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πημαίνω

πημαίνω, to bring into misery, plunge into ruin, undo

πημ-αίνω, Il. 15.42: fut. -ᾰνῶ S. Aj. 1314, OC 837; Ion. -ανέω Il. 24.781: aor. ἐπήμηνα 3.299, S. Tr. 715, Pl. R. 364c; Dor. part. πημάνας [ᾱ] IG 1(2).1085.8:—Med., fut. πημᾰνοῦμαι Ar. Ach. 842 (s. v.l.), also πημανούμενος in pass. sense, S. Aj. 1155: Ep. aor. πημήναντο Q.S. 13.379:—Pass., aor. ἐπημάνθην (v. infr.):—
  • plunge into ruin, undo, and in milder sense, grieve, distress, π. Τρῶάς τε καὶ Ἕκτορα Il. 15.42; [Ὅρκος] ἀνθρώπους π. Hes. Th. 232, cf. Thgn. 689; π. τὴν γῆν damage it, Hdt. 9.13; ἄτρακτος θεὸν π. S. Tr. 715; π. τινὰ φαρμάκοις Pl. Lg. 932e; ὑγρότης π. τὰ ὄμματα Arist. Pr. 957b24: abs., do harm, Il. 24.781, Democr. 258; ὑπὲρ ὅρκια πημήνειαν might work harm in transgression of oaths, Il. 3.299:—Med., ὅρκια πημήναντο violated their oaths, Q.S. l.c.:—Pass., suffer hurt or harm, οὐδέ τις οὖν μοι νηῶν πημάνθη Od. 14.255, cf. 8.563, A. Pr. 336, etc.; ἴσθι πημανούμενος S. Aj. 1155.—Poet. word, used also IG 1(2).18.7 and by Hdt. l.c., Pl. R. l.c., Lg. 862a, 932e, 933e (Pass.), and in later Prose, as Corn. ND 32 (Pass.), Porph. Abst. 2.12, Agath. 5.23.

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