οὐδείς

οὐδείς, fem. οὐδεμίᾰ (never nom. acc. -μίη, -μίην, since οὐδεμιῇ is prob. in Call. Aet. Oxy. 2080.56 [Fr. 43.54 Pf.], rarely οὐδʼ ἴα Sapph. 69, Mosch. 4.40), neut. οὐδέν (declined and accentuated like εἷς, μία, ἕν),

• not one, i.e. no one, none, used by Hom., Hes., and Pi. (who prefer οὔτις) only in neut. nom. and acc. οὐδέν, exc. in the phrase τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων Il. 22.459, al.; οὐδείς is found in B. Fr. 28; but all genders and cases are common in all other writers, Hdt. 1.32, 33, etc.: rare in pl., no set of persons or things, And. 1.23 (dub. cj.), X. Lac. 3.1; πρὸς οὐδένας τῶν Ἑλλήνων D. 18.23 (v.l.), cf. 19.31,66,312, 24.214, 27.7; οὐδένων εἰσὶ βελτίους, i.e. οὔ τινων ἄλλων, Id. 2.17 (cf. οὐδενὸς βελτίους Pl. Prt. 324d): dat. pl. οὐδέσιν Paus. 3.24.3; for another sense of the pl., v. infr. II.3.—In Ion. the pl. is usu. οὐδαμοί.
• • • 2 οὐ. ὅστις οὐ every one, Hdt. 3.72, etc.; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ every, Id. 5.97; this came to be regarded as one word, so that οὐδείς passed into the same case as ὅστις, οὐδένα ὅντινα οὐ κατέκλασε Pl. Phd. 117d; οὐδενὸς ὅτου οὐ πάντων ἂν . . πατὴρ εἴην Id. Prt. 317c, cf. 323b; οὐδενὶ ὅτῳ οὐκ ἀποκρινόμενος Id. Men. 70c; so οὐ. ὃς οὐχὶ . . ὀνειδιεῖ S. OT 373; οὐδὲν γὰρ . . οὔτʼ αἰσχρὸν οὔτʼ ἄτιμόν ἐσθʼ, ὁποῖον οὐ . . οὐκ ὄπωπʼ ἐγώ Id. Ant. 4.
    • 3 later οὐδὲν ὅ τι without οὐ, = nothing, οὐδὲν ὅ τι παρήσω Agath. Praef. p.137 D., al.
    • 4 ὅστις οὐδείς not one, ἐτεθνήκεσαν δὲ αὐτῶν μὲν ἀμφὶ τοὺς τετρακοσίους, Ῥωμαίων δὲ ὅστις οὐδείς Id. 5.20.
  • II naught, good for naught, ὦ νῦν μὲν οὐ. αὔριον δʼ ὑπέρμεγας Ar. Eq. 158, cf. E. Fr. 187.5; τὸ μὲν [γένος ἀνδρῶν] οὐδέν Pi. N. 6.3: freq. in neut., οὐδὲν εἰδώς knowing naught, Thgn. 141, E. Fr. 391; οὐκ ἄρʼ ᾔστην οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν δάκνειν knew nothing save how to . ., Ar. Av. 19; οὐδὲν λέγειν to say naught, v. λέγω (B) III. 6; τὸ οὐδʼ οὐδέν the absolute nothing, Pl. Tht. 180a.
  • • 2 in neut., of persons, οὐδέν εἰμι S. Ph. 951, etc.; οὐδὲν εἶ Ar. Ec. 144; πρὸς τὸν οὐδέν E. Ph. 598; τὸ μηδὲν εἰς οὐδὲν ῥέπει Id. Fr. 532.2; ᾧ ἀνεμέσητον . . οὐδενὶ εἶναι Pl. Tht. 175e.
    • 3 in pl., οὐδένες ἐόντες ἐν οὐδαμοῖσι ἐοῦσι Ἕλλησι being nobodies, Hdt. 9.58; ὄντες οὐδένες E. Andr. 700, cf. IA 371; ὁ μηδὲν ὢν κἀξ οὐδένων κεκλήσομαι dub. cj. in Id. Ion 594; οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου τοὺς μηδένας S. Aj. 1114.
    • 4 with Preps., παρʼ οὐδὲν εἶναι Id. OT 983, etc.; παρʼ οὐδὲν ἄγειν, θέσθαι, Id. Ant. 35, E. IT 732; διʼ οὐδενὸς ποιεῖσθαι S. OC 584; ἐν οὐδενὸς εἶναι μέρει D. 2.18.
    • 5 τὸ οὐδέν naught, zero, in Arith., Nicom. Ar. 2.6; used by Democritus as a name for Place, Arist. Fr. 208.
  • III neut. οὐδέν as Adv., not at all, naught, ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐ. ἔτισεν Il. 1.412, cf. 24.370, Hdt. 5.34, Th. 8.22, etc.; so οὐδέν τι X. Mem. 1.2.42, etc.; οὐ. τι πάντως Hdt. 5.65: in answers, nothing, never mind, no matter, E. Med. 64, IT 781, Ar. Nu. 694; οὐδέν γε not at all, Id. Av. 1360, etc.; οὐδὲν μᾶλλον, οὐδὲν ἧσσον, οὐδὲν ὕστερος, v. μάλα II.5, ἥσσων III, ὕστερος A. I.
  • • 2 οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἤ, v. ἄλλος III. 2.
• B REMARKS: the more emphatic and literal sense, not even one, i.e. none whatever, belongs to the full form, οὐδὲ εἷς, οὐδὲ μία, οὐδὲ ἕν, which is never elided, even in Com. (v. Ar. Ra. 927, Lys. 1045 (lyr.), Pl. 138, 1115), but freq. has a Particle inserted between, cf. οὐδέ B. —Zen. (in EM 639.17) and others wrongly assume οὐδείς as a compd. not of οὐδέ and εἷς, but of οὐ and δείς (q. v.). (Later οὐθείς, q. v.)

οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν, gen. οὐδενός, οὐδεμιᾶς, οὐδενός usw., wie εἷς, μία, ἕν dekliniert, eigtl. οὐδὲ εἷς (nicht, wie alte Grammatiker nach EM. 639.17 wollten, von οὐ und δείς, δέν), auch nicht Einer, aber mit geringerem Nachdruck (s. οὐδέ), keiner, keine, keines, Nichts ; Hom. u. Folgde, allein u. mit Substantivis ; τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων, Il. 22.459 ; οὐδὲ μακύνων τέλος οὐδέν, Pind. P. 4.286 ; καὶ τοῖσιν οὐδεὶς ἀντέβαινε πλὴν ἐμοῦ, Aesch. Prom. 234 ; δόλος οὐδείς, Spt. 834, öfter ; ναυβάτης οὐδείς, Soph. Phil. 301 ; Eur. u. in Prosa, ἤ τις ἢ οὐδείς, Her. 3.140, einer oder keiner, d.i. kaum einer und der andere, sehr wenige ; vgl. Xen. Cyr. 7.5.45 ; οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐ, keiner, welcher nicht, d.i. jeder, Her. 3.72 u. Folgde, wie Xen. Cyr. 1.4.25 ; οὐδὲν ὅ, τι οὐ, Her. 5.97 ; auch im plur. οὐδένες, keine, Her. 9.58 ; οὐδένων καταδεέστεροι, Xen. Mem. 3.5.18 ; Folgde einzeln. – Das neutr. wird auch als Prädicat zu masc. u. fem. gesetzt, εἰμί, ich bin Nichts, nichtig, von den Toten, νῦν οὐδὲν ὄντα βαστάζω χεροῖν, Soph. bl. 1118 ; und so ὃς οὐδέν εἰμι καὶ τέθνηχʼ ὑμῖν, Phil. 1019 ; daher auch vom höchsten Grade des Unglücks, οὐδέν εἰμʼ ὁ δύσμορος, 939, ἀπωλόμην δύστηνος, οὐδέν εἰμʼ ἔτι, El. 067 ; O.C. 571 ; vgl. Eur. Andr. 642, 1078, Cycl. 638 ; Ar. oft, οὐδὲν ὤν, Ach. 651, ich bin verloren, Eq. 1240, Vesp. 997, οὐδὲν εἶ, du bist Nichts wert, Eccl. 144 ; dah. οὐδὲν λέγειν, Nichts sagen, törichtes Zeug schwatzen, Possen reden, Thesm. 625, Vesp. 75 (vgl. λέγειν); u. so sogar bei plur., ἄνδρες οἱ ἡμέτεροι πλούσιοί εἰσιν οὐδέν, Plat. Rep. VIII.556d (vgl. auch μηδείς); doch wird auch das masc. so gebraucht, Her. 9.58, Eur. Andr. 700, I.A. 371. – Häufig steht es adverbial, in Nichts, um Nichts, keinesweges, ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν οὐδὲν ἔτισεν, gar nicht, Il. 1.412, νεμεσσῶμαί γε μὲν οὐδέν, Od. 4.195 ; προθυμίας γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐλλείπεις, Aesch. Prom. 341 ; οὐδὲν γὰρ ἤρκει τόξα, Pers. 270 ; χαίρουσαν οὐδὲν ἧσσον, Ag. 1364, öfter ; οὐδὲν ἐντρέπει ἐμοῦ γε, Soph. El. 509 ; οὐδὲν αἰσχυνθείς, Eur. Or. 568 ; οὐδὲν πάντως, Her. 2.101 ; οὐδὲν μᾶλλον, um Nichts mehr, Xen. Cyr. 8.4.36 ; auch οὐδέν τι μᾶλλον, 7.1.6, wie οὐδέν τι, 2.4.9 ; vgl. Heind. zu Plat. Phaed. 65e ; οὐδὲν ἠχθετο, Xen. An. 1.8.8 ; οὐδὲν πλήθει γε ἡμῶν λειφθέντες, Xen. An. 7.7.31. – Die spätere Form οὐθείς s. unten besonders.

