commeatus

praesidia commeatus nostros tuentur
escorts watch over our convoys inimicos commeatu prohibemus
we cut off our enemies from their supplies

commĕātus (conm-), ūs, m. [commeo].

• A going to and fro, passing freely, going at will: in eo conclavid ego perfodi parietem, Quā conmeatus clam esset hinc huc mulieri, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 65 (143); cf.: commeatum vocis exercent fauces, Pall. 1, 3.—
• II Meton.
• • A A place through which one can pass back and forth, a thoroughfare, passage (rare; cf.: abitus, aditus, circuitus, etc.): nimis beat, quod conmeatus transtinet trans parietem, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 58 (468): per hortum utroque conmeatus continet, id. Stich. 3, 1, 44 (445); Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 25.—
  • B A leave of absence from one’s station for a definite time, a furlough: commeare, ultro citro ire: unde commeatus dari dicitur, id est tempus, quo ire, redire quis posset, Fest. p. 277, 27 Müll.: dare commeatum totius aestatis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62: petere, Vell. 2, 11, 2; Suet. Tib. 10; id. Ner. 35; id. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 23: sumere, Liv. 3, 46, 10: dare, id. 3, 46, 9; Suet. Calig. 29: accipere, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2: in commeatu esse, to be on furlough, Liv. 33, 29, 4: commeatu abesse, Suet. Tib. 72; Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 9: in iis stativis satis liberi commeatus erant, Liv. 1, 57, 4: (legiones) promiscuis militum commeatibus infirmaverat, Tac. A. 15, 10; cf. id. H. 1, 46: cum miles ad commeatus diem non adfuit, on the day when the furlough expired, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24: commeatūs spatium excedere, Dig. 49, 16, 14: ultra commeatum abesse, ib. 50, 1, 2, § 6.—Transf.: cras igitur (sc. proficiscar), nisi quid a te commeatus, Cic. Att. 13, 41 fin. dub. (al. commeat); v. Orell. N. cr.: longum mihi commeatum dederat mala valetudo, rest, Sen. Ep. 54, 1: servitus assidua... sine intervallo, sine commeatu, id. Q. N. 3, praef. § 16.—
  • C A train, a convoy, caravan, a company carried, a transportation, trip, passage: Londinium copiā negotiatorum et commeatuum maxime celebre, Tac. A. 14, 33; 13, 39; Suet. Ner. 20: duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare instituit, Caes. B. G. 5, 23: secundum commeatum in Africam mittit ad Caesarem, Auct. B. Afr. 34: commeatibus per municipia ac colonias dispositis, supplies of provisions, relays of horses, etc., Suet. Tib. 38: cerneres canes... per omnem nostrum commeatum morsibus ambulare, Ap. Met. 8, 17, 15.—
  • D Provisions, supplies (very freq., esp. in the histt., in sing. and plur.): interclude inimicis commeatum; tibi muni viam, Quā cibatus commeatusque ad te et legiones tuas Tuto possit pervenire, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 (225) sq.; cf.: importare in coloniam, id. Ep. 3, 2, 7 (343): ex omnibus provinciis commeatu et publico et privato prohibebamur, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53: ne foro quidem et commeatu juvare populum Romanum, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 52: commeatu nostros prohibere, Caes. B. G. 2, 9 fin.: neque exercitum sine magno commeatu atque molimento in unum locum contrahere posse, id. ib. 1, 34; Quint. 8, 6, 26: maritimi, Liv. 5, 54, 4: ex montibus invecti, id. 9, 13, 10: advecti, id. 9, 32, 2: convecto, id. 2, 14, 3 al.; Suet. Calig. 43: magni commeatus frumenti Romam subvecti, Liv. 28, 4, 7.—
  • • 2 Freq. opp. frumentum, the remaining supplies of war: ad Vesontionem rei frumentariae commeatūsque causā moratur, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: uti frumento commeatuque Caesarem intercluderet, id. ib. 1, 48; 3, 6; 3, 23 fin.; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 (225) supra.—*
  • E Transf.: commeatus argentarius, gain acquired by money transactions, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 9 (423).

