orbis

orbis terrarum
the orb of the earth

orbis , is, m.: a circle, ring; orb, disk, 2.227; coil, fold, 2.204; the globe, world, earth, 1.331; circular movement, revolving course, revolution, 1.269; orbit, 3.512; a winding, turning round, 12.743; of the eyes, 12.670.

orbis, is (nom. orbs, Ven. Carm. 8, 5. —Abl. regul. orbe; but orbi, Lucr. 5, 74: ex orbi, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16; Rutil. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.: orbi terrae, in the meaning in the world, Cic. Sest. 30, 66; so, orbi terrarum, id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82 Halm; id. Dom. 10, 24; id. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.), m. [etym. dub.; perh. akin to Sanscr. dhvar, bend, twist], any thing of a circular shape, a ring, round surface, disk, hoop, orbit, orb, a circle (class.; cf.: circus, circulus, gyrus, spira).

• I Lit.: in orbem torquere, Cic. Univ. 7: curvare aliquid in orbem, Ov. M. 2, 715: certumque equitavit in orbem, id. ib. 12, 468.—Of a ring: et digitum justo commodus orbe teras, fit exactly, Ov. Am. 2, 15, 6: unionum, roundness, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113.—Of a circle formed by men: ut in orbem consisterent, place themselves in a circle, form a circle, Caes. B. G. 5, 33: cum illi, orbe facto, se defenderent, id. ib. 4, 37: orbem volventes suos increpans, Liv. 4, 28: in orbem pugnare, id. 28, 22, 15: in orbem sese stantibus equis defendere, id. 28, 33, 15: stella (φαέθων) eundem duodecim signorum orbem annis duodecim conficit, the zodiac, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52: lacteus, the Milky Way, id. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—Of the orbit of a heavenly body: sidera circulos suos orbesque conficiunt, Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15.—Of a serpent, the windings, coils: immensis orbibus angues Incumbunt pelago, Verg. A. 2, 204.—Of a circular surface or disk: orbis mensae, a round table-top, Ov. H. 17, 87; cf. Juv. 11, 122.—Also, simply orbes, a round table, Mart. 2, 43; Juv. 1, 137.—Of a quoit or discus: ictus ab orbe, Ov. Ib. 590.—Of the scale of a balance: instabilis natat alterno depressior orbe, Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of a mirror: addidit et nitidum sacratis crinibus orbem, Mart. 9, 18, 5.—Of a shield: illa (hasta) per orbem Aere cavum triplici ... Transiit, Verg. A. 10, 783; Petr. 89.—Of a mosaic pavement of rounded pieces of marble, Juv. 11, 175.—Of a scale, one side of a balance, Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of the millstones of an oil-mill, Cato R. R. 22.—Of the wooden disk placed over olives in pressing them, Cato R. R. 18.—Of the hoop or tire of a wheel: rotarum orbes circumacti, Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52.—Of the wheel itself: undaque jam tergo ferratos sustinet orbes, Verg. G. 3, 361.—Hence, the wheel of fortune, Tib. 1, 5, 70; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 7; id. P. 2, 3, 56.—Of the socket of the eye: inanem luminis orbem, Ov. M. 14, 200.—Of the eye itself: gemino lumen ab orbe venit, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 16: ardentes oculorum orbes ad moenia torsit, Verg. A. 12, 670.—Of the sun's disk or orb: lucidus orbis, Verg. G. 1, 459.—Of the moon's disk or orb: quater junctis implevit cornibus orbem Luna, quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbem, Ov. M. 7, 530.—Of the circle of the world, the world, the universe: Juppiter arce suā totum cum spectet in orbem, Ov. F. 1, 85: renatus, the new-born day, Sil. 5, 56: terrarum or terrae, the circle or orb of the earth, the world (since the ancients regarded the earth as a circular plane or disk): permittitur infinita potestas orbis terrarum, Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33: ager Campanus orbis terrae pulcherrimus, id. ib. 2, 28, 76; id. Sest. 30, 66: cunctus ob Italiam terrarum clauditur orbis? Verg. A. 1, 233; cf. id. ib. 7, 224.—Also, simply orbis (so mostly poet.): hic, ubi nunc Roma est orbis caput, arbor et herbae, Ov. F. 5, 93: unus, Juv. 10, 168; 4, 148: universus, Vulg. Luc. 2, 1; id. Apoc. 12, 9.—Hence, a country, region, territory: Eoo dives ab orbe redit, the East, Ov. F. 3, 466: Assyrius, Juv. 2, 108: noster, Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45.—A kind of fish, Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 14 Sillig; cf. Isid. Orig. 12, 6, 6.—
• II Trop., a circle.
• • A Of things that return at a certain period of time, a rotation, round, circuit: ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur, Liv. 3, 10: insigne regium in orbem per omnes iret, in rotation, id. 3, 36: orbis hic in re publicā est conversus, the circle of political changes, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1.—
  • B Orbis doctrinae, an encyclopaedia: orbis ille doctrinae quam Graeci ἐγκύκλιον παιδείαν vocant, Quint. 1, 10, 1.—
  • C Of speech, a rounding off, roundness, rotundity: circuitum, et quasi orbem verborum conficere, Cic. de Or. 3, 51, 198: orationis, id. Or. 71, 234: historia non tam finitos numeros quam orbem quendam contextumque desiderat, Quint. 9, 4, 129.—
  • D A circle or cycle of thought: sententiae Pyrrhonis in hunc orbem quem circumscripsimus, incidere non possunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23; cf.: circa vilem patulumque orbem, Hor. A. P. 132.—
  • E Esp.: in orbem ire, to go the rounds, go around: quinque dierum spatio finiebatur imperium ac per omnes in orbem ibant, in turn, Liv. 1, 17, 6; 3, 36, 3.

