ὕλη

ὕλη [ῡ], ἡ,

• forest, woodland, Il. 11.155, Od. 17.316, Ep.Jac. 3.5, etc.; γῆν . . δασέαν ὕλῃ παντοίῃ Hdt. 4.21; ἀπʼ ὕλης ἀγρίης ζώειν Id. 1.203; ὕλα ἀεργός virgin forest, Berl.Sitzb. 1927.167 (Cyrene); τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη fruit-trees and forest-trees, Th. 4.69 (cf. δένδρον); not only of forest-trees, but also of copse, brushwood, undergrowth (cf. ὕλημα), directly opp. to timber-trees, X. An. 1.5.1, Oec. 16.13, 17.12, PSI 6.577.8 (iii B. C.), Sor. 1.40: also in pl., h.Cer. 386, Hecat. 291 J., Mosch. 3.88, Plb. 5.7.10, D.S. 3.48, D.H. Th. 6, Str. 5.1.12, 15.1.60, Plu. Pyrrh. 25, Cat. Ma. 21, Comp.Cim.Luc. 3, Luc. Prom. 12, Sacr. 10, Am. 12, Babr. 12.2, al., Nonn. D. 3.69, 252, 16.91, 36.70, etc.
• • II wood cut down, Od. 5.257 (cf. III); firewood, fuel, Il. 7.418, 23.50, 111, al., Od. 9.234, Hdt. 4.164, 6.80; brushwood, Id. 7.36, Th. 2.75, etc.; timber, ὕ. ναυπηγησίμη Pl. Lg. 705c; ναυπηγήσιμος καὶ οἰκοδομική Thphr. HP 5.7.1, cf. IG 42(1).102.50 (Epid., iv B. C.); also, twigs for birds’ nests, Arist. HA 559a2.
  • III the stuff of which a thing is made, material, (perh. so of wood), Od. 5.257; rarely of other material, as metal, οἱ παρʼ ἄκμονι . . ὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες Plu. Praec. 2.802b (cf. S. Fr. 844, but ὕλη is Plutarchʼs word): generally, materials, PMasp. 151.91 (vi A. D.).
  • • 2 in Philosophy, matter, first in Arist. (Ti.Locr. 93b, al. is later); defined as τὸ ὑποκείμενον γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς δεκτικόν, GC 320a2; as τὸ ἐξ οὗ γίγνεται, Metaph. 1032a17; οὐσία ἥ τε ὕ. καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὸ ἐκ τούτων ib. 1035a2; opp. as δυνάμει τόδε τι to τόδε τι ἐνεργεία, ib. 1042a27; opp. ἐντελέχεια, ib. 1038b6: in later philosoph. writers, mostly opp. to the intelligent and formative principle (νοῦς), Procl. Inst. 72, etc.; ὕ. τῶν ἀριθμῶν Iamb. Comm.Math. 4.
    • 3 matter for a poem or treatise, ὕ. τραγική, ποιητικαὶ ὗλαι, Plb. 2.16.14, Longin. 13.4, cf. 43.1, Vett.Val. 172.1, etc.; ἡ ὑποκειμένη ὕ. the subject-matter, Arist. EN 1094b12, cf. Phld. Rh. 2.124 S.
    • 4 ὕ. ἰατρική materia medica, Dsc. tit.; so ὕλη alone, materia medica, Id. 1 Prooem., Gal. 17(2).181; ὗλαι τῆς τέχνης ibid., cf. 6.77, Sor. 1.83, 110, 2.15, 28; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ὁπλομαχικῶν ἐνεργειῶν Gal. 6.157.
    • • b ἡ μέση ὕλη the middle range of diet, Sor. 1.46, 2.15; τροφιμωτέρα ὕλη Id. 1.95, cf. 36.
    • 5 pl., material resources, βασιλικαὶ ὗλαι Ph. 1.640.
  • IV sediment, Ar. Fr. 879, cf. Sch. Ar. Pl. 1086, 1088 (hence ὑλίζω (ἀφ-, δι-), ὑλώδης II); mud, slime, UPZ 70.9 (ii B. C.); ὕλῃ, ὕλει, and ἰλυῖ are cj. for ὕδει in Thgn. 961.
  • • 2 matter excreted from the human body, Sor. 1.22, 23, 25, al.; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ἐμπυημάτων Gal. 18(2).256; phlegm, catarrh, PMed. in Arch.Pap. 4.270 (iii A. D.).

ὕλη, ἡ,
1) Gehölz, Wald, Hom., Hes. u. Folgde ; πολλὰν ὕλαν πῦρ ἀΐστωσεν, Pind. P. 3.37 ; δαίων φλόγα ὕλης ὀρείας, Aesch. Ag. 483. Bei Xen. An. 1.5.1 Gesträuch und Staudengewächse, im Ggstz zu den Bäumen, wie auch Her. 3.112 zu verstehen.
2) das gefällte Holz, Bau- u. Brennholz ; Il. 23.50, 111, 139, Od. 9.234, 10.104 u. sonst ; Her. 4.164, 6.80, 7.36 ; ναυπηγησίμη, Schiffsbauholz, Plat. Legg. IV.705c.
3) Uebh. Stoff, Materie, woraus Etwas bereitet wird, der rohe, unverarbeitete Stoff, gleichviel ob Holz, wie Od. 5.257, oder Stein, Metall u. dgl.; Soph. frg. 743 παρʼ ἄκμονι τυπάδι βαρείᾳὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες ; vgl. Tim.Locr. 97e ; ὕλη ἰατρική, materia medica, Galen.; τραγική, Pol. 2.16.14 ; – ἐν ὕλῃ, der Materie nach, bes. Sp. – Im chemischen Sinne, die Unterlage od. Basis, welche die eigentliche Masse gibt. – Es scheint wie υἱός von ὕω, Fύω = φύω abzuleiten, der Ort, wo das Holz wächst ; davon sylva.

ὕλη

-ης, ἡ.

• • 1

    A wood or forest Il. 3.151, Il. 6.147, Il. 12.148, Il. 15.273, Il. 18.320, etc. : Od. 5.63, 470, 475, Od. 6.128, Od. 10.159, Od. 14.353.

  • 2

    Woodlands, woods : ἄγρια, τά τε τρέφει οὔρεσιν ὑ. Il. 5.52. Cf. Il. 5.555, Il. 11.118, Il. 13.18, 102, etc. : ὄρος καταειμένον ὕλῃ (with wood) Od. 13.351, Od. 19.431. Cf. Od. 5.398, Od. 9.120, Od. 10.150, 197, Od. 13.246, Od. 17.316.

  • 3

    Lop, the smaller branches of felled timber : πολλὴν ἐπεχεύατο ὕλην Od. 5.257.

    Such branches used as fuel, firewood, faggot-wood : ἕτεροι μεθʼ ὕλην Il. 7.418, 420. Cf.Il. 23.50, 111, 127, 139, 163, 198, Il. 24.662, 784 : Od. 9.234, Od. 10.104.

ὕλη (cf. silva): wood, forest; also of cut wood, firewood, Il. 23.50, Od. 9.234. In general of brush, stuff, raw material, Od. 5.257.

ὕλη .ὕ_λη, ἡ,

• • ILat. sylva, a wood, forest, woodland, Hom., Hdt., etc.; τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη fruit-trees and forest-trees, Thuc.: copse, brushwood, opp. to timber-trees, Xen.
  • IIwood cut down, firewood, fuel, Hom., etc.
  • IIIlike Lat. materia, stuff of which a thing is made, the raw material, wood, timber, Od., Hdt.
  • • 2in Philosophy, matter, Arist.
    • 3subject matter, Arist.