commeātus, ūs, m. (commeo), I) das ungehinderte Gehen, das Gehen und Kommen, der freie Durchgang, der freie Verkehr, in eo conclavi ego perfodi parietem, quā commeatus clam esset hinc huc mulieri, Plaut. mil. 142: nimis beat, quod commeatus transtinet trans parietem, ibid. 468: per hortum utroque commeatus convenit, Plaut. Stich. 452: medium parietem perfodit servus, commeatus clanculum quā foret amantum, Plaut. mil. argum. II, 10: si viae publicae exemptus commeatus sit, vel via coartata, Ulp. dig. 43, 8, 2. § 25. – v. lebl. Subjj., si fauces commeatum liquidae vocis exercent, die Stimme frei u. ungehindert herauslassen, Pallad. 1, 3. – II) meton., a) die Erlaubnis, ungehindert zu gehen, der Urlaub, bes. der Militärpers., commeatum petere, Vell.: tridui commeatum petere ab alqo, Hyg.: commeatum accipere, Plin. ep.: commeatum sumere, Liv.: alci commeatum dare, Liv.: alci commeatum indulgere, Plin. ep. u. Hyg. (u. amatoriae militiae brevem commeatum indulgere, Apul.): alqm in commeatum mittere, Liv.: in commeatu esse, Liv.: commeatu abesse, mitll., Suet.: ultra commeatum abesse, ICt.: secum eum tum frequentem ad signa sine ullo commeatu (ohne irgend Urlaub zu nehmen) fuisse, Liv.: sine commeatu Italiā excedere, Suet.: ad commeatus diem non venire, non adesse, an dem Tage, wo der U. zu Ende ist, Cornif. rhet. u. Quint.: commeatum alci propagare, Suet.: sine commeatibus dilabi, Liv.: cum commeatu Syracusis remanere, Cic.: a commeatu castra repetere, Suet.: satis liberi commeatus erant, primoribus tamen magis quam militibus, U. wurde ziemlich leicht gegeben, jedoch mehr den V. als den S., Liv. 1, 57, 4. – v. lebl. Subjj., im Bilde, longum mihi commeatum dederat mala valetudo; repente me invasit, Sen. ep. 54, 1: assidua servitus sine intervallo, sine commeatu, Sen. nat. qu. 3. pr. § 16. – übtr., ut sibi vivendi peteret a domino commeatum, Frist, Paulini vita S. Ambros. 45. – b) das Einherziehende od. Kommende, α) die Karawane, der Train, der Transport von Waren u. Menschen, der Warentransport, die Ladung, Sendung zu Lande u. zu Wasser, frequentia negotiatorum et commeatuum, Sall.: Londinium copiā negotiatorum et commeatuum maxime celebre, Tac.: de novo commeatu Neapolin confluxisse, von der eben angekommenen Handelsflotte, Suet. – v. Menschen, duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare, Caes.: secundum commeatum in Africam mittere ad Caesarem, Auct. b. Afr.: per omnem nostrum commeatum (Karawane) morsibus ambulare (v. Hunden), Apul. – β) die Zufuhr aller Art, bes. Proviant, Mundvorrat, c. largus, Curt.: commeatus maritimi, Liv., od. marini, Iustin.: commeatūs inopia, Frontin.: commeatuum penuria, Curt.: commeatus abunde od. affatim, Sall.: c. frumenti, Liv.: frumentum ac commeatus od. commeatusque, res frumentaria commeatusque, und der übrige Pr., Caes. (s. Kraner Caes. b. G. 1, 39, 1): commeatibus abundare, Frontin.: commeatum od. commeatus parare, Liv. u. Sall.: commeatum praeparare, Liv.: commeatus accipere, Liv.: commeatus arcessere, Liv.: commeatum convehere, advehere, Liv.: commeatus eo pervehere, Liv.: commeatus ex montibus invehere, ex Samnio subvehere, Liv.: commeatum portare, Sall.: commeatus ab urbe in castra portare, Liv.: supportare frumentum commeatumque ex Sequanis et Aeduis, Caes.: commeatus exercitui alcis subministrare, Frontin.: petere commeatum, Caes.: alqm commeatu prohibere, Caes.: nostros commeatibus intercludere, Caes.: alqm frumento commeatuque intercludere, Caes.: alqm commeatu et reliquis copiis intercludere, Cic.: alci commeatum intercludere, Plaut.: urbem omni commeatu privare, Nep.: commeatus excipere od. intercipere, Liv. – scherzh., in commeatum argentarium proficisci, auf Gewinn von Geldgeschäften ausgehen, Plaut. Pseud. 424. – γ) das Gepäck des Heeres, Suet. Tib. 18, 1. – δ) die Reiseequipage, commeatus per municipia et colonias disponere, Relais legen, Suet. Tib. 38.