οὐδείς

-ενός. Neut. οὐδέν.

[οὐδέ + εἷς.]

• • 1

    Not any, no : κτέρας Il. 10.216. Cf. Il. 22.513 : Od. 4.350= Od. 17.141.

    Absol. in masc., no one : οὐδενὶ εἴκων Il. 22.459 := Od. 11.515.

    In neut., nothing : οὐδὲν ἐοργώς Od. 22.318. Cf. Od. 9.34, Od. 18.130.

  • 2

    In neut. as adv., not at all, in no wise, by no means : οὐ. ἔτεισας Il. 1.244. Cf. Il. 1.412= Il. 16.274, Il. 22.332, Il. 24.370 : Od. 4.195, 248, Od. 9.287, Od. 11.563, Od. 19.264, Od. 20.366, Od. 22.370.

οὐδείς (οὐδέν nom., acc.)

• 1no, nothing τερπνὸν δʼ ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἴσον ἔσσεται οὐδέν O. 8.53 οὐδὲ μακύνων τέλος οὐδέν P. 4.286 κατέκλασε γὰρ ἐντέων σθένος οὐδέν P. 5.34 pro subs., οὐδέν ποτε φαίνεται ἔμμεν ἄπιστον P. 10.49 διείργει δὲ πᾶσα κεκριμένα δύναμις, ὡς τὸ μὲν οὐδέν, ὁ δὲ χάλκεος ἀσφαλὲς αἰὲν ἕδος μένει οὐρανός N. 6.3 ὀλοφύ<ρομαι οὐ>δέν, ὅ τι πάντων μέτα πείσομαι (supp. Housman) Πα. 9. 21. ]δʼ οὐδὲν προσαιτέων fr. 177f. πιστὸν δʼ ἀπίστοις οὐδέν fr. 233.

οὐδείς : no one, nothing, in Homer only the neut. as adv., and the dat. masc., τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων, Il. 22.459, Od. 11.515.

οὐδείς never οὐδεμίη

• • Iand not one, i. e. no one, none, as Lat. nullus, for ne ullus, Hom., etc.:—rare in pl. (οὐδαμοί being used instead), Xen.; πρὸς οὐδένας τῶν Ἑλλήνων Dem.; v. infr. II. 3.
  • • 2οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐ, Lat. nemo non, every one, Hdt., Attic; οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ, Lat. nihil non, every, Hdt.; this came to be regarded as one word, so that οὐδείς passed into the same case as the relative, οὐδένα ὅντινα οὐ κατέκλασε Plat.
  • IInaught, good for naught, Ar.
  • • 2in neut. of persons, οὐδέν εἰμι Hdt.; πρὸς τὸν οὐδένα Eur.; οὐδὲν εἶναι to be good for nothing, Ar.
    • 3in pl., οὐδένες ἐόντες being nobodies, Hdt.; ὄντες οὐδένες Eur.; ὁ μηδὲν ὢν κἀξ οὐδένων κεκλήσομαι Eur.
    • 4with Preps., παρʼ οὐδὲν ἄγειν, θέσθαι to make of no account, Soph., Eur.; διʼ οὐδενὸς ποιεῖσθαι Soph.; ἐν οὐδενὸς εἶναι μέρει Dem.
  • IIIneut. οὐδέν as adv. not at all, naught, Il., etc.
  • • 2οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἤ, v. ἄλλος.