restingtre et residuum pomorum meorum post excucionem ~orum gardini mei (Ch. R. comitis) Enr. Chester 70 r.3d.; 1309 grossas ~ores et subboscum Year Bk. I (Selden Soc. XVII) 102; 1431 prostraciones ~orum portancium fructus (Cl) Foed. X 488; 1450 cum ‥ ~oribus mortuis ac ~oribus vento cadentibus sive ad terram prostratis Cl 300 m. 20d.; cedrus harbor unde fit pix cedrina Alph. 36; a tre, ~or dicitur esse [omne] lignum, ~os tantum fructifera CathA.  b 1303 jocalia: ‥ de una ~ore ramata cum v linguis serpentinis Ac. Exec. Ep. Lond. 55; 1432 ex altera parte ‥ ~oris quedam alia de generacione Salvatoris a radice Jesse ‥ apparebat (J. Carp.) MGL III 462.  c febrifuga, i. ~or S. Marie, matricaria idem SB 21; radix ~oris Marie, i. atanasia Ib. 36.  d de ~ore solis ‥, quia qui fructu ejus vescitur sicut rex Alexander Aristoteli scribit, vitam extendit in inmensum Gir. TH II 4; 1188 quod ‥ una pars Turcorum gladio peribit, altera fugiet ultra ~orem siccam (Lit. Nuntiorum) G. Hen. II II 53.  e minatur securim ad radicem ~oris ponendam W. Fitzst. Thom. 100. 2 a mill-shaft. b wooden saddle-base. a 1211 in j ligamine ferreo ad ~orem rote molendini Pipe Wint. 14; 1232 in rota molendini infra domum et in ~ora [sic] liganda ferro Ib. 11M59/B1/15 r. 11; 1331 meremium pro faciendo rotam et ~orem ‥ molendini (KR Ac 89/15) S. Jers. I 34.  b 1368 in j ~ore pro sella carectaria empta, iiij d. (Silkstead, Hants) Ac. Man. Wint.; 1377 in j ~ore [corr. to ligno] pro sella carectaria Ib. Whitchurch; 1396 in una ~ore selle carectarie Ib. Chilbolton..

arbŏr (7) ( -bōs, poètes, surt. Virg. ), ŏris, f. , arbre : Cic. CM 59, etc. ; ¶ 1 arbor fici Cic. Fl. 41, le figuier, cf. Suet. Aug. 94 ¶ 2 [poét.] arbor Jovis Ov. M. 1, 106, lʼarbre de Jupiter [le chêne] ; Phœbi Ov. F. 3, 139, le laurier ; Palladis Ov. Ars 2, 518, lʼolivier ; arbos Herculea Virg. G. 2, 66, le peuplier ¶ 3 [objets en bois] : arbos mali Virg. En. 5, 504, le bois du mât, le mât ; [ou sans mali ] Luc. 9, 332 || arbore fluctum verberare Virg. En. 10, 207, frapper les flots de lʼaviron || Pelias arbor Ov. H. 12, 8, le navire Argo || [lʼarbre du pressoir] Cato Agr. 18, 4 || [le javelot] Stat. Th. 12, 769 || arbor infelix Cic. Rab. perd. 13, gibet, potence.

➳ arch. acc. arbosem P. Fest. 15, 3 ; arboses Fest. 242, 25.

arbor , oris. f.
樹。木。桅。— infelix 死架 三木架。不實之木。— vidua 獨樹。

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arbor poet. also