commeatus [CL] , interchange, commerce. b provision. †~os [l. ~us], sondae GlC C 534; civitas Lyxibona ‥, opulentissima totius Africae et magne partis Europe ~ibus Osb. Bawdsey cliv; paternitati [tue debemus] dilectionis et obsecutionis frequentissime ~um R. Cold. Cuthb. 1; s1250 ut ‥ essent ‥ ~us et commercia in utriusque regionibus communia et pacifica M. Par. Maj. V 143.  b quibusdam comeatuum prefectis a rege dictis, que ad omnem hominis victum spectant in castra ‥ devehi ‥ facit Liv. Hen. V 19b.

commĕātŭs, (8) ūs, m. (commeo), ¶ 1 passage (par où on peut aller et venir) : Pl. Mil. 142 ; 468 ; St. 452 ¶ 2 permission dʼaller et de venir ; [dʼoù] congé militaire, permission : commeatus totius æstatis Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62, congé de tout lʼété ; commeatum sumere Liv. 3, 46, 10 ; dare Liv. 3, 46, 9, prendre, donner un congé ; in commeatu esse Liv. 33, 29, 4, être en congé ; commeatu abfuturus Suet. Tib. 72, sur le point de partir en congé ; in commeatu Syracusis remanere Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 111, rester à Syracuse en congé || [fig.] : (servitus) hæc est... sine intervallo, sine commeatu Sen. Nat. 3, pr., 16, cette servitude pèse sur nous sans trêve ni relâche ¶ 3 convoi : duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare Cæs. G. 5, 23, 2, ramener lʼarmée en deux convois ; prioris commeatus milites Cæs. G. 5, 23, 4, les soldats du premier convoi ¶ 4 approvisionnement, vivres : commeatu nostros prohibere Cæs. G. 2, 9, empêcher les nôtres de se ravitailler ; commeatum petere Cæs. G. 3, 2, 3 ; supportare Cæs. G. 1, 48, 2 ; portare Cæs. G. 2, 5, 5 ; subvehere Liv. 28, 4, 7, chercher, transporter les approvisionnements || approvisionnements en dehors du blé : copia frumenti et reliqui commeatus Cæs. G. 7, 32, 1, lʼabondance du blé et des autres approvisionnements, cf. 1, 39, 1 ; 3, 6, 4, etc. || [plais.] in commeatum argentarium proficisci Pl. Ps. 424, partir pour se ravitailler dʼargent.

commeatus , us. m.
路票。過之處。兵餉。兵過水。

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commeātus (conm-) ūs, m

• commeo, a going to and fro, passing back and forth: duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare, i. e. in two trips, Cs.—A leave of absence, furlough: totius aestatis: sumere, L.: in commeatu esse, to be on furlough, L.: liberi commeatūs erant, L.—A train, convoy, supply - train: magni, Cs.— Provisions, supplies, stores, a market: maximi, Cs.: commeatu et publico et privato prohiberi: spe amplior, S.: commeatu nostros prohibere, Cs.: ex montibus invecti, L.: conmeatibus paratis, S.: frumenti, L.: rei frumentariae commeatūsque causā moratur, supplies of war, baggage, Cs.