τλάω

*τλάω, never found in pres. (exc. in very late writers, as Tz. H. 9.133), this tense being supplied by the pf. τέτλαμεν, etc., or by τολμάω: fut. τλήσομαι Il. 11.317, A. Ag. 1290; Aeol. and Dor. τλάσομαι Sapph. 75, Pi. P. 3.41; later fut. ταλάσσω Lyc. 746: Ep. aor. 1. ἐτάλασσα Il. 17.166; subj. ταλάσσω 13.829, 15.164 (an aor. Med. ταλάσσατο, Opp. C. 3.155); inf. τελάσσαι Hsch. (cf. τελα-μών): but the usu. aor. was ἔτλην, Il. 18.433, etc., Ep. τλῆν 5.385, al., Dor. ἔτλᾱν A. Ag. 224 (lyr.), etc.; 3 pl. ἔτλησαν E. Supp. 171, Dor. ἔτλᾱσαν S. Ph. 1201 (lyr.), Ep. ἔτλᾰν Il. 21.608, Simon. 107.7 (= IG 7.53); imper. τλῆθι Thgn. 1237, Orac. ap. Hdt. 5.56, S. Ph. 475, etc., Dor. τλᾶθι Pi. P. 4.276; 2 sg. subj. τλῇς A. Supp. 428 (lyr.); opt. τλαίην, 3 pl. τλαῖεν Il. 17.490; inf. τλῆναι A. Pr. 704, Ep. τλήμεναι Theoc. 25.174; part. τλάς, τλᾶσα, A. Ag. 1453 (lyr.), Ch. 753, S. OC 1077 (lyr.): pf. τέτληκα, in 2 sg., Il. 1.228, 543, Ar. Pl. 280, Th. 544, 3 sg., Od. 19.347; in shorter forms with pres. sense, Ep. 1 pl. τέτλαμεν 20.311; imper. τέτλᾰθι Il. 5.382, τετλάτω Od. 16.275; opt. τετλαίην Il. 9.373; Ep. inf. τετλάμεναι Od. 13.307, τετλάμεν 6.190, τετλάναι Metag. 18 (hex.); Ep. part. τετληώς, fem. τετληυῖα Od. 20.23, masc. dat. τετληότι 4.447, al., pl. τετληότες Il. 5.873, -ῶτες Orph. A. 1350: plpf. ἐτέτλαμεν A.R. 1.807:—

• poet. Verb, used by Isoc. 4.96 (quoted by Arist. Rh. 1408b16), X. Cyr. 3.1.3; but τολμάω is the common prose form (cf. τλήμων):
• • I suffer, undergo hardship, disgrace, etc. (never like φέρω, of bodily loads or burdens):
  • • 1 abs., hold out, endure, be patient, submit, ἤτοι ἐγὼ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι Il. 11.317, cf. 19.308; ἔτι τλαίης ἐνιαυτόν Od. 1.288, cf. 2.219; esp. in imper., τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο Il. 1.586; τλῆτε, φίλοι 2.299; τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη Od. 20.18: so in inf., σὺ δὲ τετλάμεναι καὶ ἀνάγκῃ 13.307: in part., τετληότι θυμῷ 4.447, etc.; κραδίη τετληυῖα 20.23: sts. folld. by a relat. clause, τλῆ μὲν Ἄρης, ὅτε μιν . . δῆσαν Il. 5.385, cf. 392; δηρὸν ἐτέτλαμεν εἴ κε . . μεταστρέψωσι νόον A.R. l.c.
    • 2 c. acc. rei, ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν I submitted to be wedded to a man, Il. 18.433; ῥίγιστα . . τετληότες εἰμέν 5.873; τλῆ δʼ Ἀΐδης . . ὀϊστόν bore up under the wound from it, ib. 395; ἔτλαν πένθος Pi. I. 7(6).37; οἷα χρὴ πάθη τλῆναι πρὸς Ἥρας A. Pr. 704, cf. Ag. 1453 (lyr.), Ch. 753, S. OC 1077 (lyr.), Tr. 71, E. Hec. 1251.
  • II c. inf., dare or venture to do, οὔτε λόχονδʼ ἰέναι τέτληκας θυμῷ Il. 1.228, cf. 7.480, 21.150, etc.; bring oneself to do something contrary to oneʼs feelings, whether good or bad, have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or the grace, charity, patience, to do anything, ἔστε δὴ πατρὶ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν νυκτίφοιτα δείματα I took courage to . ., A. Pr. 657; ἔτλα θυτὴρ γενέσθαι θυγατρός Id. Ag. 224 (lyr.); ἔτλα . . φῶς ἀλλάξαι submitted to exchange . ., S. Ant. 944 (lyr.); πῶς ἔτλης σὰς ὄψεις μαρᾶναι; how couldst thou quench thy orbs of sight? Id. OT 1327; οὐδʼ ἔτλης . . ἐφυβρίσαι nor hadst thou the cruelty to . ., Id. Aj. 1384; μὴ τλῇς με προδοῦναι be not so cruel as to forsake me, E. Alc. 275 (anap.); οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν I could not bear to see, Ar. Nu. 119, cf. 1387 (lyr.), V. 1159, Pl. 280; so also in Il. 24.35, 505, 519, Hes. Op. 718, Sapph. 75, Pi. P. 3.41, etc.
  • • 2 c. acc. rei, dare a thing, i.e. dare to do it, ἄτλητα τλᾶσα A. Ag. 408 (lyr.).
    • 3 c. part., τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od. 20.311 (but in 5.362, Il. 5.383 the part. is independent of the Verb), cf. Simon. 85.14, A. Ag. 1041 (s. v.l.), Th. 756 (lyr.), S. El. 943. (Root τελᾰ- (τᾰλᾰ-) alternating with τλᾱ-: also in πολύ-τλας, τάλας, τάλαντον, τολμάω, τελαμών, Lat. tollo, OE. þolian ‘endure’, etc.)