orbis, is, m., jede Rundung, I) der Kreis, A) im allg.: in orbem torquere, Cic.: equitare in orbem, ringsherum, in einem Kreise, Ov.: orbem ducere, Sen., od. efficere, Ov., einen Kreis machen: digitum iusto orbe terit anulus, paßt gerade an den Finger, Ov.: orbis saltatorius, Tanzreif, Cic.: orb. laneus, wollene Binde, Prop.: orb. rotae, Felgen, Ov., Plin. u.a.: interior pars urbis, cui brevior munitionis orbis (ein engerer Mauerkreis) circumiectus erat, Liv. – B) insbes.: 1) als milit. t. t. = ein Kreis, Karree, orbem facere, Caes. u. Sall.: in orbem consistere, Caes.: in orbem coire, Liv.: orbem colligere, volvere, Liv.: in orbem se tutari, Liv. – 2) von Himmelskreisen: orb. signifer, der Tierkreis, Cic.: orbes finientes, der Horizont, Cic.: orbis lacteus (γαλαξίας κύκλος), die Milchstraße, Cic. – 3) v. den Windungen, kreisförmigen Bewegungen, immensi orbes, der Schlangen, Verg.: columbarum crebris pedum orbibus adulatio, Plin. – v. Kreislaufe des Jahres, annuus exactis completur mensibus orbis, ex quo etc., Verg.: triginta magnos volvendis mensibus orbes imperio explebit, Jahresläufe, Verg. – temporum orbes, Curt. – v. Kreislaufe der Geschäfte, der Erscheinungen, imperium per omnes in orbem ibat, ging im Kreise-, ging die Reihe herum, Liv.: ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur, damit sich derselbe Kreislauf (der Erscheinungen) regelmäßig alle Jahre wiederhole, Liv. – v. der periodischen Abrundung, Periode der Rede, orationis od. verborum, Cic.: ut forma ipsa concinnitasque verborum conficiat orbem suum, Cic. – v. abgeschlossenen Kreise von Ansichten, explosae eiectaeque sententiae Pyrrhonis, Aristonis, Erilli, quod in hunc orbem, quem circumscripsimus, incĭdere non possunt (weil sie in den von uns beschriebenen Kreis nicht fallen dürfen), adhibendae omnino non fuerunt, Cic. de fin. 5, 23; vgl. Hor. de art. poët. 132. – v. abgeschlossenen Kreis, dem Inbegriff der Enzyklopädie der Wissenschaften, orbis doctrinae, Übersetzung von ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία, Quint. 1, 10, 1. – v. abgeschlossenen Kreis, dem Inbegriff der Länder und ihrer Bewohner auf der Erde, orbis terrarum, der Erdkreis, die Welt (versch. von orbis terrae, s. unten no. II, B, 1, c), Cic. u.a.: velut conventum terrarum orbis (der ganzen Welt) acturus, Iustin.: u. bl. orbis, zB. alter orbis, ein zweiter Erdkreis, eine neue Welt, Vell. 2, 46, 1. Flor. 3, 10, 16: bes. v. röm. Reiche, orbis noster, Vell. 1, 2, 3 (vgl. 124, 1 u. 126, 3): orbis Romanus, Aur. Vict. epit. 41, 19: orbis totus, Sen. contr. 1. pr. 11. Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 27 u. 1179: orbis pacator, ibid. 1579. – II) die Scheibe, A) im allg.: orb. mensae, ein rundes Tischblatt, Ov.: orb. genuum, die Kniescheibe, Ov. – B) insbes.: 1) v. Weltkörpern: a) die Scheibe der Sonne und des Mondes, solis orbis, Liv. u. Vell.: u. so bl. lucidus orbis erit, Verg.: v. Monde, lunae orbis fulgens, Lact.: luna implet orbem, Ov. – b) der Himmel, Verg. u. Hor. – c) orbis terrae (hier nicht terrarum, s. oben no. I, B, 3 a. E.), die Erdscheibe, nach der Meinung der Alten, die Erde, das Erdenrund, α) übh.: orbis terrae circuitio, Vitr.: veram mensuram orbis terrae colligere, den Umfang der Erde genau berechnen, Vitr.: ager Campanus orbis terrae pulcherrimus, Cic.: summum consilium orbis terrae, Cic. – β) poet. wie unser Erde = Land, Gebiet, Gegend, Eous, das Morgenland, Ov.: Scythicus, Ov. – γ) poet. = Reich, di te summoveant orbe suo, Ov.: Crete, qui meus est orbis, Ov. – δ) meton. = das Menschengeschlecht, orbis terrae iudicio ac testimonio comprobari, Cic.: toti salutifer orbi cresce puer, Ov. – 2) v. anderen Gegenständen: a) ein runder Tisch (bes. v. Marmor), Mart. u. Iuven. – b) ein mit runden Stücken von buntem Marmor eingelegter Fußboden, Iuven. 11, 175. – c) die runde Scheibe des discus, quo ictus ab orbe cadas, Ov. Ib. 586. – d) die Wagschale, Tibull. 4, 1, 44. – e) der Spiegel, Mart. 9, 18, 5. – f) der Schild, Verg., Petron. u.a. – g) das Rad, Verg. georg. 3, 361. – u. v. Rade der Fortuna, Tibull. 1, 5, 70. Ov. trist. 5, 8, 7; ex Pont. 2, 3, 56. – bildl., festive et minore sonitu, quam putaram, orbis in hac re publica est conversus, hat sich das Rad (der Politik) gedreht, Cic. ad Att. 2, 9, 1: u. so sic orbem rei publicae esse conversum, ut vix sonitum audire, vix impressam orbitam videre possemus, ibid. 2, 21, 2: circumagetur hic orbis, das Blatt wird sich wenden, Liv. 42, 42, 6. – h) die Drehscheibe an der Öl- u. Weinkelter, Cato r. r. 11, 2; 13, 1; 18, 9 u. ö. – i) die Höhlung, der Kreis der Augen, Ov.: u. die Augen selbst, Ov. u.a. – k) eine Art Handpauke (tympanum), Auct. b. Suet. Aug. 78 (wo es aber das Volk in bezug auf Augustus für »Erdkreis« nimmt). – C) übtr., ein uns unbekannter Fisch, Plin. 32, 14. – ➳ Ungew. Abl. orbi, Lucr. 5, 705 u. 1164. Varro r. r. 3, 5, 16; 3, 16, 5. Cic. Arat. 340 u. 363. Manil. 5, 128 u. 279; in der Verbindung toto in orbi terrarum, Lucr. 5, 74; 6, 629: ex orbi terrarum, P. Rutil, fr. b. Charis. 139, 18: u. im lokat. orbi terrarum, Lucr. 2, 543. Cic. de rep. 5, 10; Verr. 4, 82; de domo 10, 24: ebenso orbi terrae, Cic. Sest. 66. Vgl. Charis. 139, 20. – Nbf. orbs, Ven. Fort. carm. 8, 6 (7), 198; 9, 3, 14. – Nbf. urbis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 5940, 2.

