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ἐπιβολή

ἐπιβολή, a throwing

ἐπιβολ-ή, ἡ,
  • throwing or laying on, ἱματίων Th. 2.49 (pl.); χειρῶν σιδηρῶν, of grappling-irons, Id. 7.62 (pl.); τῶν χρωμάτων Luc. Zeux. 5; σημείων affixing of seals, Id. Tim. 13; χειρῶν ἐπιβολαὶ ἐγίνοντο a fray arose, D.H. 10.33.
        • b χειρῶν ἐπιβολή massage, Gal. 6.92; without χειρῶν, σκληρὰ ἐ. ib. 101, cf. 176.
      • 2 metaph., ἐ. τῆς διανοίας application of the mind to a thing, Epicur. Ep. 1pp. 5,12 U.(pl.), Ph. 1.230 (pl.), Plot. 2.4.10; αἱ ἐ. τῶν νοημάτων Philostr. VS 2.18; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς πάνυ very scrupulously, Antyll. ap. Orib. 45.25.5.
        • b act of direct apprehension, Epicur. Ep. 1 p.3 U.: pl., ib. p.4U.; ἡ ἐκ τῶν ἐ. ταραχή Phld. D. 1.14; ἐπί τι Epicur. Fr. 255, cf. Plot. 1.6.2; intuition, [τῇ ψυχῇ] τὴν ἐπιβολὴν ἀθρόαν ἀθρόων γίνεσθαι Id. 4.4.1; [γνῶσις] ἐφάψεται τοῦ ἑνὸς κατὰ ἐπιβολήν Dam. Pr. 25 bis; opp. συλλογισμός, ibid.
        • c conception, notion, Iamb. Comm. Math. 1, cf.9, Dam. Pr. 258 (pl.); point of view, ib. 201, 396, al.; doctrine, ἡ τοῦ Συριανοῦ θαυμασία ἐ. ib. 270: pl., principles, Ael. Tact. 21.1.
        • d impulse, Stoic. 3.41, 149; ἐ. φιλοποιίας ib. 96.
      • 3 setting upon a thing, design, attempt, enterprise, v.l. in Th. 3.45: c. gen., ἡ ἐ. τῆς ἱστορίας writing history, Plb. 1.4.2; τῶν ὅλων acquisition of empire, Id. 1.3.6, cf. 5.95.1; κατασκευασμάτων ἐπιβολαί designs, Plu. Per. 12; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς designedly, D.S. 13.27.
        • b of surgical operations, οὐδεμία ὄνησις τῆς ἐ. Philum. Ven. 4.7; μὴ κατακολουθεῖν ἀδυνάτοις ἐπιβολαῖς Hegetor ap. Apollon.Cit. 3.
      • 4 hostile attempt, assault, Plb. 6.25.7 (pl.), cj. for -βουλάς in Th. 1.93.
      • 5 application of name to thing, Procl. in Cra. p.109 P., al.
    • II that which is laid on, ἐπιβολαὶ πλίνθων courses of bricks, Th. 3.20; βυρσῶν layers of hide, Luc. Nav. 4; superstructure, gallery, Ph. Bel. 80.36 (pl.); λεπιδοειδεῖς ἐπιβολαί the squamous commissures of the skull, Gal. 10.452.
      • 2 penalty, fine, IG 1(2).84.29 (pl.), Ar. V. 769; ἐπιβολὴν ἐπιβάλλειν Lys. 20.14 (pl.), X. HG 1.7.2, etc.; ἐπιβολὰς ὀφλεῖν And. 1.73; ἡ ἐ. τῆς βουλῆς the penalty imposed by the council, Aeschin. 2.93; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς in consequence of infliction of a fine, Lys. 6.21.
      • 3 requisition, number of men required, Plb. 3.106.3; impost, public burden, Plu. Cat.Ma. 18 (pl.), cf. Procop. Arc. 23; τῆς λαογραφίας PTeb. 391.19 (i A.D.); requisition of corn, PFay. 81.9 (ii A.D.).
        • b additional quantity, IG 2(2).1672.285,297.
        • c κατʼ ἐπιβολήν τινος in proportion to . ., pro rata, CPR 28.17 (ii A.D.), etc.
    • III a thing put over for shelter or protection, Thphr. CP 3.16.4.
      • 2 ἐ. χώματος embankment, PPetr. 3 p.80 (iii B.C.).
      • 3 cloak, POxy. 298.9 (i A.D.), etc.
    • IV Rhet., = ἐπαναφορά, Phoeb. Fig. 2.4, Rut.Lup. 1.7.
      • 2 introduction, approach to a subject, Hermog. Id. 1.3; ἐ. τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ ib. 2.1.
      • 3 power, ‘grasp’, of style or treatment, χάρις καὶ ἐ. D.Chr. 18.14; general survey, consideration, Ptol. Tetr. 204; Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν ἐν ταῖς παρατάξεσιν ἐ. Ael. Tact.Praef. 6.
      • 4 ‘trimmings’, ornament, τὸ ἀφαιρεῖν τὰς ἐ. καὶ αὐτοῖς χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὀνόμασι Aristid. Rh. p.522 S.
    • V in Alchemy, ‘projection’, i.e. chemical reaction intended to produce transmutation, Syn.Alch. p.58B. (pl.).

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