multa

multa , ōrum, n.: (adv.), much, greatly, exceedingly, 4.390, et al. (compar.), plūra, more, 5.381; (superl.), plūrima, very much, 9.335.

multa , ōrum, n.: many things, fortunes, hardships, etc., 1.750; (compar.) plūra, more things, words; more, 1.385, et al.; (superl.) plūrima, very many, many things, 4.333.

multa (mulcta), ae, f. [Sabine, acc. toVarr. ap. Gell. 11, 1, 5; Oscan, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 142 Müll.],

• a penalty involving loss of property, a fine, amercement, mulct; in the most ancient times riches consisted only in the possession of flocks and herds; it accordingly signified, at first, a fine in cattle; but in later times, when money was the measure of wealth, it signified a pecuniary fine (whereas poena denotes a punishment of any kind, e. g. corporal punishment, imprisonment, capital punishment): vocabulum ipsum multae M. Varro non Latinum, sed Sabinum esse dicit, Gell. 11, 1, 5: multam Osce dici putant poenam quidam. M. Varro ait poenam esse, sed pecuniariam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 142 Mull.: cum pecore diceretur multa, Varr. L. L. 5, § 95 Müll. The highest penalty in the earliest times was thirty head of cattle, the lowest a sheep, in specifying which the word ovis is used as of the masculine gender: ego ei unum ovem multam dico, I condemn him to pay, fine him, a legal formula ap. Gell. 11, 1, 4: multae dictio ovium et bovium, Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16.—Later, of a pecuniary fine: multa praesens quingentum milium aeris in singulas civitates imposita, Liv. 10, 37: multam alicui dicere, to decree, award, Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18: indicere, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 11: subire, Ov. F. 5, 289: committere, to deserve, incur, Cic. Clu. 37, 103: exigere, Varr. L. L. 5, § 177 Müll.: remittere, Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18: irrogare (of the plaintiff, or people's tribune), to propose that the accused be fined a certain sum, id. Mil. 14, 36; so, petere, id. Clu. 33, 91: aliquem multā et poenā multare, id. Balb. 18, 42: multam alicui facere, Gell. 7, 14, 8: certare, to contend on both sides whether or not the proposed fine should be paid: duo tribuni plebis ducentum milium aeris multam M. Postumio dixerunt: cui certandae cum dies advenisset, Liv. 25, 3: multae certatio, Cic. Leg. 8, 3, 6: multa erat Veneri, for the benefit of Venus, id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25: multa gravis praedibus Valerianis, a heavy loss, great damage, id. Fam. 5, 20, 4.—
• II In gen., a penalty: singulos jure jurando adigam non aliter quam stantes cibum capturos esse ... hanc multam feretis, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 13: haec ei multa esto: vino viginti dies Ut careat, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 55 (800).

multa,

• adj. fem., v. multus.

multa (nicht mulcta), ae, f. (sabinisches, nach a. oskisches Wort), I) die Strafe am Eigentum, als Buße für zugefügten Schaden, in älterer Zeit am Viehe, cum pecore diceretur multa, Varro LL.: unam ovem multam dico, alte Gerichtsformel bei Gell. – später gew. am Gelde, Geldstrafe, Geldbuße, multam dicere, eine G. bestimmen, diktieren, Cic.: multam petere od. irrogare, darauf antragen, daß der Beklagte so oder so hoch gestraft werde, Cic.: certare multam, darüber von beiden Seiten (pro u. contra) streiten, ob die bestimmte Geldstrafe zu erlegen sei, Liv.: so auch multae certatio, Cic.: alqm multā et poenā multare, Cic.: multam committere, eine G. verwirken, in eine G. verfallen, Cic.: multam sufferre, Cic.: multam furoris od. erroris sufferre, Cic.: multam alci remittere, Liv.: multa erat Veneri, Cic.: multa praesens (bare Kriegsentschädigung) quinquaginta milium aeris in singulas civitates imposita, Liv.: multa gravis praedibus Valerianis, schwere Einbuße, Cic. ep. 5, 20, 4. – II) übtr., übh. Strafe durch Einbuße, Entbehrung, Plaut. asin. 801.

1 multa v. miltos

2 multa, mulcta [CL], mulctum 1 a fine, mulct: a (paid in cash); b (paid in kind). a ut ‥ debita solummodo ~ta pecuniae regi ultori daretur Bede HE IV 19 p. 249; transgressores vel gravi pecuniarum ~ta vel vite dispendio affitiens W. Malm. GR V 411; pecuniaria ‥ xx solidorum ~cta punitus Gir. GE II 27 p. 303; 1283 pene seu ~cte pecuniarie in delictis hujusmodi notoriis reprobe sunt Peckham Ep. 427.  b c1280 pro uno dawnbwyd estivo ~cto aries trium annorum pinguis Leg. Wall. D 381. 2 tribute, tax, payment. tribute ‥ ~ta PP. 3 (gen.) punishment. ~ta, -te, i. pena Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 354; habet ‥ dolum, furtum, rapinam, ~cta injusta AncrR 71.

multa, multō, v. mulcta, etc.

multa , ae. f.
罰之錢。罰。

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multa (mulcta) (1) ae, f

• a money penalty, fine, amercement, mulct: multae dictio ovium et boum: multa praesens quingentum milium aeris, L.: Flacco multam dixit, decreed: subire, O.: committere, incur: inrogare (of the prosecutor), propose: multa erat Veneri, for the benefit of Venus: multa gravis praedibus Valerianis, great damage. —A penalty: furoris multam sufferre: hanc multam feretis, L.

multa (2) adv.

• pluracc. n. of multus, much, very, exceedingly, greatly, earnestly: multa Pomptinum obtestatus, S.: haud multa moratus, V.: multa fleturum caput, H.

MULTA

MULTA[POENA]

Multa

(also spelled mulcta, and possibly from mulgeo, “a milking”). The Roman term for a fine, inflicted either by a magistrate for disobedience or insubordination, or at the motion of an official by the decision of the people at the Comitia Tributa, or prescribed in laws, wills, etc., in case any one contravened them. It originally consisted in cattle, sheep, or oxen; then, after B.C. 430, the Lex Iulia Papiria permitted the payment in money according to a fixed scale (a sheep=10 asses, an ox=100 asses). The lowest amount of the multa inflicted by a magistrate in virtue of his office was a sheep; when acts of disobedience were repeated, the fine could be raised to 30 oxen (suprema multa). Against heavier penalties, such, in particular, as were imposed by the tribunes of the people on account of political crimes—e. g., when a general had waged war unskilfully or had exceeded the limits of his power—an appeal to the Comitia Tributa was granted, and they were decided by that body in the regular legal manner. The fines imposed by the people were always, and those imposed by the magistrates usually, set apart for sacred purposes; otherwise they fell to the Treasury, as was the rule under the Empire. This also received a part of the penalties fixed by laws; the other was given to the plaintiff. Fines for contravention of the clauses of a will were either paid to the funds of a temple or to the community to which the testator belonged, and at Rome to the Treasury. See Huschke, Die Multa (Leipzig, 1882); and the article poena.