1 orbis [CL] 1 ring, circle, circular path, circuit. b (in ~em) in a circle. c circular marking on an animal. d wheel. e stirrup. f (her.) roundel. alius ‥ vectus cornipede ‥ implicans ~es ~ibus spatia terrarum metitur Aldh. VirgP 2; per cava ‥ serpo ‥ antra / flexos venarum girans anfractibus orbes Id. Aen. 73 (Fons) 2; 10‥ ~es, ~ibus, hringa, hohhwyrfinge WW.  b anguis varios se torquet in ~es W. Malm. Wulfst. II 12; eodem vinculo circumcingitur lignum rotundum de transverso in medio collocatum ‥ ut alterna illa agitatione continue versetur in ~em J. Ford Serm. 25. 6; colores subjectum suum colorant in ~em et non in longum nec linealiter Quaest. Salern. N 28; pusionibus qui volunt ludere, / qui trocos scutice jocoso verbere / solent inaniter in orbes cogere Walt. Wimb. Palpo 179.  c scutulatus ‥ i. equus habens candidos ~es Osb. Glouc. Deriv. 550.  d vel Titii volucrem vel ages Ixionis orbem Babio 433.  e ascensuro [in equum] prebuit obsequium, ~em tenens quo pes ejus dexter teneretur W. Fitzst. Thom. 107.  f globulos autem hos cujusque coloris praeter aurei heraldi antiqui pellots, hoc est pilas vocarunt, alias a rotunditate rondels, id est ~es Spelman Asp. 111. 2 circular course, orbit (in quots., w. ref. to passing of time). transcursis novem circiter annorum ~ibus Felix Guthl. 18; annilem ‥ ~em Ib. 52 p. 166 (v. 2 annilis); sol ‥ annuos ~es suo cursu expleat Andr. S. Vict. Sal. 98. 3 earth, world (imagined as a disc containing land surrounded by Ocean). b (Britannia or Hibernia alter ~is or sim.) Britain or Ireland, another world (imagined as an island separated from central land by Ocean). Brittannia insula in extremo ferme ~is limite Gildas EB 3; 672 Britannia occidui in extremo ferme ~is margine posita Aldh. Ep. 5 p. 492; ferunt et hominum genus esse sub ~e quos Antipodas vocant et ‥ imum ~is fundum ad nostra vestigia sursum directis pedibus calcant Lib. Monstr. I 53; neque enim frustra ‥ ~is terrae vocatur; est enim re vera ~is idem in medio totius mundi positus, non in latitudinis solum giro quasi instar scuti rotundus, sed instar potius pilae undique versum aequali rotunditate persimilis Bede TR 32; qui longius extra ~em, hoc est in insula maris oceani, nati Id. Cant. 1077; usque ad tempora Arrianae vaesaniae quae, corrupto ~e toto, hanc etiam insulam extra ~em tam longe remotam ‥ infecit Id. HE I 8 p. 22.  b Britannia quae a multis ‥ alter ~is appellatur quod oceano interfusa non multis cosmographis comperta est W. Malm. GR I 54; Hibernia quanto a cetero et communi orbe terrarum semota et quasi alter ~is esse dignoscitur Gir. TH I 2; a communi terrarum orbe in his extremitatibus, tanquam in ~e quodam altero ‥ remoti Ib. III 10; tue ‥ fame gloria me per tot incognitas undas ‥ ex alio ut ita loquar ~e, Italiam petere allexit Free Ep. 61. 4 object of spherical shape; b (of eye or eye socket). c orb (as symbol of royal power). †orbia, sifanutunda [l. orbis, offa rotunda] GlC O 263; tam effusam flammam exisse ut fumeorum voluminum ~es etiam sidera lambunt W. Malm. GR IV 333; sum veluti saxum grande ruens in aquas: / mergitur, exiguum sed in orbem colligit undam, / spargit et undarum non procul inde globas L. Durh. Dial. IV 132–4.  b orbis dicitur oculus Latine Comm. Cant. I 160; caecis pupillarum ~ibus Aldh. Met. 2 p. 66; utrique oculi ‥ extirpati decidere super ipsam ‥ paginam. ‥ psalterium hujus correptionis prebet indicium, in eadem serie lapsorum ~ium cruore maculatum V. Kenelmi B f. 82ra; lux tempestiva ~es implevit W. Malm. GR II 223; divina lumina venefice cavis ~ibus evulsa Ib. II 211; versus me dulcifluos ~es oculorum inflectere R. Cold. Godr. 210; panniculi ad duos ~es oculorum tandem pervenientes Ps.-Ric. Anat. 26.  c absit atrox regimen. orbs abdicat arce feroces, / subdit et indomitos lex racione vigens Elmh. Metr. Hen. V 5. 5 earth, world (imagined as a globe). b the whole world, all the world’s inhabitants. c (Arbiter ~is) Judge of the world, Christ. d (caput ~is) head of the world, Rome. e (urbs ‥ ~is) the world as dist. from the city of Rome. hujus in occiduis convexi partibus orbis Frith. 