τλάω, *τλάω, ungebräuchliche Stammform, von der kein praes. vorkommt (vgl. ἀνέχομαι, ὑπομένω u. ä., die es ersetzen); fut. τλήσομαι ; aor. ἔτλην, ἔτλαν für ἔτλησαν, Il. 21.608, τλῆναι, τλῆθι, τλαῖεν = τλαίησαν, 17.490 ; perf., gew. mit Präsensbdtg, τέτληκα, doch auch wirkliches perf., Ar. Plut. 280 ; davon im plur. synkopierte Formen bei Dichtern, u. sämmtlich mit Präsensbdtg, τέτλαμεν (z.B. Od. 20.311, wo früher falsch τετλάμεν akzentuiert war) usw., imper. τέτλαθι, τετλάτω, Od. 16.275, opt. τετλαίην, Il. 9.373, inf. τετλάναι, bei Hom. τετλάμεν, auch τετλάμεναι, Od. 15.307, partic., ion. u. ep., τετληώς, ότος, Hom. u. Her., fem. τετληυῖα, Od. 20.23 ; nur episch ist der aor. ἐτάλασα, ἐτάλασσα, Il. 17.166, conj. ταλάσσω, 13.829, 15.164, wozu Sp., wie Lycophr. 746, auch das fut. ταλάσσω gebildet haben;
ertragen, auf sich nehmen u. aushalten ; von allem Schweren, Mühseligen, Gefährlichen, nie, wie φέρω, von körperlichen Lasten ; Hom.; absolut, ἤτοι ἐγὼ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι, Il. 11.317 ; τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο, 1.586 ; τλήσομαι ἐν στήθεσσιν ἔχων ταλαπενθέα θυμόν, Od. 5.222 ; τλήσομαι ἄλγεα πάσχων, 362 ; oft τετληότι θυμῷ, mit standhafter Seele, ausdauerndem, duldendem Gemüte ; κραδίη τετληυῖα, 20.23 ; c. accus., ἥτις δὴ τέτληκε τόσα, 19.347 ; ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν, Il. 18.433 ; ἔτλην δʼ οἷʼ οὔπω τις ἄλλος, 24.505 ; u. bes. c. inf., Etwas unternehmen, über sich gewinnen, od. wagen Etwas zu tun ; auch im schlimmen Sinne, sich erdreisten, sich erfrechen ; οὔτε λόχον δʼ ἰέναι τέτληκας θυμῷ, 1.228 ; ὅ μευ ἔτλης ἀντίος ἐλθεῖν, 21.150 ; ὃς ἔτλης ἐμεῦ εἵνεκα τείχεος ἐξελθεῖν, 22.236 ; πῶς ἔτλης ἐλθέμεν οἶος, 24.519 ; οὐδέ τις ἔτλη πρὶν πιέειν, πρὶν λεῖψαι ὑπερμενέϊ Κρονίωνι, 7.480, Keiner wagte es früher zu trinken, mochte früher trinken ; μήποτε πενίην ἀνδρὶ τέτλαθʼ ὀνειδίζειν, Hes. O. 720. – So auch Pind. u. Tragg.: οὐκέτι τλάσομαι ψυχᾷ, Pind. P. 3.41 ; ἔτλαν πένθος, I. 6.37 ; τλᾶθι θέμεν, P. 4.276 ; οἷα χρὴ πάθη τλῆναι πρὸς Ἥρας τήνδε τὴν νεάνιδα, Aesch. Prom. 706 ; τλάσομαι τὸ κατθανεῖν, Ag. 1263 ; μήτι τλᾷς τὰν ἱκέτιν εἰσιδεῖν, Suppl. 428 ; πῶς πατρῷα δώματα λιπεῖν ἔτλητε, 322 ; πῶς ἔτλης σὰς ὄψεις μαρᾶναι, Soph. O.R. 1327, u. öfter ; τλῆθι τὰ μὴ φίλα, Eur. Hec. 1251 ; τλῆθι τοὺς σοὺς προσβλέπειν ἔναντίους ἐχθρούς, Heracl. 943 ; μὴ τλῇς με προδοῦναι, Alc. 276, u. öfter ; οὔπω τέτληκας ἡμῖν φράσαι, Ar. Plut. 280. – In Prosa selten, οὐκέτι ἔτλη εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν, Xen. Cyr. 3.1.2. – Auch c. partic., καὶ παῖδα γάρ τοι φασὶν Ἀλκμήνης ποτὲ πραθέντα τλῆναι, Aesch. Ag. 1041 ; ὅς τε μὴ πρὸς ἁγνὰν σπείρας ἄρουραν ῥίζαν αἱματόεσσαν ἔτλα, Spt. 378.

