Ἄρης

Ἄρης, ὁ, Ep. gen. Ἄρεος, Att. Ἄρεως A. Th. 64, E. El. 1258; but Ἄρεος (never contr.) is required by the metre in A. Th. 115 (lyr.), S. OC 947, Ant. 125 (lyr.), El. 1423 (lyr.), E. Heracl. 275, El. 950, Fr. 16; dat. Ἄρεϊ, contr. Ἄρει; acc. Ἄρεα S. OT 190 (lyr.), Att. Ἄρη (never Ἄρην, which is not found in Attic Inscrr. and is never required by the metre; Ἄρηʼ is the true reading in Il. 5.909, Hes. Sc. 59, cf. AP 7.237 (Alph.), D.S. 5.72); voc. Ἄρες, Ep. (metri gr.) Ἆρες:—Ion. and Ep. declens. Ἄρης, ηος, ηι, ηα: Aeol. Ἄρευς, ευος, ευα, ευι, ευ, Sapph. 66, Alc. 28 ff.:—

• Ares: in Trag., the god of destruction generally, S. OT 190, etc.; ἐς Οἰδίπου παῖδε . . Ἄρης κατέσκηψʼ Ar. Fr. 558; in Com., Ἄρεως νεοττός chicken of Ares, Id. Av. 835.
• • • 2 the planet Mars, Arist. Cael. 292a5, Cleom. 1.11.59, etc.; Ἄρεος ἡμέρα D.C. 37.19.
  • II in Poets, Appellat. for war, slaughter, ξυνάγωμεν Ἄρηα Il. 2.381; Ἄρη μείξουσιν S. OC 1046 (lyr.); χρονίῳ σὺν Ἄρει Pi. P. 11.36; Ἄρης ἐμφύλιος, Ἄ. τιθασός, A. Eu. 862, 355; θηλυκτόνῳ Ἄρει δαμέντων Id. Pr. 861; ναύφαρκτος Ἄ. Id. Pers. 951 (lyr.); λιθόλευστον Ἄρη death by stoning, S. Aj. 254 (lyr.); ἔνθα μάλιστα γίγνετʼ Ἄ. ἀλεγεινὸς ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, of a mortal wound, Il. 13.569.
  • • 2 warlike spirit, A. Ag. 78, E. Ph. 134; κἀν γυναιξὶν . . Ἄ. ἔνεστιν S. El. 1242; οὔτʼ ὄλβος οὔτʼ Ἄ. Id. Ant. 952; μέγαν ἐκ θυμοῦ κλάζοντας Ἄ. A. Ag. 48; Ἄρη βλέπειν Ar. Pl. 328, Timocl. 12.7: in Prose, ἔμφυτος Ἄ. Gorg. Fr. 6.
    • 3 the sword, ὀξὺς Ἄ. Il. 7.330, cf. AP 7.531 (Antip. Thess.), Plu. Aud.poet. 2.23c.
  • III epith. of Zeus, as the avenger of perjury, in oaths, IG 5(2).343c (Arc.); of Ἐνυάλιος, ibid., Poll. 8.106. (Akin to ἀρή, q. v.) [ᾰ in Hom., but α of voc. may be long, e.g. Ἆρες, Ἄρες βροτολοιγέ Il. 5.31, and gen. Ἄ̄ρηος 2.767, Call. Jov. 77 (s.v.l.), Ἄ̄ρεος A.R. 3.1187, dat. Ἄ̄ρηϊ Id. 2.991: in Trag., regularly ᾰ, but A. uses ᾱ even in dialogue, as Th. 244, 469; and S. in lyr., Aj. 252, 614, Ant. 139.]

Ἄρης, ὁ, Ares, s. nom. propr., steht oft appellativisch für Krieg, Mord, δεινὸς ὁ πρὸς χώρων Ἄρης Soph. O.C. 1065 ; λιθόλευστος. Steinigungstod, Aj. 247 ; von Seuchen, O.R. 190 ; kriegerischer Mut, καὶ ἐν γυναιξὶν Ἄρης ἔνεστι El. 1235, u. so bei andern Dichtern.

Ἄρης

• (α᷌).
• Genit. Ἄρεος (α᷌), Ἄρηος (α᷌).
• Dat. Ἄρεϊ (α᷌), Ἄρει (ᾱ), Ἄρηϊ (α᷌), Ἄρῃ (ᾰ).
• Acc. Ἄρηα (α᷌).
• Voc. Ἆρες, Ἄρες.
• (ἀΐδηλος, ἀλλοπρόσαλλος, ἀνδροφόνος, ἆτος πολέμοιο, βριήπυος, βροτολοιγός, ἐγχέσπαλος, θοός, θοῦρος, κορυθαίολος, κρατερός, λαοσσόος, μιαιφόνος, ὄβριμος, ὀξύς, οὖλος, πελώριος, πτολίπορθος, ῥινοτόρος, ταλαύρινος πολεμιστής, τειχεσιπλήτης, χάλκεος, χρυσήνιος).
• See also Ἐνυάλιος.
• Son of Zeus and Her and father by Astyoche of Ascalaphus and Ialmenus.
• Athene leads him from the fray Il. 5.30;
• Aphrodite begs the use of his horses Il. 5.355;
• had been put in bonds by Otus-1 and Ephialtes Il. 5.385;
• Athene and Diomedes go against him Il. 5.840,
• Diomedes wounds him and puts him to flight 855,
• his complaint to Zeus 872,
• he is cured 899;
• his rage on hearing of the death of Ascalaphus Il. 15.113,
• restrained by Athene 125;
• in the Battle of the Gods attacks Athene Il. 21.391, who lays him low 403,
• Aphrodite leads him off 416,
• Athene lays them both low 423;
• etc: Od. 8.115;
• Demodocus’s tale of Ares and Aphrodite Od. 8.266, 276, 285, 309, 330, 345, 353, 355; Od. 8.518, Od. 11.537, Od. 14.216, Od. 16.269, Od. 20.50.
• See also Ἄρης in Lexicon.