34; totius ~is terre ambitus ‥ 252,000 stadiorum spatium continere diffinitur Sacrob. Sph. 85.  b universo ~i praefulgidum sui coruscum ostendens ‥ Christus Gildas EB 8; digessi nomina patrum / e quibus altithrono conversus credidit orbis Aldh. CE 4. 13. 2; praecipit ‥ non tantum Judaeis sed et cunctis per ~em nationibus curam salutis impendere Bede Prov. 1029; 789 usque dum Dominus veniat qui judicaturus est ~em terrae in aequitate CS 257; imperatorem Romanum quo majus potentiae ‥ nomen in ~e terrarum aliud non est W. Poit. I 29; ~em in partes, partes in provincias, provincias in regiones ‥ divisit Adel. ED 28.  c stipite de patulo dum penderet Arbiter orbis Aldh. Aen. 76 (Melarius) 7; cui claves caeli Christus dedit Arbiter orbis Bede HE V 19.  d Romani ‥ quod ab advenis piscatoribus caput ~is impugnaretur indignum duxerunt Ord. Vit. VII 7 p. 176.  e exivit ab urbe ut ~em intraret. exivit ab urbe ut ~em perlustrans eum ‥ doceret V. Birini 6. 6 part of the world, region. qui natura sunt Judaei ex diverso ~e convenerant Bede Acts 947; ab omni ~e Christiano excommunicari ‥ sustinuit W. Malm. GR III 235; c1145 R. comes Cestrie ‥ omnibus mercatoribus de quocumque ~e terrarum venerint salutem et pacem Cart. Chester 11 p. 69; s1089 hujus emendationis claritate omnis occidui ~is ecclesia tam Gallicana quam Anglica, gaudet se esse illuminatam Torigni Access. Sig. 49; tantam ‥ habebat cancellarius donandi gratiam ut amor et delicie totius ~is Latini reputaretur W. Fitzst. Thom. 12; principem fore omnium ecclesiarum ipsius occidui ~is Elmh. Cant. 111. 7 country. sospes enim veniens supremo ex orbe Britanni Bede HE V 7; 985 totius Brittaniae ~is basileos CD 1283; Kenuto Anglici ~is rege Gosc. Lib. Mild. 17; exiit edictum a Philippo rege ut describeretur Gallicus ~is P. Blois Ep. 20. 74C; causam qua in nostrum venit ~em tum ab eo ‥ accepi Ad. Eyns. Hug. II proem.; non solum in toto ~e Anglicano ‥ immo et in ceteris nationibus scholisque transmarinis Ib. III 8. 8 earth, ground. ex quibus cum muliebri semine permixtis si forte fit animal, ad similitudinem fit eorum que in ~e procreantur animalium Alf. Angl. Cor 12. 3 (cf. ib. 4: sicut solis calor terre nascentibus). 9 the world (of this present life as dist. from the life of the world to come). 957 Adam ‥ expulsus, in has aerumpnosas ~is plagas ‥ vivens CS 995; queque [sc. justitia] vagabatur et pene reliquerat ~em W. Malm. GR III 284. 8; spes mundi, gloria celi, ‥ ~is domina, celi regina Ailr. Inst. Inclus. 26; tu infernum spolias, celum penetras, ~em terrarum tibi vendicas Bald. Cant. Serm. 8. 35; lucerna fidei quam huic nostro ~i lux vera Christus accendit J. Ford Serm. 116. 5; messor celestis ‥ colligit ‥ / ‥ spicas raras hujus in orbis agro Garl. Tri. Eccl. 79; tercius est rector, animum qui tendit ad orbem / in cura residens dum manet ipse domi Gower VC III 1487. 10 (astr.): a orb of heavenly body. b sky, vault of heaven. c one of the concentric spheres supposed to carry the moon, the sun, the planets, and the stars round the earth. a limpida sum, fateor, Titanis clarior orbe Aldh. Aen. 100 (Creatura) 53; deinde luna plenum suae lucis ~em mundo praesentet (Ceolfrith) Bede HE V 21 p. 340; pene totus ~is solis quasi nigerrimo ‥ scuto videretur esse coopertus Ib.; Cont. 361.  b ~is vel firmamentum, ymbhwerft Ælf. Gl. 109.  c dum corporea visibilis mundi factura septenis caelorum ~ibus ‥ per praeceps vergentibus Aldh. Met. 3 p. 72; astriferis ‥ caelorum ~ibus Id. VirgP 37; cum mihi ‥ qualitates planetarum, distantias ~ium ‥ exposuisset Adel. ED 4; [caput] habens septem foramina que sunt sensuum instrumenta et hec secundum aliquos septem planetarum ~ibus correspondent Bart. Angl. V 2; ave, mater nati, / per quem sunt rotati / cetus orbium J. Howd. Sal. 15. 3; te stellifer orbis jubente rotatur Id. Cant. 54; celi ~es non omnes moventur super eosdem polos nec omnes stelle eodem modo Kilwardby OS 106; sub corpore celesti sunt species specialissime, ut ~is nonus, ~is stellatus, et ~is Saturni ‥ Bacon XV 216; forte facit hoc varietas proprietatis adquisite et influencia ~is alicujus J. Mirfield Brev. 50.