†τλάω

Fut. in mid. form τλήσομαι Il. 3.306, Il. 11.317, Il. 19.308 : Od. 5.222, 362.

2 sing. aor. ἐτάλασσας Il. 17.166.

2 sing. subj. ταλάσσῃς Il. 13.829.

3 sing. ταλάσσῃ Il. 15.164.

Aor. ἔτλην Il. 18.433, Il. 22.251, Il. 24.505 : Od. 8.182, Od. 10.53.

2 sing. ἔτλης Il. 17.153, Il. 21.150, Il. 22.236, Il. 24.519 : Od. 11.475, Od. 17.104, 456, Od. 20.18.

3 sing. ἔτλη Il. 1.534, Il. 5.21, Il. 7.151, 480, Il. 17.733, Il. 18.246, Il. 19.14, Il. 20.421, Il. 22.136 : Od. 2.82, Od. 4.242, 271, 716, Od. 11.143, 425, Od. 14.269, Od. 17.438, Od. 23.150. τλῆ Il. 5.385, 392, 395, Il. 8.78.

1 pl. τλῆμεν Il. 5.383.

2 pl. ἔτλητε Il. 24.35.

3 pl. ἔτλαν Il. 21.608.

Opt. τλαίην Od. 2.219, Od. 10.52.

2 sing. τλαίης Il. 4.94 : Od. 1.288, Od. 5.178, Od. 10.343, Od. 11.376.

3 sing. τλαίη Il. 10.307, Il. 24.565 : Od. 10.384.

3 pl. τλαῖεν Il. 17.490.

3 sing. imp. τλήτω Od. 11.350.

2 pl. τλῆτε Il. 2.299.

2 sing. pf. τέτληκας Il. 1.228, 543.

3 sing. τέτληκε Od. 19.347.

1 pl. τέτλαμεν Od. 20.311.

3 sing. opt. τετλαίη Il. 9.373.

Imp. τέτλαθι Il. 1.586, Il. 5.382 : Od. 20.18.

3 sing. imp. τετλάτω Od. 16.275.

Dat. sing. masc. pple. τετληότι Od. 4.447, 459, Od. 9.435, Od. 11.181, Od. 16.37, Od. 18.135, Od. 23.100, 168, Od. 24.163.

Nom. pl. masc. τετληότες Il. 5.873.

Nom. sing. fem. τετληυῖα Od. 20.23.

Infin. τετλάμεναι Od. 13.307. τετλάμεν Od. 3.209, Od. 6.190. (ἀνα-, ἐπι-)

• • 1

    To undergo evil, have evil laid upon one, suffer : πολλοὶ τλῆμεν ἐξ ἀνδρῶν Il. 5.383. Cf. Il. 5.385, 392.

  • 2

    To undergo (evil), have (it) laid upon one, suffer (it) : τλῆ Ἀΐδης ὀϊστόν Il. 5.395, ῥίγιστα τετληότες εἰμέν (we go on suffering . . .) 873. Cf. Il. 18.433 : Od. 8.182, Od. 19.347, Od. 20.18.

  • 3

    To endure evil with fortitude, resolution or patience, to bear up, hold out, submit: τέτλαθι καὶ ἀνάσχεο Il. 1.586, Il. 5.382, τλῆτε, φίλοι (have patience) Il. 2.299. Cf. Il. 19.308 : χρὴ τετλάμεν ἔμπης Od. 3.209, Od. 6.190. Cf. Od. 1.288, Od. 2.219, Od. 5.222, 362, Od. 10.52, 53, Od. 13.307, Od. 16.275, Od. 20.18, 311.

