καθύπερθε

καθύπερθε [ῠ], poet. before a vowel καθύπερ-θεν (also v.l. in Th. 5.59, S. El. 1090 (lyr.)); Ion. κατύπερθε: Adv.:—

• from above, down from above, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος κ. ἔνευεν Il. 3.337, cf. 22.196, Od. 12.442, etc.; κ. μελαθρόφιν 8.279; ἐκ μὲν τοῦ πεδίου . ., κ. δέ . . Th. 5.59, cf. IG 1(2).398: c. gen., πυρός Nic. Th. 691.
• • • 2 atop, above, opp. ὑπένερθε, Od. 10.353; κ. ἐπιρρέει floats atop, Il. 2.754; κ. τῶν ὅπλων τοῦ τόνου Hdt. 7.36; of geographical position, Λέσβος ἄνω . ., καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε Il. 24.545: c. gen., καθύπερθε Χίοιο above, i.e. north of, Chios, Od. 3.170: in Prose, Κέρκιος κατύπερθε SIG 1.3 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.); ἡ χώρη ἡ κ. Hdt. 4.8; ἡ κ. ὁδός Id. 1.104, etc.; τὰ κ. the upper country, i.e. farther inland, τὰ κ. τῆς λίμνης Id. 2.5; τὰ κ. τῆς θηριώδεος ib. 32; τοῖσι κ. Ἀσσυρίων οἰκημένοισι Id. 1.194.
    • 3 above, having the upper hand of, κ. γενέσθαι τινός, prop., of a wrestler who falls atop of his opponent, ib. 67, 8.60.γʹ; κ. χερὶ πλούτῳ τε τῶν ἐχθρῶν S. El. l.c. (lyr.); also, of affairs, ἐλογίζετο . . κ. οἱ τὰ πρήγματα ἔσεσθαι τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν Hdt. 8.136; κακοὶ δʼ ἀγαθῶν καθύπερθεν Thgn. 679; μόχθου κ. superior to misery, unconquered by it, Pi. P. 9.31; also κ. ἤ . . Hdt. 8.75.
  • II of Time, before, c. gen., Id. 5.28.

καθύπερθε, vor Vokalen καθύπερθεν, ion. κατύπερθε, von oben her, von oben herab ; δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν, der Helmbusch winkte von oben herab, Il. 3.337 ; καθύπερθεν ἐπιρρέει 2.754 ; Od. 12.442 u. öfter ; χλαίνας καθύπερθεν ἕσασθαι Il. 24.646, überzuziehen ; πολλὰ δὲ καὶ καθύπερθε μελαθρόφιν ἐξεκέχυντο Od. 8.279. Bei geographischen Bestimmungen, Il. 24.545 ὅσσον Λέσβος ἄνω ἐντὸς ἐέργει καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε, καθ. Χίου, Ὀρτυγίης καθ., oberhalb Chios, d.i. nördlich davon, Od. 3.170, 15.404. Ggstz ὑπένερθε, 10.353. So auch Her., ἡ χώρη ἡ κατύπερθε 4.8, τὰ κατύπερθε θηριώδης ἐστὶ ἡ Λιβύη 2.32.
Uebertr., πολλῷ κατύπερθε ἦν τῶν ἀντιστασιωτέων, er war überlegen, Her. 5.69, κατ. τῷ πολέμῳ γενέσθαι Τεγεητέων, die Oberhand gewinnen, besiegen, 1.67 ; 8.60 ; so auch Pind., μόχθου καθ. νεᾶνις, durch Mühsal unbesiegt, P. 9.32 ; Soph. ζῴης μοι καθύπερθεν χειρὶ καὶ πλούτῳ τεῶν ἐχθρῶν El. 1079 ; Sp.

καθύπερθε

[καθ-, κατα- 1, κατα- 5 + ὕπερθε.]

• • 1

    Down from above, from above: εἴ πώς οἱ κ. ἀλάλκοιεν (from the walls) Il. 22.196. Cf. Il. 21.269: ἧκα κ. πόδας Od. 12.442. Cf. Od. 8.279.

  • 2

    Above, on top: πηνειὸν κ. ἐπιρρέει (on the surface) Il. 2.754, λαοῖσιν κ. πεποιθότες (their comrades on the wall) Il. 12.153. Cf. Il. 21.337=Il. 11.42=Il. 15.481=Il. 16.138:=Od. 22.124, Od. 10.353.– In reference to covering: ἄλλα πάντα εἴλυται κ. Il. 12.286. Cf. Il. 18.353, Il. 21.321, Il. 24.450, 646:=Od. 4.299=Od. 7.338, Od. 23.193.

  • 3

    In geographical and navigational contexts

  • • a

      App, from a higher or dominating position: [ὅσσον] φρυγίη κ. [ἐντὸς ἐέργει] (as forming part of the tableland of Central Asia Minor) Il. 24.545 (or perh., (approximately) to the north. Cf. c).

    • b

      To seaward of.

      With genit.: κ. Χίοιο (leaving the shelter it afforded) Od. 3.170.

    • c

      App., to the north of.

      With genit.: νῆσος Συρίη Ὀρτυγίης κ. Od. 15.404 (cf. ὑπέρ 2..a).

κᾰθῠπερθε prep. c. gen.,

• 1above, superior to μόχθου καθύπερθε νεᾶνις ἦτορ ἔχοισα P. 9.31

καθύπερθε : from above, above, over; whether the word expressly denotes ‘northward’ is doubtful, Il. 24.545, Od. 3.170, Od. 15.404.

καθύπερθε

• • Ifrom above, down from above, Hom., etc.:—c. gen., κ. μελαθρόφιν Od.
  • • 2on the top or upper side, above, Od.; καθ. ἐπιρρέει floats atop, Il.:— to denote geographical position, Φρυγίη καθύπερθε Il.; c. gen., καθύπερθε Χίου above, i. e. north of, Chios, Od.; τὰ κ. the upper country, i. e. further inland, τὰ κ. τῆς λίμνης Hdt.; καθύπερθε γενέσθαι τινός, properly, of a wrestler who falls atop of his opponent; hence, to have the upper hand of, Hdt.
  • IIof Time, before, c. gen., Hdt.