2 orbis v. orbus

3 orbis v. urbs

orbis, (7) is, m.

I toute espèce de cercle : ¶ 1 in orbem torquere aliquid Cic. Tim. 24 ; curvare Ov. M. 2, 715, courber qqch. en cercle ; suum saltatorium orbem versare Cic. Pis. 22, exécuter ses mouvements de danse circulaires ; sidera orbes suos conficiunt Cic. Rep. 6, 15, les astres accomplissent leurs cercles, leurs révolutions || [en part.] cercle formé par les troupes, formation en cercle [cf. en carré] : orbem facere Cæs. G. 4, 37, 2 ; in orbem consistere Cæs. G. 5, 33, 3, former le cercle, se former en cercle, ou orbem colligere, volvere Liv. 2, 50, 7 ; 22, 29, 5 ; orbes facere Sall. J. 97, 5, prendre des formations en cercle ; in orbem pugnare Liv. 28, 22, 15, combattre dans la formation en cercle || per omnes in orbem imperium ibat Liv. 1, 17, 6, lʼautorité se transmettait à tous en faisant le tour, cf. Liv. 3, 36, 3 ¶ 2 [fig.] a) cercle, cours des affaires : sperabam sic orbem rei publicæ esse conversum, ut vix sonitum audire, vix impressam orbitam videre possemus Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2, jʼespérais que le char de lʼÉtat tournerait (changerait de direction), sans que nous puissions presque entendre le bruit, presque voir la trace des roues, cf. Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1 ; ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur Liv. 3, 10, 8, pour que le même cercle dʼévénements se déroulât chaque année, cf. Liv. 42, 42, 6 ; redit agricolis labor actus in orbem Virg. G. 2, 401, roule dans un cercle perpétuel le cours des travaux du laboureur ; cf. La Font. F. 10, 1, 55  : Parcourant sans cesser ce long cercle de peines ; b) cercle dʼune discussion : in hunc orbem, quem circumscripsimus, incidere, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, rentrer dans le cercle que nous avons tracé pour notre discussion ; c) cercle de connaissances : orbis doctrinæ Quint. 1, 10, 1, encyclopédie de connaissances ; d) [rhét.] période : orbis verborum Cic. de Or. 3, 198 ; orationis Cic. Or. 234, tour bien arrondi de la phrase.

