dolium

dōlĭum, ii, (plur. written DOLEA, Calend. ap. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 381), n. [cf. Gr. δαίδαλος, δαιδάλεος, skilfully wrought; Lat. dolo],

• a very large jar of globular form, with a wide mouth (cf.: vas, arpa, seria, cadus, lagena, culeus, amphora, urna, congius, cyathus, urceus, testa, etc.): dolium aut seria, Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 31; Cato R. R. 69, 1; Juv. 14, 308; Varr. R. R. 3, 15, 2; Col. 11, 2, 70; Plaut. Cist. 2, 2, 7 (542); Ter. Heaut. 460; Hor. C. 3, 11, 27; id. Epod. 2, 47 et saep.: de dolio haurire, wine from the jar, i.e. new, not yet drawn off, Cic. Brut. 83, 288.—Prov.: in pertusum ingerimus dicta dolium, for to talk in vain, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 135 (364); cf. cribrum.—
• • B A meteor having the form of a dolium, Manil. 1, 847.

1. dōlium, īī, n. (dolo), das Faß (früher v. Ton, später von Holz, in dem man namentlich den Most mehrere Monate gären und abhefen ließ, ehe man ihn auf Flaschen abzog), vinarium, Cato: picatum fictile, Col.: vitreum, Col.: plumbeum, ICt.: dolium melle plenum, Honigfaß, Hyg.: dolium pertusum, Plaut.: dolium a fundo pertusum, Liv.: musto dolia ipsa rumpuntur, Sen.: de dolio haurire, vom Fasse (den noch jungen Wein) schöpfen, Cic. Brut. 288. – Sprichw., in pertussum ingerimus dicta dolium, schöpfen ins Danaidenfaß (= reden in den Wind), operam ludimus, Plaut. Pseud. 369. – ➳ Nbf. dōleus, eī, m., Gromat. vet. 296. lin. 9 u. 14 u. 18. – dōleum, eī, n., Menol. Dec. (Corp. inscr. Lat. I, 1². p. 281) 12 (vor welcher Schreibart Beda de orthogr. 270, 6 K. u. Albin, de orthogr. p. 295, 19 warnen).

2. dolium, iī, n. (doleo), der Schmerz (vgl. cordolium), Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 1729.

