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ὁπλίτης

ὁπλίτης, ὁπλίτης, ὁπλίτου, ὁ, hoplite, heavy-armed foot soldier

ὁπλῑτ-ης, ου, ὁ, (ὅπλον)
  • heavy-armed, armed, ὁ. δρόμοι races of men in armour, opp. the naked race (v. στάδιον II), Pi. I. 1.23; called ὁ ὁ. or simply ὁπλίτης (Dor., Arc. -τας) in IG 5(1).1120 (Geronthrae, v B. C.), 5(2).550.26 (Lycaeum, iv B. C.), etc. (= τοῦ ὅπλου δρόμος, Paus. 6.13.1), cf. ὁπλιτοδρομέω; ἀνὴρ ὁ. A. Th. 717, E. Supp. 585, etc.; ὁ. στρατός an armed host, Id. Heracl. 800; ὁ. κόσμος warrior-dress, armour, ib. 699.
    • II mostly as Subst., ὁπλίτης, ὁ, heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms, who carried a pike (δόρυ) and a large shield (ὅπλον), Ἀθηναίων οἱ στρατηγοὶ καὶ . . οἱ ὁ. IG 1(2).116.25; ὁπλῖται, opp. ψιλοί, Hdt. 9.30, Th. 1.106; opp. γυμνῆτες, Hdt. 9.63; opp. ἱππεῖς, Pl. R. 552a; opp. τοξόται, Id. Criti. 119b; to be a ὁπλίτης implied the possession of full civic rights, hence οἱ ὁ., opp. οἱ βάναυσοι, Arist. Pol. 1326a23; and, in oligarchical states, opp. ὁ δῆμος, ib. 1305b33.

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