II toute surface circulaire ¶ 1 disque : [dessus de table rond] Ov. H. 17, 87 || [disque du soleil, de la lune] Virg. G. 1, 459 ; Ov. M. 7, 530 || orbis terræ ou terrarum Cic. Agr. 2, 76 ; 2, 33, disque de la Terre [dʼaprès les idées anciennes, pour nous globe terrestre] || [poét.] orbis seul = Terre ou région, contrée Ov. F. 5, 93 ; Ov. F. 3, 466 ; Juv. 2, 108 ¶ 2 [sens divers] : [plateau de table] Juv. 1, 137 ; [plaque ronde de mosaïque] Juv. 11, 175 ; [plateau de balance] Tib. 4, 1, 44 ; [miroir] Mart. 9, 18, 5 ; [bouclier] Virg. En. 10, 783 ; [roue] Virg. G. 3, 361 ; [roue de la Fortune] Tib. 1, 5, 70 ; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 7 ; [orbite de lʼœil] Ov. M. 14, 200 ; [œil] Ov. Am. 1, 8, 16 ; [tambourin] Suet. Aug. 68 [jeu de mots avec sens de globe terrestre] || sorte de poisson : Plin. 32, 14.

➳ qqf. abl. orbi : Lucr. 5, 74 ; 5, 707, etc. ; Varro R. 3, 5, 16 ; 3, 16, 5 || [locatif] orbi terrarum dans lʼunivers : Cic. Rep. 5, 10 ; Verr. 2, 4, 82 ; Domo 24 ; ou orbi terræ Cic. Sest. 66 ; v. Char. 139, 20.

orbis , is. m.
圓。圈。球。輪。圓物。天球。地球。域。圓桌。圓盖。圓碟。年。一 環人。一隊兵。銅牌。— saltatorius 轉跳舞。— ablaqueationis 周樹穵 土。— signifer 黄道。— astrorum 星之轉運。— lacteus 天漢。天河。— orationis 一股文。— terrarum 地球。普世。— magnus 周年。Circumacta in orbem concha 圓海蛤。Arbor in orbem se fundit 樹四方伸枝。In orbem volvi 轉。

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orbis is, abl.orbe (rarely -bī, C.), m

• a ring, circle, re-entering way, circular path, hoop, orbit: in orbem intorquere: in orbem curvat (iter) eundem, O.: digitum iusto commodus orbe teras, a ring, O.: ut in orbem consisterent, form a circle, Cs.: orbe facto se defendere, a hollow square, Cs.: orbem volventes suos increpans, L.: in orbem sese stantibus equis defendere, L.: duodecim signorum orbis, zodiac: lacteus, Milky Way: sidera suos orbes conficiunt, orbits: inmensis orbibus angues Incumbunt pelago, coils, V.—A round surface, disk, circle: mensae, round top, O.: de tot pulchris orbibus comedunt, round tables, Iu.: lucidus, disk (of the sun), V.: ictus ab orbe, quoit, O.: (hasta) per orbem cavum Transit, shield, V.—A mosaic pavement, Iu.—One side of a balance: alterno orbe, Tb.—A wheel: Unda ferratos sustinet orbes, V.: Fortunae stantis in orbe Numen, her wheel, O.—An eye-socket, eye: gemino lumen ab orbe venit, eye, O.: oculorum orbes, V.—With terrae or terrarum, the circle of the world, earth, world, universe: orbis terrae, S., C.: terrarum orbis, V.—The earth, world, universe (sc. terrae): Iuppiter totum cum spectet in orbem, O.: Si fractus inlabatur orbis, H.: Roma orbis caput, O.—A country, region, territory: Eoo dives ab orbe redit, the East, O.: Assyrius, Iu.—Fig., a circle, rotation, round, circuit: ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur, L.: orbis hic in re p. est conversus, the circle of political change: imperium per omnīs in orbem ibat, in rotation, L.—In time, a cycle, round, period: Annuus, V.: Triginta magnos volvendis mensibus orbīs explebit, years, V. —Of speech, a rounding off, period, cycle: quasi orbem verborum conficere: orationis.—A cycle of thought: sententiae Pyrrhonis in hunc orbem incidere non possunt: circa vilem patulumque orbem, the trite and obvious path, H.

Orbis

A circular table. See mensa.