dolium, ~eum [CL] 1 tun, cask; b (fig.). c salt-pan. dŏlium deferre poposcit Aldh. VirgV 1494; ~eus, byden GlC Int. 88; ~ium, cyf Ælf. Gl.; 10‥ ~eum, wæterbyden WW; videamus quomodo prudens cellerarius soleat ordinare ~ia in cella vinaria Simil. Anselmi 194; 1173 pro ducendis vj tonellis vini ad Sandwicum et reparandis eisdem ~eis Pipe 81; videns ‥ ~ium illud ex magna parte vacuatum W. Cant. Mir. Thom. VI 107; quotiens temptationis ardore caro efferbuit, aperto ~ii ore corpus suum totum ‥ ingessit Gir. GE II 10 p. 214; dolia plena tua fecundent pocula leta D. Bec. 2216; ~ea [gl.: tunneus] Neckam Ut. 98 (v. 1 cadus); 1196 etc. (v. circulus 5a); 1224 etc. (v. circulare 3a); s1250 ~ia vacua per pavimenta rotaverunt, que sonitum terribilem emittentia equos aufugarunt M. Par. Maj. V 145; Bacon VIII 199 (v. clepsydra c); ipsi ‥ lignis ‥ et ~iis plenis terra, fimo, arena vel lapidibus ‥ muros ‥ rearmarunt G. Hen. V 6 p. 38; 1462 pro expensis ‥ iij piparum ‥ j ~ii ‥ ad conservandum martas ExchScot 127; hoc ~ium, A. townne WW.  b immensus capitur ventrali dolio. / o quam mirabilis ventris dimencio Walt. Wimb. Carm. 110; R. Bury Phil. 8. 134 (v. defaecare 1a).  c †972 (10c) ad usum conficiendi salis duobus in locis xviij ~iorum situs on Middelwic CS 1282. 2 tun, ton (measure): a (of fluids); b (of dry goods); c (of building materials, coal, or munitions). d (naut.) ‘ton-tight’ (measure of burden). V. et. doliata. a 1217 pro ‥ duobus ~eis vini Cl 346b; 1234 mandatum est ballivis domini regis Suhampton’ quod de primis vinis que ventura sunt apud S. retineant ad opus domini regis xx ~ea vini Wasconie et v ~ia vini Andegavie Cl 414; 1258 taxatur amerciamentum ‥ ad duo ~ia vini Rec. Leic. I 81; c1263 cum ‥ ij ~iis vini succo nigri hellebori ‥ delibuti Fordun Cont. X 17; de vinorum contra rectam assisam venditoribus et quot ~ea [v. l. doleata] (Cap. Corone) Fleta 24; 1302 (v. custuma 6b); c1330 ~ium vini de Moysun continet communiter cxlii justas cervisie; justa cervisie continet j lagenam et dim. secundum standardum regis (Canterbury) Eng. Weights 31.  b 1290 pro j ~eo farrine frumenti pro stauro ‥ navis (Chanc. Misc. 4/5) Doc. Scot. I 141; c1300 de quolibet ~eo de wayde Reg. S. Aug. 138; 1329 de ‥ ij ~iis et xviij bollis pisarum ‥, quolibet ~io continente xiij bollas ExchScot 200; 1334 in ~eis pisc[is] sals[i] Ac. Durh. 21.  c 1336 iiij ~ia sagittarum longitudinis j ulne RScot 457b; 1369 pro xvj pond[eribus] dol[iorum] libre petre ‥ pro quolibet pond[ere] dol[ii] x s. (KRAc 479/30) Arch. Cant. II 112; 1371 in viij ~iis lapidum cariandis de Tadcastre usque Ebor’ Fabr. York 6 (cf. ib. 50: 1433 in iiij ~eis plastri); 1378 (v. carbo 1f); 1480 pro ij ~iis de Folkestone stone ‥;pro vij ~iis de le boldyr ‥ pro j ~io et dim. silicis Ac. Chamb. Cant. 137; 1508 x ~ea meremii Reg. Merton 362; 1533 operario fodenti xij ~ia calcis apud montem Comp. Swith. 218.  d 1309 quod ‥ quandam ‥ navem ccc ~iorum vini fieri faciat ad opus nostrum RGasc IV 238; 1327 aliquas naves pondus xxx ~iorum vini portantes KR Mem 103 r. 83; 1327 in conduccione trium shoutarum ‥ pro cariagio ‥ meremii ‥, viz. duabus de dictis shoutis cariantibus ‥ pondus xl ~iorum vini LTR Mem 99 r. 140d.; 1337 ad arestandum omnes ‥ naves xl ~ia et ultra portantes RScot 490b; s1514 facta est regia navis vocata Herry the Gracidew continens xviijc ~ia Reg. Butley 32 (cf. ib. 28). 3 a barrel or sim. for sheathing mill-stone. b ‘tun’, chimney pot. c ‘tun’, prison. a 1282 in j ~eo faciendo ad circulandum molare Ac. Man. Cant. (Cliffe) .  b 1507 ij lathomis versantibus circa facturam verticis et ~ii camini camere ‥ diruti impetu venti Cant. Coll. Ox. 249.  c 1347 quod ipsi unum ~ium pro prisonibus infra villam ‥ de novo facere ‥ possint et tenere ‥ ad imprisonandum in eodem ‥ malefactores et pacis nostre perturbatores, si quos ibidem de nocte vagantes inveniri contigerit, eodem modo et prout in civitate nostra London’ est usitatum (Ch.) Bristol Rec. Soc. I 108 (cf. S. Seyer, Charters and Letters Patent ‥ of Bristol (Bristol, 1812) pp. 36–7); s1382 [Londonienses] captas [in fornicacione] mulieres in prisona, que vocatur ‘~ium’ apud eos, primo seclusas incarcerarunt Wals. HA II 65; hec sunt Londonis: ‥ / Chepp, stupha, Cok Lana, Dolium, Leo, verbaque vana Staura Civ. 2.

1 dōlĭum, (10) ĭī, n. , grand vaisseau de terre ou de bois où lʼon serrait le vin, lʼhuile, le blé etc.; jarre, tonne, tonneau : Cato Agr. 69, 1 ; Col. Rust. 11, 2, 70 || de dolio haurire Cic. Br. 288, puiser au tonneau [boire du vin de lʼannée] || sorte de météore igné : Manil. 1, 842.

➳ doleus Grom. 296, 9 ; doleum Fasti Anni CIL 1, p. 281, Sep.

2 dŏlĭum, ĭī n. (doleo), douleur, chagrin : Commod. Instr. 2, 31, 1.

dolium , ii. n.
大酒桶。

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dōlium ī, n

• DAL-, a large, wide - mouthed, globular jar: Relevi dolia omnia, T.: inane lymphae, H.: cynici, Iu.: de dolio haurire, i. e. new wine.

