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πρόσχημα

πρόσχημα, that which is held before

πρόσχημα, ατος, τό, (προέχω)
  • that which is held before: hence,
    • I that which is held before to cover, screen, cloak, τὸ σῶφρον τοῦ ἀνάνδρου π. Th. 3.82; pretence, pretext, πατὴρ . . σοὶ π. ἀεί, ὡς ἐξ ἐμοῦ τέθνηκεν S. El. 525; τοῦτο π. ποιούμενος Lys. 6.37; also π. τοῦ λόγου in the same sense, Hdt. 4.167, cf. 6.133: c. gen., αὗται [αἱ πόλεις] π. ἦσαν τοῦ στόλου ib. 44; Φίλιππος γίγνεται π. τοῦ πολέμου Plb. 11.5.4; τῷ τῆς τέχνης π. on the ground of . ., D. 5.6; π. ποιεύμενος ὡς ἐπʼ Ἀθήνας ἐλαύνει making a pretence or show of marching against Athens, Hdt. 7.157: c. inf., π. ποιούμενοι τοὺς ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης μὴ προδώσειν pretend that they will not . ., Th. 5.30; π. ἦν ἀμύνεσθαι Id. 1.96; also π. ποιεῖσθαι or ποιήσασθαί τι to put forward as a screen or disguise, Pl. Prt. 316d, 316e, cf. 317a: πρόσχημα, as acc. abs., by way of pretext, Hdt. 9.87; καλῶν ὀνομάτων καὶ προσχημάτων μεστή full of fair words and appearances, Pl. R. 495d.
      • 2 preface, π. καὶ ἀρχὴ τοῦ λόγου Id. Hp.Ma. 286a.
    • II ornament, τῆς Ἰωνίης π., of Miletus, Hdt. 5.28, cf. Plb. 3.15.3; τῆς Ἑλλάδος Str. 10.2.3, cf. 11.11.1, Plu. Alex. 17; τὸ κλεινὸν Ἑλλάδος π. ἀγῶνος, of the Pythian games, S. El. 682; μετὰ προσχήματος ἀξίου τῆς πόλεως with a dignity, D. 18.178; τὸ τοῦ γένους π. the nobility of his birth, OGI 470.23 (i B.C./i A.D.); Ἀχιλλέα τινʼ ἢ Νιόβην . ., π. τῆς τραγῳδίας the pomp or show of tragedy, Ar. Ra. 913; Δαρείου τὸ π. his pomp, Arist. Mu. 398a12; of a person, π. ἑαυτῆς (sc. τῆς πόλεως) IG 12(7).395.17 (Amorgos).
      • 2 outward appearance of a wound, f.l. in Hp. Ulc. 24; aspect, τῆς ὅλης θεουργίας διττόν ἐστι π., τὸ ἱερατικὸν τῶν θεῶν π., Iamb. Myst. 4.2.
      • 3 costume, uniform, PMasp. 334.12, PFlor. 288.9 (both vi A.D.).

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