  • 4

    In pf. pple. in adjectival sense, enduring, steadfast, patient : τετληότι θυμῷ Od. 4.447, 459, Od. 9.435, Od. 11.181=Od. 16.37, Od. 18.135, Od. 24.163, κραδίη τετληυῖα Od. 20.23.

    In bad sense, not to be moved or touched, hard : τετληότι θυμῷ Od. 23.100= 168.

  • 5

    To exhibit resolution or fortitude, show a firm front, stand firm : μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι Il. 11.317.

  • 6

    To take (a deed) upon oneself, dare (it), brace or nerve oneself to (it) : ἔτλην οἷʼ οὔ πώ τις βροτὸς ἄλλος Il. 24.505. Cf. Od. 4.242, 271.

    App., to stand up to, face (the foe) : οὐκ ἂν ἐφορμηθέντε γε νῶϊ τλαῖεν μαχέσασθαι (to endure our onset so as to fight with us, to stand up to us and fight with us) Il. 17.490.

  • 7

    With infin.

  • • a

      To have the spirit, courage or resolution to do something, venture or dare to do it : τλαίης κεν Μενελάῳ ἐπιπροέμεν ἰόν (would pluck up spirit and . . .) Il. 4.94, οὐδʼ ἔτλη περιβῆναι ἀδελφειοῦ Il. 5.21. Cf. Il. 1.228, Il. 7.480, Il. 9.373, Il. 13.829, Il. 15.164, etc. : Od. 11.475, Od. 14.269, Od. 17.438.

      Absol. : οὐδέ τις ἔτλη Il. 7.151.

    • b

      To have the hardihood or boldness to do something : οὐδέ τις ἔτλη μεῖναι ἐπερχόμενον (i.e. awe made them rise) Il. 1.534.

    • c

      With neg., not to have the heart to do something, not to endure to do it : οὔ πω τλήσομʼ ὁρᾶσθαι μαρνάμενον φίλον υἱόν Il. 3.306. Cf. Il. 20.421 : Od. 2.82.

      Sim. in interrogative form : τίς κεν ἀνὴρ πρὶν τλαίη πάσσασαι ἐδητύος πρὶν λύσασθʼ ἑτάρους; Od. 10.384.

    • d

      To make up one’s mind to do something, bring, induce, steel or prevail upon oneself to do it : οὐδέ τί πώ μοι πρόφρων τέτληκας εἰπεῖν ἔπος Il. 1.543, τὸν οὐκ ἔτλητε σαῶσαι (could not find it in your hearts to . . .) Il. 24.35 : οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἔτλη δίφρῳ ἐφέζεσθαι (had not the heart to . . .) Od. 4.716. Cf. Od. 5.178=Od. 10.343, Od. 11.143, 350, 376, 425, Od. 17.104, 456, Od. 23.150.

τλάω (fut. τλσομαι; aor. ἔτλαν; τλᾶθι; τλάντων.)

• • a endure τλάντων δʼ ἔπειτα θεοὶ συνετέλεσσαν (sc. τῶν Ἀβδηριτῶν) Pae. 2.64 c. acc., ἔτλαν δὲ πένθος οὐ φατόν I. 7.37
  • b c. inf., have the courage to τλᾶθι τᾶς εὐδαίμονος ἀμφὶ Κυράνας θέμεν σπουδὰν ἅπασαν P. 4.276 “οὐκέτι τλάσομαι ψυχᾷ γένος ἁμὸν ὀλέσσαι” P. 3.41

τλάω perfect forms are used with pres. sense

• • Ito take upon oneself, to bear, suffer, undergo: c. acc. rei, ἔτλην οἷʼ οὔπω καὶ ἄλλος Il.; ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν I submitted to be wedded to a man, Il.; τλῆ ὀϊστόν submitted to be wounded by it, Il.; ἔτλα πένθος Pind., etc.
  • • 2absol. to hold out, endure, be patient, submit, Hom.; esp. in imperat., τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή Il.; τλῆτε, φίλοι Od.; in part., τετληότι θυμῶι with patient soul, Od.; κραδίη τετληυῖα Od.
  • IIc. inf. to dare or venture to do, Od., Pind., etc.:—in Attic Poets, to dare to do a thing good or bad, hence either to have the courage, hardihood, effrontery, cruelty, or to have the grace, patience, to do anything, ἔς τε δὴ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν till I took courage to tell, Aesch.; ἔτλα ἀλλάξαι submitted to exchange, Soph.; οὐδʼ ἔτλης ἐφυβρίσαι nor hadst thou the cruelty to insult, Soph.; οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν I could not bear to see, Ar.
  • • 2c. acc. rei, to dare a thing, i. e. dare to do it, ἄτλητα τλᾶσα Aesch.; εἰ καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔτλη Soph.
    • 3c. part., τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od.