DOLIUM

DO´LIUM(πίθος), a large earthenware jar (πίθος κεράμινος, Hdt. 3.96) into which, or into the wooden cupae, new wine was put to let it ferment. [CUPA] Such jars were frequently of great size, shaped like enormous caldrons, with globular bodies and wide gaping mouths. They were formed of the best clay, and, as they could not be turned on the wheel, were difficult of construction (Geopon. 6.3), so that the making of them passed into a proverb for a troublesome undertaking (Zenob. Cent. 3.65, Leutsch). They were lined with a coating of pitch, while they were hot from the furnace, and were usually sunk (demersa, depressa, or defossa) one-half or two-thirds in the cellar. Wine which would not keep long was drunk from the dolium or cupa; that which improved by keeping was transferred from them to the amphorae. [AMPHORA] (Geopon. l. c.; Cat. Agr. 23; Varr. R. R. 1, 13; Colum. 12.18; Non. s. v.; Dig. 33, 6, 3.1; Senec. Ep. 36, 3.) Besides holding wine, dolia were used for keeping other things, such as oil (Cat. Agr. 10, 4), corn (Dig. 50, 16, 206), &c. Many of these earthenware dolia were large enough to hold a man. Diogenes took up his abode in such a πίθος or dolium (Diog. Laert.; Juven. 14.308if.; Sen. Ep. 90, 14), and in some ancient works of art he is represented stretching his body out of a πίθος, in his celebrated interview with Alexander. In the Peloponnesian war, when the country people took refuge in Athens, they are described, with some comic exaggeration, as living in such earthenware vessels (Aristoph. Eq. 792). The dolium into which the Danaids emptied their vessels was of a similar size (Hor. Carm. 3.11, 27; cf. Lucian, Hermot. 61). Palladius (10.11) speaks of dolia containing two hundred congii; and the sesquicullaria dolia of Columella (Colum. 12.18, extr.) contained 1 1/2 culleus--that is, 30 amphorae. Many of these large cullei have been found in Italy and other countries, having stamped on them the number of amphorae they contained; namely, 20, 30, and 36 amphorae. Some have leaden hoops round them. They were made of white or red clay, or of the two colours combined. On account of their great size these dolia, which were fixed in the cellar, were not allowed to be removed, and were sold along with the house (Dig. 33, 6, 3.1; 33, 7, 8). The seriae were similar vessels, and appear to have been a smaller kind of dolia. The two are frequently mentioned together (Colum. 12.18, and 50.14 Ter. Heaut. 3.1, 51; Liv. 24.18). The makers of the dolia were called doliarii, but the term opus doliare was applied to all kinds of coarse ware, such as the tiles of houses.

Dolia curta were urinals placed in the narrow streets between the houses for the convenience of those who passed by. (Lucret. 4.1026 ; dum eunt, nulla est in angiporto amphora quam non impleant, Macrob. 3.16.15; cf. urinae vectigal, Suet. Vesp. 23.)

Dolia were also used for holding corpses in graves. In the Crimea, near Sebastopol, sixteen πίθοι were discovered, 4 feet 4 inches high, and 2 feet 2 inches in diameter.

(Hermann-Blümner, Griech. Privatalt. pp. 162, 232; Becker-Göll, Galius, 3. p. 418; Marquardt, Privatl. d. Röm., p. 626; Blümner, Techn. u. Term., &c. 2. p. 41; Birch, Anc. Pottery, pp. 134, 531.) [FICTILEp. 843 b. ]

[W.S]

Dolium

(πίθος). A large jar of earthenware into which new wine was placed to ferment. Many of them were large enough to hold a man, and were shaped like a huge caldron with globular bodies and wide mouths. Diogenes (q.v.) the Cynic took up his abode in a dolium (not in a tub, as popularly said), and in some ancient works of art he is depicted as lolling in one of these vessels during his celebrated interview with Alexander the Great. See Diog. Laert.vi. 23; Plin. Ep. 90, 14.

Dolia curta were urinals placed in the narrow streets between the houses for the convenience of those who passed by (Lucret. iv. 1026; Macrob. iii. 16. 15; Suet. Vesp. 23).

Dolia were also used as coffins. In the Crimea, near Sebastopol, sixteen πίθοι were discovered, four feet four inches high, and two feet two inches in diameter.

Makers of dolia were known as doliarii.