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ἀνά

ἀνά, ἀνά, up, up along, throughout (+ acc.)

ἀνά [ᾰνᾰ], Aeol., Thess., Arc., Cypr. ὀν, Prep. governing gen., dat., and acc. By apocope ἀνά becomes ἄν before dentals, as ἂν τὸν ὀδελόν; ἄγ before gutturals, as ἂγ γύαλα; ἄμ before labials, as ἂμ βωμοῖσι, ἂμ πέτραις, etc.; ἀμπεπλεγμένας IG 5(2).514.10 (Arc.).
  • A WITH GEN., three times in Od., in phrase ἀνὰ νηὸς βαίνειν go on board ship, 2.416, 9.177, 15.284; ἂν τοῦ τοίχου, τᾶς ὁδοῦ, τοῦ ῥοειδίου, IG 14.352i40, ii 15,83 (Halaesa).
  • B WITH DAT., on, upon, without any notion of motion, Ep., Lyr., and Trag. (only lyr.), ἀνὰ σκήπτρῳ upon the sceptre, Il. 1.15, Pi. P. 1.6; ἂμ βωμοῖσι Il. 8.441; ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι 18.177; ἀνὰ Γαργάρῳ ἄκρῳ 15.152; ἀνὰ ὤμῳ upon the shoulder, Od. 11.128; ἀν ἵπποις, i. e. in a chariot, Pi. O. 1.41; ἂμ πέτραις A. Supp. 351 (lyr.); ἀνά τε ναυσὶν καὶ σὺν ὅπλοις E. IA 754; ἂγ Κόσσῳ GDI 1365 (Epirus).
  • C WITH ACCUS., the comm. usage, implying motion upwards:
    • I of Place, up, from bottom to top, up along, κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι Od. 22.176; ἀνὰ μέλαθρον up to, ib. 239; [φλὲψ] ἀνὰ νῶτα θέουσα διαμπερὲς αὐχένʼ ἱκάνει Il. 13.547; ἀνὰ τὸν ποταμόν Hdt. 2.96; ἂν ῥόον up-stream, GDI 5016.11 (Gortyn); κρῆς ἂν τὸν ὀδελὸν ἐμπεπαρμένον Ar. Ach. 796 (Megarian); simply, along, ἂν τὼς ὄρως Tab.Heracl. 2.32.
      • 2 up and down, throughout, ἀνὰ δῶμα Il. 1.570; ἀνὰ στρατόν, ἄστυ, ὅμιλον, ib. 384, Od. 8.173, etc.; ἂγ γύαλα A. Supp. 550 (lyr.); ἀνὰ πᾶσαν τὴν Μηδικήν, ἀνὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα, Hdt. 1.96, 2.135, etc.; ὀν τὸ μέσσον Alc. 18.3; ἀνὰ τὸ σκοτεινόν in the darkness, Th. 3.22.
      • 3 metaph., ἀνὰ θυμὸν φρονέειν, ἀνὰ στόμα ἔχειν, to have continually in the mind, in the mouth, Il. 2.36, 250; ἀνʼ Αἰγυπτίους ἄνδρας among them, Od. 14.286; ἀνὰ πρώτους εἶναι to be among the first, Hdt. 9.86.
    • II of Time, throughout, ἀνὰ νύκτα all night through, Il. 14.80; ἀνὰ τὰς προτέρας ἡμέρας Hdt. 7.223; ἀνὰ τὸν πόλεμον 8.123; ἀνὰ χρόνον in course of time, 1.173, 2.151, 5.27; ἀνὰ μέσσαν ἀκτῖνα (i. e. in the south) S. OC 1247.
      • 2 distributively, ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν day by day, Hdt. 2.37, 130, etc.; ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος 1.136, etc.; ἀνὰ πάντα ἔτεα 8.65: also ἀνὰ πρεσβύτᾱτα in order of age, Test.Epict. 4.28.
    • III distributively with Numerals, κρέα εἴκοσιν ἀνʼ ἡμιωβολιαῖα 20 pieces of meat at half an obol each, Ar. Ra. 554; τῶν ἀνʼ ὀκτὼ τὠβολοῦ that sell 8 for the obol, Timocl. 18; ἀνὰ πέντε παρασάγγας τῆς ἡμέρας [they marched] at the rate of 5 parasangs a day, X. An. 4.6.4; ἔστησαν ἀνὰ ἑκατόν μάλιστα ὥσπερ χοροί they stood in bodies of about 100 men each. ib. 5.4.12; κλισίας ἀνὰ πεντήκοντα companies at the rate of 50 in each, Ev.Luc. 9.14; ἔλαβον ἀνὰ δηνάριον a denarius apiece, Ev.Matt. 20.10; in doctorʼs prescriptions, ἀνὰ ὀβολὼ β Sor. 1.63, etc.: also ἀνὰ δύο ἥμισυ ζῳδίων amounting to 2 1/2 signs, Autol. 1.10; multiplied by, PPetr. 3p.198.
    • IV Phrases: ἀνὰ κράτος up to the full strength, i. e. vigorously, ἀνὰ κράτος φεύγειν, ἀπομάχεσθαι, X. Cyr. 4.2.30, 5.3.12; ἀνὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον and ἀνὰ λόγον proportionately, Pl. Phd. 110d; esp. in math. sense, Id. Ti. 37a, Arist. APo. 85a38, etc.; ἀνὰ μέσον in the midst, Antiph. 13, Men. 531.19; ἀνὰ μέρος by turns, Arist. Pol. 1287n17.
  • D WITH NOM. of Numerals, etc., distributively, Apoc. 21.21, v. l. in Sor. 1.11, 12, cf. Orib. Fr. 50,54.
  • E WITHOUT CASE as Adv., thereupon, Hom. and other Poets:— and with the notion of spreading all over a space, throughout, all over, μέλανες δʼ ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν all over there were clusters, Il. 18.562, cf. Od. 24.343:—but ἀνά often looks like an Adv. in Hom., where really it is only parted from its Verb by tmesis, ἀνὰ δʼ ἔσχετο; ἀνὰ δʼ ὦρτο (for ἀνῶρτο δέ) ; ἀνὰ τεύχεʼ ἀείρας (for τεύχεα ἀναείρας), etc.
    • F IN COMPOS.
      • 1 as in C. 1, up to, upwards, up, opp. κατά, as ἀνα-βαίνω, -βλέπω, ἀν-αιρέω, -ίστημι: poet. sts. doubled, ἀνʼ ὀρσοθύρην ἀναβαίνειν Od. 22.132.
      • 2 hence flows the sense of increase or strengthening, as in ἀνακρίνω; though it cannot always be translated, as in Homerʼs ἀνείρομαι:—in this case opp. ὑπό.
      • 3 from the notion throughout (E), comes that of repetition and improvement, as in ἀνα-βλαστάνω, -βιόω, -γεννάω.
      • 4 the notion of back, backwards, in ἀναχωρέω, ἀνανεύω, etc., seems to come from such phrases as ἀνὰ ῥόον up, i. e. against, the stream.
    • G ἄνα, written with anastr. as Adv., up! arise! ἀλλʼ ἄνα Il. 6.331, Od. 18.13:—in this sense the ult. is never elided; cf. ἀλλʼ ἄνα, εἰ μέμονάς γε Il. 9.247; ἀλλʼ ἄνα ἐξ ἑδράνων S. Aj. 194.
      • 2 apocop. ἄν after ὤρνυτο, ὦρτο, and up stood . . arose, Il. 3.268, 23.837, etc.
      • 3 when used as Prep. ἀνά never suffers anastrophe.

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