Ἄρης

[use of the proper name.]

Genit. Ἄρηος.

Dat. Ἄρηϊ, Ἄρῃ.

Acc. Ἄρηα.

• • 1

    War, battle Il. 2.381, 385, Il. 3.132, Il. 9.532, Il. 13.630, Il. 19.142, Il. 21.112, etc.: Od. 16.269, Od. 20.50.

  • 2

    Applied to wounds inflicted in war: ἔνθα μάλιστα γίγνετʼ Ἀ. ἀλεγεινός Il. 13.569.

Ἄρης (Ἄρης (ᾰ), Ἄ¯ρεος, Ἄρει) god of war

• 1Συράκοσαι, βαθυπολέμου τέμενος Ἄρεος P. 2.2 “θέλεις <ναίειν ἐμοὶ> σύν τʼ Ἀθαναίᾳ κελαινεγχεῖ τʼ Ἄ̆ρει” Zeus speaks N. 10.84 “υἱὸν χεῖρας Ἄ̄ρεΐ τʼ ἐναλίγκιον στεροπαῖσί τʼ ἀκμὰν ποδῶν” (Hermann: Ἄρει χεῖρας codex: τʼ add. Boeckh) I. 8.37 generally, war, battle, slaughter οὐλίῳ μιν ἐν Ἄ̄ρει παραγορεῖτο μή ποτε σφετέρας ἄτερθε ταξιοῦσθαι αἰχμᾶς O. 9.76 μέλει τέ σφισι Καλλιόπα καὶ χάλκεος Ἄρης O. 10.15 ἐν δʼ Ἄρης ἀνθεῖ νέων οὐλίαις αἰχμαῖσιν ἀνδρῶν O. 13.23 καὶ γὰρ βιατὰς Ἄρης ἰαίνει καρδίαν κώματι P. 1.10 καπνωθεῖσαν πάτραν ἐπεὶ ἴδον ἐν Ἄ̄ρει P. 5.85 ἐν πολεμαδόκοις Ἄρεος ὅπλοις P. 10.14 ἀλλὰ χρονίῳ σὺν Ἄ˘ρει πέφνεν τε ματέρα P. 11.36 χαλκέῳ τʼ Ἄρει ἅδον (πολέμων ἦσαν ἔμπειροι. Σ.) I. 4.15 καὶ νῦν ἐν Ἄρει μαρτυρήσαι κεν πόλις Αἴαντος ὀρθωθεῖσα ναύταις ἐν πολυφθόρῳ Σαλαμὶς Διὸς ὄμβρῳ i. e. in the seafight at Salamis against the Persians I. 5.48 χάλκασπις ᾧ πότμον μὲν Ἄρης ἔμειξεν I. 7.25

Ἄρης , gen. Ἄρεος and Ἄρηος, dat. Ἄρει and Ἄρηι, acc. Ἄρην and Ἄρηα, voc. Ἄρες (Ἆρες, Il. 5.31, 455): Ares (Mars), son of Zeus and Hera, the god of war and the tumult of battle, Il. 5.890ff; insatiate in bloodshed, headlong and planless in warfare, thus forming a contrast to Athena, with whom he is at variance, Il. 5.853ff., Il. 21.400ff.; a brother of Ἔρις, father of Δεῖμος and Φόβος; his favorite abode is among rude, warring peoples, Il. 13.301ff., Od. 8.361; his mien and stature imposing and magnificent, Il. 5.860, cf. 385, Od. 8.267ff.; fights now for the Trojans and now for the Greeks (ἀλλοπρόσαλλος); other epithets, ἆτος πολέμοιο, βροτολοιγός, δεινός, ἀνδρεϊφόντης, Ἐνῡάλιος, θοός, θοῦρος, μιαίφονος, ὄβριμος, ταλαυρῑνὸς πολεμιστής, χάλκεος, etc. The name of Ares is used by personification (though not written with a capital letter in some edd.) for his element, battle, combat; ξυνάγειν Ἄρηα, κρίνεσθαι Ἄρηι, ἐγείρειν ὀξὺν Ἄρηα, Il. 2.381, 385, 440.

Ἄρης short α in Hom., except in voc. Ἆρες: in Aesch. long or short.

• • IAres, called by the Latins Mars, son of Zeus and Hera, god of war and slaughter, also of strife and pestilence, Hom., Trag.
  • IIin Poets, as appellat., war, battle, discord, slaughter, ξυνάγωμεν Ἄρηα Il; Ἄρης ἐμφύλιος, Ἄ. τιθασός civil war, Aesch.
  • • 2warlike spirit, Trag. The Root !αρ, appears also in ἀρετή, the first notion of goodness (virtus) being that of manhood, bravery in war.